腙类化合物的合成

芳醛和取代肼经亲核加成 消去反应合成了5个腙类化合物(3a~3e),其中香兰素腙(3a)为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和元素分析表征。     

新型小茴香酮双腙化合物的合成研究

以小茴香酮和水合肼为原料合成小茴香酮单腙(1),然后与芳香醛、脂肪酮等发生缩合反应合成一系列新型小茴香酮双腙(2a～2m)。探讨了不对称双腙类化合物的合成方法,并对所合成的产物通过IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和MS进行了鉴定和表征。     

水杨酰腙与磷酰二氯的缩合反应

一些水杨酸的衍生物具有生物活性早有报道.本文研究水杨酰腙与硫代磷酰二氯或磷酰二氯缩合时可能发生的不同关环方式,并通过对反应产物的生物活性测定寻找有效的杀菌剂. 我们发现,在三乙胺存在下水杨酰腙1与硫代磷酰二氯2在四氢呋喃中反应主要以酮式关环生成3类化合物,而与磷酰二氯反应则主要以烯醇式关环生成4类化合物.     

2,4,6-三甲基氧苯乙酮苯腙的成环反应

为了研究吲哚衍生物的生理活性与结构之间的关系, 我们采用 Fischer反应取代苯乙酮的苯腙与多聚磷酸(PPA)一起加热, 合成了一系列2-芳基吲哚。我们发现: 当取代苯乙酮分子中的芳基分别为2,3,4-三甲氧基苯基, 3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基或4,6-二甲基-2-甲氧基苯基时, 可以顺利地得到相应的2-芳基吲哚, 当芳基为2,4,6-三-甲氧基苯基时, 主要产物为4,6-二甲氧基-3-甲基-1-苯基吲唑。本文讨论了反应机理。     

三氯异氰尿酸促进下腙的氯化反应研究

以三氯异氰尿酸为氯源,探索了腙和三氟乙醛芳腙的氯化反应,高产率地得到了一系列氯代芳腙和三氟乙酰氯芳腙化合物.该方法具有反应条件温和,反应时间短,易于操作,氯源稳定、价格低廉等特点,提供了一种高效合成氯代芳腙及三氟乙酰氯芳腙的新方法.     

丹皮酚腙类化合物的合成及其抗菌活性

根据拼接原理将活性基团腙引入中药活性成分丹皮酚中对其结构进行修饰,以丹皮酚为原料,与80%水合肼在乙醇中反应得到中间体丹皮酚腙(2),然后与芳香醛反应合成了10个芳甲叉基丹皮酚腙(3a-3j),其结构经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和ESI-MS表征。采用二倍稀释法测定目标化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),结果表明:大部分化合物金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌表现出较好的抑菌活性,特别是化合物3i对金黄色葡萄球菌的的MIC为2μg·mL~(-1),优于阳性对照药环丙沙星。     

线性扫描伏安法研究美托拉腙与DNA的相互作用

在NaOH(pH 10.0)介质中,美托拉腙分别在-1.810 V和-2.075 V处具有2个还原峰,DNA的加入导致美托拉腙的2个还原峰峰电位正移,峰电流下降,表明美托拉腙与DNA之间发生了相互作用,形成了非电活性的化合物.考察了时间、温度、扫描速率、离子强度等条件对该相互作用的影响;结合DNA对美托拉腙紫外吸收光谱的影响,推断美托拉腙分子与DNA分子的相互作用是通过嵌插方式结合.在优化条件下,反应体系在-2.075 V处的还原峰电流I_(pa)与DNA的质量浓度在6 ～36 mg/L范围内呈较好的线性关系,相关系数为0.994 8,检出限为3 mg/L;通过对反应机制的研究,得到美托拉腙与DNA间的结合常数β为1.334×10~4 L/mol,结合数为2.     

腙类配位化合物的研究——Ⅰ.乙酰基一和1,1′—二乙酰基二茂铁苯甲酰腙及其过渡金属螯合物的制备和性质

制备了两个二茂铁基芳酰基腙:乙酰基二茂铁苯甲酰腙,FcCMe=NNHCOC_6H_5(HL~Ⅰ)和1,1′--二乙酰基二茂铁苯甲酰腙,Fe(C_5H_4CMe=NNHCOC_6H_5)_2(H_2L~Ⅱ)。HL~Ⅰ和H_2L~Ⅱ与过渡金屑醋酸盐反应,得到两种螯合物:ML_2~Ⅰ和ML~Ⅱ[M=Co(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)]。对这些螯合物的元素分析,差热热重分析、IR、UV及~1HNMR谱进行了详细讨论。     

