快速气相色谱法测定食品中的常见防腐剂

摘要：建立了一种分离测定食品中6种常见防腐剂(山梨酸，苯甲酸，对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯)的简单、准确的快速气相色谱方法，采用长10m，内径100μm的HP-5熔融石英毛细管柱，在快速程序升温条件下，6种常见防腐剂的分析时间为1．3min。各组分平均回收率(n=3)为96．45％；检出限为1．2～10μg／mL；线性相关系数大于0．994。该方法已用于实际食品中防腐剂的检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中防腐剂的研究

采用高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中山梨酸、苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯等6 种防腐剂,用Zorbax ODS柱(150×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm),磷酸二氢钾∶乙腈=90∶10(V/V)为流动相,加入磷酸调pH值为2.0,检测波长254 nm。样品用乙醇水冰乙酸(70∶29.5∶0.5,V/V)提取,回收率为90.8%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为3.1%~8.5%。     

毛细管区带电泳法同时测定饮料中16种食品添加剂

建立了毛细管区带电泳法测定饮料中酸性红92、专利蓝V、荧光素二钠、酸性红1、靛蓝胭脂红、亮黑、丽春红6R、日落黄、苋菜红、柠檬黄等10种人工合成色素和苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯等6种防腐剂的分析方法。考察了缓冲溶液种类、浓度、pH值及运行电压、温度等对分离的影响,确定最佳电泳条件为: 未涂层弹性石英毛细管柱(46 cm×50 μm),缓冲溶液为70 mmol/L硼酸(pH=9.5)(含体积分数为4%的乙腈),检测波长220 nm,电泳电压30 kV,进样时间5 s,电泳温度25 ℃。该法用于测定市售饮料样品得到满意结果: 在1～250 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数不小于0.9938,回收率在95.8%与108.7%之间。该法简便、准确,能够满足食品添加剂的常规检测要求。     

气相法测定用重氮甲烷预处理的2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸

 建立了一种采用气相测定 2 甲基 3 硝基苯甲酸含量的分析方法。用重氮甲烷对 2 甲基 3 硝基苯甲酸进行酯化预处理 ,以CP Sil 43CB石英毛细管柱 (2 5m× 0 32mmi d × 0 2 μm)分离 ,氢火焰离子化检测器检测 ,归一化法定量。平均回收率为 99 81 % ,相对标准偏差 (RSD)为 0 0 8% ,最低检出限为 3× 1 0 - 1 1 g。方法简便实用 ,稳定可靠 ,实现了用气相法对这种高沸点、高纯度物质的定量分析 ,可用于该类物质的纯度检验 ,也可用于新产品开发及生产、科研中的过程分析。     

凝胶色谱净化-气相色谱法测定酱油中7种防腐剂

建立了凝胶色谱净化-气相色谱法测定酱油中山梨酸、苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯共7种防腐剂的方法.样品经过乙醚提取,凝胶渗透色谱净化,毛细管柱(Rxi-17,30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)分离后,FID检测器检测.7种化合物在10.0～400.0 mg...     

超声提取-毛细管气相色谱法检测酱腌菜中对羟基苯甲酸酯

采用超声提取法提取酱腌菜中的对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯及对羟基苯甲酸丙酯,在SE30毛细管柱(33 m×0.53 mm,2.65μm)上得到了良好分离。对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯及对羟基苯甲酸丙酯在0～750μg/mL浓度范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9999。对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的检出限分别为0.1,0.1,0.2μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于3.6%(n=11),平均回收率为84.5%～97.1%。     

凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱法测定豆瓣酱中6种防腐剂

提出了气相色谱法测定豆瓣酱中山梨酸、苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯共6种防腐剂含量的方法。豆瓣酱样品用乙醚提取,所得提取液须经凝胶色谱净化大分子干扰物质。方法中采用Biobeads S-X3凝胶渗透色谱净化柱和乙酸乙酯-环己烷(1+1)混合溶液作流动相,采用Rxi(-17(0.25 mm×30 m,0.25μm)毛细管柱分离后,用氢火焰离子化检测器检测。6种防腐剂的质量浓度均在10.0~400 mg.L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.56~0.74 mg.kg-1之间。在3个浓度水平下对方法的回收率和精密度进行了试验,测定回收率在91.4%~98.8%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)在2.9%~5.3%之间。     

