The dynamics of sorption of sulfuric acid by weakly basic polyacrylic anion exchangers

The nonequilibrium dynamics of sorption of sulfuric acid by free base forms of Amberlite IRA-67 and Lewatite VP.OC.1072 weakly basic anion exchangers is studied. It is established that, in hydrodynamic regimes of filtration, which are typical of OH filters of the first stage of water-desalting plants, the limiting stage of sorption kinetics is inside diffusion. It is concluded that the process is correctly described by an asymptotic solution to the inside-diffusion model of sorption dynamics. Original Russian Text ? A.V. Mamchenko, T.V. Kushnir, 2009, published in Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 967–971.     

Sorption Characteristics of Pillared Ferruginous Montmorillonite Modified with Cetylpyridinium Bromide

The sorption capacity of pillared ferruginous montmorillonite modified with cetylpyridinium bromide for iodine, methylene blue, and phenol was studied. Procedures for preparing a modified sorbent with the optimal sorption power for phenol were developed.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 6, 2005, pp. 901–904.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Panasyugin, Kitikova, Bondareva, Sivak.     

Adsorption of proteins on mesoporous carbon adsorbents

A study of the sorption of bull serum albumin (BSA) on carbon adsorbents with different porous structures has shown that, for adsorbents with globular structures, sorption depends on the size of the adsorbent particles. An assumption has been made concerning the nonequilibrium nature of BSA sorption on mesoporous adsorbents associated with irreversible adsorption of the protein and the nonuniform distribution of the adsorbed protein within the adsorbent particles.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1737–1740, August, 1991.     

Sorption of cadmium in some arable and forest soils

The sorption of cadmium labeled with ¹⁰⁹Cd in nitrate form, from aqueous solutions in different horizons of some arable and forest soils was studied under static (batch) conditions. Before sorption, a method of sequential soil treatment was applied, which consist in the consecutive removal of individual soil components by the use of appropriate reagents and procedures. Three sorption isotherms were tested. Kinetic studies showed that the sorption of cadmium is rather rapid and it can be well described by a Freundlich or a linear isotherm, whereas the closeness of Langmuir isotherm to the experimental results is lower. From the different sorption isotherms, it would also be possible to estimate the effect of individual components on the sorption of cadmium in soils. It was found that the untreated soils exhibit the highest sorption and the sorption decreases in the order of untreated > acetate treated > water treated > peroxide treated > dithionite treated soil. Sorption of cadmium increases with the depth of the studied soils disregarding their chemical treatment.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Chemisorption of Platinum(II) and Platinum(IV) Chloride Complexes on Fibrous Sorbents Derived from Polyacrylonitrile Modified with Aminoguanidine

Sorption of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) chloride complexes on nitrogen-containing fibrous sorbents derived from polyacrylonitrile with aminoguanidine groups (GLIPAN-3) was studied as influenced by the temperature, platinum concentration in the solution, and pH of the solution. The kinetic sorption parameters and the sorption capacities of the sorbents in hydrochloric acid and chloride solutions were determined. The sorption mechanism and the composition of platinum compounds formed in the sorbent phase were suggested.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 5, 2005, pp. 729–735.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Simanova, Kuznetsova, Konovalov, Shchukarev.     

Deviations from the normal ortho/para ratio for water (3 : 1) in the vapor phase in dynamic sorption

Deviations of the ortho/para ratio from its normal value (3: 1) were observed by spectral selective detection of ortho and para water molecules when water vapor passed through a column with a nanoporous polymeric adsorbent. The effect was suggested to be related to the nonstationary dynamics of sorption, that is, nonequilibrium character of chromatography. In terms of this model, the factor of spin ortho/para selectivity is slow and unequal diffusion of the spin isomers of water molecules inside the adsorbent, a process spurious for ideal equilibrium chromatography. Original Russian Text ? P.O. Kapralov, V.G. Artemov, A.M. Makurenkov, V.I. Tikhonov, A.A. Volkov, 2009, published in Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 769–775.     

Influence of Surfactants on Structuring of Molding Blends Based on ZnO

The correlation between the surfactant sorption and structural mechanical properties of molding blends and granulated sorbents was studied.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 240–244.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Prokof’ev, Il’in, Basova.     