钌(Ⅱ)异烟酰腙配合物的合成、表征及生物活性研究

以cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4]和异烟酰腙类化合物反应,合成4个[Ru(Ⅱ)Cl2(DMSO)2L1～4]型配合物(DMSO为二甲基亚砜,L1～4分别为吡啶-4-基甲醛异烟腙、对甲氧基苯甲醛异烟腙、呋喃-2-基甲醛异烟腙和对硝基苯甲醛异烟腙)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对配合物进行表征。利用循环伏安法研究了配合物的电化学性质,并用打孔琼脂扩散法和MTT法分别对配合物的抑菌效果和对人肺癌细胞株A549的抑制活性进行了初步研究。     

苯并[h]喹啉腙类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

喹啉类衍生物、芳腙以及酰腙类化合物都具有显著的生物活性,以1-萘胺、取代苯甲醛和丙酮酸甲酯为起始原料经Doebner-Miller反应生成苯并[h]喹啉甲酸甲酯,酯还原后再氧化得到相应的醛.取代苯并[h]喹啉甲醛分别与肼盐和酰肼反应合成苯并[h]喹啉腙及酰腙类化合物.初步活性数据表明大部分化合物对细胞周期分裂蛋白25B (CDC 25B)和蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶PTP 1B表现出较显著的抑制活性.     

壳聚糖氧化自组装膜的制备及其性能

由高碘酸钠和壳聚糖溶液反应,成功制备出壳聚糖氧化自组装膜。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线衍射法对氧化自组装膜进行了结构表征,并对膜的吸水率及其力学性能进行了测试。当壳聚糖为3 g,而高碘酸钠加入量等于0.010 g时,得到壳聚糖氧化自组装膜的最佳的抗张强度,干膜为54.32 MPa,湿膜为29.11 MPa,相对壳聚糖膜分别提高了17.52%和26.78%;并且得到了最佳的阻水性,其吸水率为78.51%,相对于壳聚糖膜降低了6.88%。     

Combination of LC-ICP-MS, LC-MS and NMR for investigation of the oxidative degradation of selenomethionine

Selenomethionine (SeMet) was oxidized by heating an acidic solution with hydrogen peroxide. Samples were taken before and during the oxidation process. The oxidation products were separated by cation exchange chromatography followed by ICP-MS detection to identify the selenium containing compounds as well as electrospray ionization MS detection to determine the masses of the degradation products. Furthermore, the samples were analyzed by ⁷⁷Se-NMR. The first appearing degradation product was selenomethionine selenoxide, which was converted via the deaminated selenoxide to methane seleninic acid and selenite.     

聚乙烯表面接枝聚合改性及抗凝血性的研究

聚乙烯(PE)膜经Ar等离子体预处理,无光引发剂紫外光照接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA),然后进行肝素化处理,以改善PE的抗凝血性能。用正交实验确定接枝反应的最优条件。通过X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和接触角测定PE膜接枝GMA前后表面性能和表面形貌。用复钙时间、凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间和血小板粘附实验对其抗凝血性能进行评价,结果表明,被修饰PE膜的抗凝血性能显著提高。     

Synthesis of colloids and films of Pr, Er and Yb with nonaqueous solvents

Colloidal dispersions of Yb, Er and Pr have been prepared by chemical liquid deposition. The metals were cocondensed at 77 K with 2-methoxyethanol and ethanol to produce solvated metal atoms. The particle size of the dispersions was determined by transmission electron microscopy to range from 52 to 1080 Å; the particles had spherical shapes. After solvent evaporation under vacuum, active solids and amorphous powder were deposited over Cu and Al metal. Dispersion stability, particle size, UV/Vis absorption and zeta potential were studied. The solids prepared by solvent evaporation were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The films prepared on Al were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The most stable colloid was obtained using 2-methoxyethanol: several concentrations were stable for several months and the zeta potential indicated that this colloid stability is mainly due to solvation effects. FTIR spectroscopy of the solids indicated solvent incorporation in the film. This observation was corroborated by thermal analysis. Information on the thermal stability of the films was obtained by TGA. The UV/Vis absorption spectrum was measured at several concentrations under different conditions.     