气相色谱/质谱法分析研究蜂胶中化学成分

1　引　　言用ＧＣ/ＭＳ分析方法分离鉴定蜂胶中的化学成分。试样经提取、酯化、浓缩后 ,采用ＨＰ 5( 30ｍ× 0 .2 5ｍｍ× 0 2 5ｍｍ)弹性石英毛细管柱进行测定。分离鉴定了黄酮类、脂肪酸、芳香酸、醇类等 77个化合物。用峰面积归一法通过Ｇ1 70 1ＢＡ化学工作站数据处理系统得出各化学成分在蜂胶中的百分含量为 97 1 2 %。2　实验部分2 1　仪器与试剂　ＨＰ6890 / 5973ＧＣ/ＭＣ联用仪 (美国惠普公司 ) ,三球ＫＤ旋转蒸发浓缩仪 (上海玻璃仪器公司 ) ,色谱柱为ＨＰ 5( 30ｍ× 0 .2 5ｍｍ×0 .2 5μｍ)弹性石英毛细管柱 (美国惠普公司 )…     

大口径毛细管气相色谱法在甲基丙烯酸特种酯合成中的应用

 用大口径毛细管气相色谱法对甲基丙烯酸特种酯合成反应液中的各组分进行了分离分析鉴定。色谱柱 :高惰性交联SE 5 4大口径石英弹性毛细管柱 ,5 0m× 0 5 3mmi d × 0 6 μm。主组分回收率为 99 71%～ 10 2 89%,相对标准偏差小于 0 1%,可作为甲基丙烯酸特种酯类生产控制的一种实用方法。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定5种中草药中有机氯农药的残留量

建立了怀牛夕等 5种中草药中六六六及滴滴涕异构体含量的气相色谱分析方法。样品以石油醚 +丙酮在索氏提取器中提取 ,提取液以浓硫酸净化。采用SE 30弹性石英毛细管柱分离样品 ,GC ECD检测六六六、滴滴涕农药的残留量。方法的线性范围为 5 .7× 10 - 7～ 2 .8× 10 - 4μg ;最小检测量为 1.3× 10 - 1 4～ 2 .5×10 - 1 2 g ;加样平均回收率为 88.8%～ 99.1% ;RSD为 0 .9%～ 5 .3%。     

Capillary electrochromatographic analysis of aliphatic mono- and polycarboxylic acids

The parameters influencing the electrochromatographic separation of aliphatic organic acids in a capillary column with a wall-coated macrocyclic polyamine have been studied. Indirect detection using chromate, pyromellitate, trimellitate, o-phthalate, benzoate and acetate as background electrolytes has been tested. A complete separation of polyprotic acids could be achieved with pyromellitate buffer (7.5 mM, pH 6.5), and satisfactory results for the simultaneous separation of monoprotic acids and polyprotic acids were found using a capillary column of 70 cm (50 cm effective length)x75 microm inner diameter, electrokinetic injection (-10 kV, 10 s), benzoate buffer (6 mM, pH 4.6), separation voltage of -10 kV, and detection at 220 nm. For the separation of the geometric isomers fumarate and maleate, acetate buffer was found the best choice among the background electrolytes tested. The method so established has been applied to the determination of organic acids in soy sauce, brandy, lemon juice, spinach juice and cigarette. From the retention behavior, it was found that the separation mechanism on the bonded phase was influenced by the macrocyclic effect, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and anion exchange, in addition to the differences in electrophoretic mobility.     