Adsorption of Nitrogen,Oxygen, and Argon Vapors on Fine-Pore Oxide Materials

A comparative study of the adsorption of N₂, O₂, and Ar vapors on supermicroporous and fine-mesopore silica at 77 K is carried out. The oxygen sorption properties of these silica materials, like those of tin oxide and zirconia (earlier studied materials), are affected by supermicropores. Argon sorption is insensitive to the presence of supermicropores. Fine mesopores also have an effect on the oxygen sorption properties of silica.__________Translated from Kinetika i Kataliz, Vol. 46, No. 3, 2005, pp. 430–433.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Gavrilov.     

A Microcalorimetric Study of Water Vapor Sorption on Morphine Sulphate

Water vapor sorption on morphine sulphate was studied in a twin double sorption microcalorimeter at 25°C. The vapor sorption isotherm and the differential heats of sorption were determined simultaneously from dry condition to a water activity of 0.99. Two well resolved hydration steps were obtained on the sorption isotherm at water activities of 0.01 and 0.22 corresponding to the formation of dihydrate and pentahydrate of morphine sulphate. They were accompanied by constant values of the differential heats of sorption: –24 kJ mol^–1(H₂O) for the dihydrate formation and –10 kJ mol^–1(H₂O) for the pentahydrate formation.The calorimetrically obtained sorption isotherms were compared with the results of Karl Fisher titrations of morphine sulphate samples equilibrated at different water activities. The appearance of a liquid phase in the morphine sulphate at high water activities is discussed on the basis of the obtained differential heats of sorption and measured heat capacities of morphine sulphate at different water activities.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Physicochemical and Sorption Properties of Silica Gel with Immobilized Xylenol Orange Surface Groups

Organomineral sorbents were prepared by sorption immobilization of Xylenol Orange on the surface of two different samples of silica gel from aqueous solutions with pH 1.68 under static conditions. The diffusion coefficients of Xylenol Organe in the near-surface layer of silica gel and the equilibrium sorption constants were determined. Wash-out of the dye from the sorbent was studied. Sorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) on the sorbents from aqueous solutions with pH 5.8 was studied.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 1, 2005, pp. 73–78.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Korneev, Kholin.     

Pure hydrocarbon sorption properties of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP), poly(1-phenyl-1-propyne) (PPP), and PTMSP/PPP blends

Propane and n-butane sorption in blends of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) and poly(1-phenyl-1-propyne) (PPP) have been determined. Solubilities of propane and n-butane increased as the PTMSP content in the blends increased. This result is consistent with the higher free volume of PTMSP-rich blends and the better thermodynamic compatibility between PTMSP and these hydrocarbons. Propane and n-butane sorption isotherms were well described by the dual-mode model for sorption in glassy polymers. PTMSP/PPP blends are strongly phase-separated, heterogeneous materials. A noninteracting domain model developed for sorption in phase-separated glassy polymer blends suggests that sorption in the Henry's law regions (i.e., the equilibrium, dense phase of the blends) is consistent with the model. However, Langmuir capacity parameters in the blends are lower than predicted from the domain model, suggesting that the amount of nonequilibrium excess free volume associated with the Langmuir sites depends on blend composition. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Porous Structure of Composites

NMR and the sorption method were used to study the structure of composites based on ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene and peat (filler).__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1006–1009.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Grebennikov, Smotrina, Anan’eva, Kuznetsov.     

Sorption rate and thermal barriers in a gas-zeolite system: investigation of n-hexane sorption in MFI-type zeolite

The nonequilibrium gravimetric sorption method was used to determine diffusion coefficient values for n-hexane in MFI-type materials. Improvements in the measurement device and experimental conditions resulted in high values of the corrected diffusion coefficient, which are comparable to the literature data obtained by the methods of pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) and frequency response (FR). The results indicate that thermal effects of sorption affect practically neither the rate of the sorption nor the diffusion coefficient.     