微波适用塑料食品保鲜膜/袋组分的总迁移量测定方法的对比

从超市选购15种微波适用塑料食品保鲜膜或袋作为样品,应用EN 1186-13-2002和GB/T 5009.156-2003两种标准方法中所述方法对样品在存放脂肪类食品时其组分迁移至食品中的总量做了测定。试验中用橄榄油和正己烷作为模拟食品,GB/T标准方法的检测结果表明:15种样品均属合格产品,而EN标准方法的检测结果表明在此15种样品中有4种属不合格,其合格率为73.3%。为探究两种方法所得结果存在差异的原因,采用红外光谱法(IR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)及热失重法(TG)3种测试方法对上述样品作进一步研究。结果发现不合格的样品中含填料较高。此外,EN标准方法中所采用的样品预处理条件与实际使用情况更为接近。     

Preparation of Hybrid Nanocapsules

Hybrid nanoparticles with a polystyrene core and a hybrid copolymer shell were used to produce hybrid nanocapsules by dissolving the polystyrene core from the previously elaborated core-shell particles. Following previous works, the core-shell particles were prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene and subsequent addition of γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (MPS) to produce the shell by copolymerization reaction of MPS with the residual styrene. Core extraction was performed by diluting the core-shell particles in an excess of tetrahydrofuran (THF). Two procedures were investigated to separate the dissolved polymer chains from the nanocapsules. In the first procedure, the polymer was isolated by successive centrifugation and redispersion in THF, whereas in the second procedure, the free polymer chains were removed by dialysis. The polymer molecular weight was optimized in order to promote dissolution of the polymer chains and allow them to diffuse through the shell.     

A Comparative Study of Pigments from the Wall Paintings of Two Greek Byzantine Churches

The goal of this study was to characterize pigments used in the murals of two Byzantine churches, from Kastoria, northern Greece. The identification of the iconographer was also investigated by comparing the pigments applied in the wall paintings of the churches. Pigment microsamples of various colors were collected and analyzed by environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy dispersive system to characterize the elemental composition. Raman spectroscopy was employed to collect molecular spectra for characterization of mineralogical phases. Hematite, cinnabar, and minium were identified in red surfaces. Brown and yellow colors were assigned to mixtures of iron oxides, iron hydroxides, and calcite. Mixtures of iron, lead, and mercury compounds were used to produce different hues in the murals. Black tones were prepared primarily using charcoal and bone black. Grey colors were produced by a mixture of black carbon with calcite; blue hues, by a mixture of iron oxides, calcite, and black carbon. The minerals used were similar for both churches. However, the green color was prepared either by green earth or mixtures of iron oxides and calcite. A modern pigment, lithopone, was also determined, demonstrating restoration or overpainting and thus complicating possible correlations. Based on these preliminary results, the wall paintings could not be ascribed to a specific iconographer.     

红紫素-18酰亚胺衍生物的合成及其可见光谱的研究

选择脱镁叶绿酸 a甲酯为原料进行 3 位化学修饰和E环改造 .经 3 乙烯基的溴化氢加成和与联苯酚的亲核取代反应 ,完成了 3 位联苯氧基的引入 ;在碱性条件下 ,通过空气氧化将E环转变为环己二羧酸酐形成红紫素 18甲酯衍生物 ;所得氧化产物进而和盐酸羟胺反应 ,经胺解开环和再缩合成环构成N 羟基红紫素 18酰亚胺衍生物 ;对其羟基进行烷基化和酰基化 ,合成出N 取代红紫素 18酰亚胺衍生物 .同时讨论了化学结构变化对分子可见光谱的影响 .所合成新化合物的结构均经UV ,IR ,1 HNMR光谱和元素分析予以确认     

Li-LSX沸石中阳离子分布与空分性能的研究

利用静态交换与动态柱交换的方法对低硅KNaX沸石进行Li~+交换．用XRD， ICP测定样品的晶相及化学红外光谱对LSX在Li~+交换中的骨架振动进行了研究．结 果表明：在Li~+交换过程中，谱峰的位移与本身性质有关，而且与LSX骨架中的离 子位置有关．还探讨了在高交换度的Li-LSX样品上的空分性能布的关系．     

Chemometrical investigation of the presence and distribution of organochlorine and polyaromatic compounds in sediments of the Ebro River Basin

A multivariate statistical data analysis, using principal component analysis, of historical data from 1996 to 2003 concerning the concentration of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine compounds in sediment samples from different sampling sites of the Ebro River Basin was performed under the UE funded project AQUATERRA. Three major contamination sources were identified and their composition and distribution profiles were resolved. The first contamination profile was mostly loaded by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the second contamination profile was loaded by some organochlorine compounds and the third contamination profile was more specifically loaded by naphthalene. Samples from the different geographical regions of the Ebro River Basin were grouped according to the contamination described by these three major profiles.