Determination of rotenone in river water utilizing packed capillary column switching liquid chromatography with UV and time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection

Fast and sensitive packed capillary column switching liquid chromatography methodology has been developed for the determination of the pesticide rotenone in river water. Sample volumes of up to 1 ml are loaded onto a 23 x 0.25 mm, 5 microm Kromasil C18 packed capillary precolumn using a noneluting solvent composition of water-acetonitrile (99:1, v/v) at flow-rates up to 100 microl/min prior to solute backflushing onto a 200 x 0.32 mm, 3.5 microm Kromasil C18 packed capillary analytical column using a mobile phase of water-acetonitrile (30:70, v/v) at a flow-rate of 5 microl/min. The method was evaluated using river water samples spiked with rotenone in the concentration range 0.5-50 ng/ml using UV detection. The within-assay precision was between 5.0 and 7.7% relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 6) and the between assay precision was between 7.5 and 8.9% RSD (n = 6). The method was linear within the investigated mass range displaying a calibration curve correlation factor of 0.997. The mass limit of detection was 10 pg corresponding to a concentration limit of detection of 10 pg/ml, using time-of-flight mass spectrometry.     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定利多卡因代谢物单乙基甘氨酰二甲苯胺的血药浓度

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定利多卡因代谢物单乙基甘氨酰二甲苯胺(MEGX)血药浓度的方法。血清中的MEGX采用固相萃取小柱萃取、GC-MS测定。色谱条件为：HP-5MS毛细管柱(15 m×0.25 mm×0.1 μm),初始柱温100 ℃,保持1 min后以40 ℃/min速率升温至200 ℃,保持0.5 min;进样口温度250 ℃;分流进样,分流比1∶1,进样量2 μL;载气为氦气,流量为1.0 mL/min。质谱条件为:离子源温度230 ℃,电子轰击电离,电子能量70 eV,选择离子检测（m/z 58(MEGX)、 m/z 86(普鲁卡因,内标)）。结果表明,MEGX在血清中的浓度在1.562～25 ng/mL范围内的线性关系良好,相关系数0.9981,最低检测限为0.5 ng/mL,不同浓度MEGX的萃取回收率在80.1%～85.7%之间。实验证明该方法快速、准确,选择性好,灵敏度高,适合用于血清中微量MEGX的测定。     

Direct GC determination of methylmercury chloride on HBr-methanol-treated capillary columns

Summary Gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) for the analysis of methylmercury choloride (MMC) using a packed column and a capillary column has been investigated. The columns were 2% silicone OV-227 Uniport HP glass column and a DB-17 capillary column, each pretreated by about ten injections of HBr-methanol solution. MMC was separated as a sharp peak by the HBr-teated column and determined directly by ECD without derivatisation. The mass spectrum of MMC indicated that halide exchange from chloride to bromide proceeded during separation. The minimum detectable concentrations were approximately 5 ng mL⁻¹ on the packed column, and 2 ng mL⁻¹ on the capillary. Calibration curves showed good linearity between 5–200 ng mL⁻¹ for the packed column, and between 2–200 ng mL⁻¹ for the capillary. Relative standard deviations of peak areas were 0.95% for the packed column and 0.43% for the capillary at the level of 100 ng mL⁻¹ in both cases. The column treatment technique was applicable to determination of methylmercury in fish samples.     

Capillary electrochromatography using fibers as stationary phases.

Fiber-packed capillary columns have been evaluated in chromatographic performance in capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The change of electroosmotic flow (EOF) velocity and selectivity using different kinds of fiber materials was examined. Although the EOF velocity among the different fiber packed columns was almost the same, retention of parabens was larger on the Kevlar-packed column than on the Zylon-packed one, and was larger on the as-span-type fiber-packed column than on the high-modulus-type packed one. Using 200 microm ID x 5 cm Kevlar packed column combined with a 100 microm ID x 20 cm precolumn capillary and a 530 microm ID x 45 cm postcolumn capillary, the separation of three parabens within 30 s was achieved. Other compounds were also separated in a few minutes by the fiber-packed CEC method.     