Sorption Purification of Aqueous Ammonium Molybdate To Remove Tungsten Impurities with a Cation Exchanger Containing Pyrocatechol Functional Groups

The sorption of molybdenum(VI) and tungsten(VI) from weakly alkaline and neutral solutions with PK-S cation exchanger containing pyrocatechol functional groups was studied. The possibility of selective recovery of tungsten(VI) impurities from aqueous ammonium molybdate with PK-S resin was examined.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 3, 2005, pp. 425–427.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Blokhin, Kaloshina, Lyubman, Murashkin.     

Determination of Trace Noble Metals in Natural Samples Using Hyphenated Methods

An approach was proposed to analyzing platinum-containing materials. It involves the high-temperature dissolution of samples in acids under the action of microwave radiation, the sorption preconcentration of noble metals on complexing adsorbents, and their instrumental determination after the microwave dissolution of the concentrate.__________Translated from Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii, Vol. 60, No. 5, 2005, pp. 536–541.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kubrakova, Myasoedova, Shumskaya, Kudinova, Zakharchenko, Mokhodoeva.     

Specific Features of Glucoamylase Immobilization by Adsorption on Fibrous Polyelectrolytes

Some fundamental aspects of the immobilization of a hydrolytic enzyme glucoamylase via adsorption on aminocarboxylic ion-exchangers with fibrous structure were considered. The sorption capacity of amphoteric supports for the enzyme was studied in relation to the time of immobilization, concentration of hydrogen ions and the protein, and the ionic form of a polyelectrolyte. The catalytic properties of free and immobilized enzymes were compared.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1003–1005.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Shkutina, Stoyanova, Selemenev.     

Sorption of Light Fullerenes (C<Subscript>60</Subscript> and C<Subscript>70</Subscript>) on Materials Prepared by Sublimation of Graphite Rods

Sorption of fullerenes C₆₀ and C₇₀ from o-xylene, toluene, and o-dichlorobenzene solutions under static conditions on a sorbent prepared by sublimation of graphite rods was studied. The sorption isotherms of both fullerenes at 25°C were measured.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 345–346.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Semenov, Arapov, Charykov, Nekrasov, Alekhin, Gerasimov, Seregin.     

Estimation of Sorption Parameters of Solids by Means of Derivatograph Q

Derivatograph Q-1500D was completed with a partial vapour pressure control unit in order to study the sorption phenomena. The proposed arrangement allows to perform time consuming experiments at ambient atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 10–200°C.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A Study of the Competitive Equilibrium in Ion Exchange of Calcium(II) on Zirconium Phosphate in Multicomponent Salt Solutions

A sorption technology for stabilization of multicomponent salt solutions (wines) subject to calcium clouding is being developed on the basis of an inorganic cation-exchanger of Termoksid-3A brand. In this connection the ion-exchange equilibrium on a zirconium(IV) phosphate of Termoksid-3A brand in multicomponent solutions at pH 2.5 – 3.0 was studied. The selectivity series of the sorbent were determined in relation to the solution composition.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 235–239.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Borovkov, Sharygin.     

A molecular dynamics computer simulation study of room-temperature ionic liquids. II. Equilibrium and nonequilibrium solvation dynamics

The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of solvation structure and free energetics in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate using a probe solute in the preceding article [Y. Shim, M. Y. Choi and H. J. Kim, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 044510 (2005)] is extended to investigate dynamic properties of these liquids. Solvent fluctuation dynamics near equilibrium are studied via MD and associated time-dependent friction is analyzed via the generalized Langevin equation. Nonequilibrium solvent relaxation following an instantaneous change in the solute charge distribution and accompanying solvent structure reorganization are also investigated. Both equilibrium and nonequilibrium solvation dynamics are characterized by at least two vastly different time scales--a subpicosecond inertial regime followed by a slow diffusive regime. Solvent regions contributing to the subpicosecond nonequilibrium relaxation are found to vary significantly with initial solvation configurations, especially near the solute. If the solvent density near the solute is sufficiently high at the outset of the relaxation, subpicosecond dynamics are mainly governed by the motions of a few ions close to the solute. By contrast, in the case of a low local density, solvent ions located not only close to but also relatively far from the solute participate in the subpicosecond relaxation. Despite this difference, linear response holds reasonably well in both ionic liquids.