On-line coupling of capillary isotachophoresis and zone electrophoresis for the assay of phenolic compounds in plant extracts

The combination of capillary isotachophoresis (ITP) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) in the column coupling configuration was optimized in a mode where the electrolyte for the CZE step is different from the leading and terminating ITP electrolytes. Two colored markers, picric acid and 1-nitroso-2-naphthol, were used for exact timing of the transfer of isotachophoretically stacked analyte zones into the CZE column and for the control of the residual amount of the leading and terminating ITP electrolytes entering the CZE capillary together with the analytes, thus controlling the duration of transient ITP migration in the CZE capillary and ensuring good separation of the analytes and reproducibility of the migration times (relative standard deviations 1%). ITP-CZE was applied to the simultaneous assay of several cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids in methanolic extracts of Sambucus flowers and Crataegus leaves and flowers. The preconcentrating and cleansing effect of the ITP step allowed injection of relatively large sample volumes (30 microL). The limits of detection were approximately 20-50 ng x mL(-1) and 100 ng x mL(-1) for the acids and flavonoids, respectively ( thick similar 200-times lower compared to conventional CE) with spectrophotometric detection at 254 nm. The ITP-CZE exhibited satisfactory linearity and precision when using CZE buffer of pseudo "pH" 9.0; 1-nitroso-2-naphthol was employed as the internal standard. The separation took approximately 35 min. The ITP-CZE results for rutin, hyperoside, and vitexin-2-O"-rhamnoside were in good accordance with those obtained previously by high-performance liquid chromatography.     

气相色谱-负化学源-三重四极杆质谱法测定化妆品中的硝基麝香类化合物

建立了一种用于不同化妆品中5种硝基麝香含量的气相色谱-负化学离子源三重四极杆质谱联用(GC-MS/MS)检测方法。采用丙酮/正己烷混合溶液超声提取化妆品中的硝基麝香,将提取液浓缩,以CNWBOND Si固相萃取柱净化。再由GC-MS/MS检测,氘代二甲苯麝香内标法定量。该方法对化妆品中5种硝基麝香的加标回收率为85.81%～103.77%,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于5.32%,灵敏度高,定量限为50.0～500 ng/kg;选择性好,能有效消除复杂基体干扰。可作为常见化妆品中硝基麝香类化合物含量检测的确证方法。     

应用于全氟辛烷磺酸萃取富集的全氟癸基修饰毛细管硅胶整体柱的制备及应用

利用溶胶-凝胶法,经过烷氧基硅烷的水解、硅羟基的缩聚、凝胶化、陈化、中孔制备、干燥和表面修饰等步骤制备了全氟癸基修饰的毛细管硅胶整体柱。采用该整体柱对全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)进行萃取富集,考察其富集特性和效率,并与传统的C18毛细管硅胶整体柱进行对比。结果表明,全氟癸基修饰毛细管硅胶整体柱(15 cm×75 μm)对PFOS具有更高的吸附量和更好的富集选择性,其平均吸附量可以达到75 ng;样品中PFOS的质量浓度为0.25 mg/L时,富集倍数平均可以达到29倍。此全氟癸基修饰毛细管硅胶整体柱对PFOS具有良好的萃取富集性能,可用于水质中痕量PFOS的萃取富集。     

衍生化毛细管气相色谱法分离测定山梨醇和甘露醇

采用乙酸酐为衍生化试剂,吡啶为溶剂和催化剂,将山梨醇和甘露醇转化成易恽发的糖醇乙酰酯衍生物。用苯基氰丙基聚硅氧烷（BPX-70）毛细管色谱柱分离分析,使同分异构体的六元糖醇得到了很好的分离,并用内标法定量。山梨醇甘露醇的线性范围均为2.50g/L-12.5g/L,检测限分别为0.60ng和0.68ng。     

松油醇的分析及其生产工艺改进的研究

 应用气相 红外光谱(GC FTIR)和气相 质谱(GC MS)对合成松油醇及其杂质成分、原料松节油、合成过程中间体粗油(红油和黄油)和天然松油醇进行了分析研究,为判断松油醇产品中杂质产生的原因及改进生产工艺提供了依据。研究结果表明,松油醇中的杂质主要为长叶烯和石竹烯,是由原料松节油带入的。天然松油醇粗油中主要成分是1,8 桉叶素、反式 4 艹守醇、p 异丙烯基甲苯、顺式 4 艹守醇、芳樟醇、樟脑、龙脑、4 松油醇、α 松油醇和黄樟素。天然松油醇中β 松油醇和γ 松油醇含量不如合成松油醇中的含量高,以此可判断松油醇是天然的还是合成的。