Photoluminescence properties of heat-treated porous alumina films formed in oxalic acid

Photoluminescence and optical properties of as-anodized and heat-treated at 500 °C porous alumina films formed in a 0.3 M oxalic acid at 40 V have been studied. The FTIR indicates that the oxalate ions are embedded in the anodic alumina as chelating bidentate structures and further heating up to 500 °C does not cause any change in ion coordination. The results of time-resolved spectroscopy show the presence of two luminescence centers both in the as-anodized and heat-treated anodic alumina films with lifetimes of about 0.25 and 4.0 ns. The F⁺-centers in anodic alumina are responsible for the luminescence peak at about 420 nm, with a lifetime of about 4.0 ns. The luminescence peak at about 480 nm, with lifetime of about 0.25 ns, can be attributed to the luminescence of carboxylate ions existing in bulk of anodic alumina.     

微生物胞外聚合物对重金属镉的解毒作用及红外光谱分析

为探索微生物胞外物在微生物对重金属的抗性和去除过程中的作用,比较分析了对重金属镉具有不同抗性和去除率的菌株SCSE425-7和SCSE709-6胞外物的产生情况和菌株的红外光谱谱图。结果表明,在含镉条件培养时,菌株SCSE425-7表现了较高的镉抗性,分泌了相对较多的可溶性胞外多糖;而菌株SCSE709-6镉抗性较SCSE425-7低,但镉的生物去除性能较好,分泌了更多不可溶胞外聚合物。这说明,在重金属毒性胁迫下,微生物分泌的可溶性胞外多糖可能有助于提高微生物对重金属的抗性,而不可溶性胞外聚合物有助于重金属的微生物吸附。菌株红外光谱分析结果表明不可溶胞外聚合物上的酰胺基和羧基是其吸附镉离子的主要官能团。     

FTIR结合热重(差热)技术对红壤地区大豆铝毒害的鉴定

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR), 结合热重和差热分析对不同铝浓度下的大豆根系进行了研究。结果表明, 在60和90 mg·L-1的铝液处理下,大豆根系的铝含量较高,达到显著铝毒害水平。在相同的波数范围内,不同铝浓度下其红外谱图的性状、波数及吸收峰的数目有所不同,3 300, 2 930, 1 542和721 cm-1下的吸收峰可作为鉴定大豆铝毒害的特征峰。3 300和2 930 cm-1特征峰在高浓度(60和90 mg·L-1)的铝毒害下明显高于其他浓度特征峰,1 542 cm-1的酰胺Ⅱ带特征峰在90 mg·L-1下没有显现, 721 cm-1吸收峰带却在Al 60和90 mg·L-1浓度下有表现。不同铝浓度下的热重(TG)和差热(DT)曲线在400～500 ℃温度范围内差别最大,TG曲线在大于30 mg·L-1的铝处理下与空白相比的质量损失减少,表明铝处理可能使根系木质化加重,产生难以燃烧的物质;DT曲线在60和90 mg·L-1的铝处理下出现双峰,可作为大豆铝毒害的鉴定标志之一。由此,FTIR结合热重(差热)技术可以用来鉴定红壤地区大豆的铝毒害。     

傅里叶变换红外光谱与拉曼光谱分析碳青霉烯药物亚胺培南的结构特征

本文采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱对碳青霉烯药物亚胺培南进行光谱检测,并对其的分子振动光谱与结构特征进行分析和探讨,分析了亚胺培南在固相状态下的结构形式,从而为药物合成及质量控制提供了重要的参考价值。     

FTIR光谱方法对比分析少年和老年软骨成分含量

利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱方法测量了少年和老年人软骨的红外光谱。由OMNIC 5.2软件计算了软骨中主要有机成分(胶原)和无机成分相关光谱带的积分面积。对代表有机物和无机物的某些谱带面积大小进行了比较。结果表明：软骨中有机成分(酰氨Ⅰ)含量与无机成分(PO3-₄)含量之比少年是老年人的5～7倍;然而脂类含量却有很大的不同, 对脂类(1 747 cm-1)与无机物(PO3-₄)的谱带积分面积进行比较,老年人软骨中脂类含量明显高于少年。作者认为人体随着年龄的增加,全身性的退化在软骨中的总体表现为有机成分(胶原)的减少(而脂类含量却增加)和无机成分(磷酸盐、碳酸盐等)相对的增加,使得软骨骨质变脆,失去过多弹性,耐磨性减低,是进一步容易导致骨病和骨伤的原因。     

Optical absorption and spectrophotometric studies on the optical constants and dielectric of poly (o-toluidine) (POT) films grown by spin coating deposition

In this work, a poly(o-toluidine) “POT” was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method in aqueous media. High uniform and good adhesion thin films of POT have been successfully deposited by the spin coating technique. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The XRD pattern of the POT shows the semi-crystalline nature of the films. FTIR studies show the information of functional groups in POT. The optical transmittance and reflectance of POT film was measured in the 200–2500 nm wavelength range. The absorption coefficient analysis shows that the optical band gaps of POT film are direct allowed transition band gaps with 1.2 and 2.6 eV. Other optical absorption parameters such as extinction molar coefficient, oscillator strength and electric dipole strength were also calculated. The dispersion parameters were determined and discussed based on the single oscillator model. According to the analysis of dispersion curves some important parameters such as dispersion energy (E_d), oscillator energy (E_o), high frequency dielectric constant ₍ε_∞) and lattice dielectric constant (ε_L) were also evaluated. Discussion of the obtained results and their comparison with the previous published data were also given. The obtained desirable results of POT thin film can be useful for the optoelectronic applications.     

红外吸收光谱快速评估脲甲醛肥效的可行性

目前国内外对脲甲醛肥料肥效的快速评价方法均采用基于脲甲醛水溶性的活度系数法,但不同国家和地区具体的操作规程和技术指标不尽相同,究其原因在于活度系数法的局限性。脲甲醛肥料的养分释放速率与脲甲醛结构有直接的关系,与其在不同温度水溶液中的溶解性没有直接关联,因此从脲甲醛结构入手研究其养分释放更为合理。通过考察傅里叶变换红外光谱评估不同水分、尿素量和甲醛存放时间三个因素下尿素与甲醛产物结构的可行性,以寻求一种新的脲甲醛肥效评价方法。研究了不同反应条件下产物红外吸收光谱图、产物生成量和酸性环境下不同尿素加入量反应产物养分释放间的关系。谱图能够反映出反应过程中不同的水分和尿素加入量及甲醛存放时间对特征基团吸收峰相对强弱产生的细微变化,通过这些变化可以判断脲甲醛组成变化。这些判断能够从产物的量得到印证,同时土培试验的结果也进一步证实通过红外谱图判断的正确性。以上研究结果表明用红外吸收光谱研究脲甲醛结构的细微变化是可行的,如果将脲甲醛红外光谱的细微变化与其在土壤中养分释放情况间建立起相应的数学模型,将为脲甲醛肥料肥效准确、快速评估提供一个新的手段。     

Improvement of photoluminescence properties of porous silicon by silica passivation

Porous silicon (PS) was passivated by silica film using a sol-gel method; the photoluminescence (PL) properties were significantly improved; namely, PL intensity and stability increased and PL peak shifted to shorter wavelength. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscope (FTIR) results indicated that silica passivation produced a compact film on the PS surface and modified the surface state of PS. The number of stable surface bonds (HSiO₃, HSiSiO₂ and H₂SiO₂) increased due to the oxidation of SiH back-bonds during the gelation process, and thus the PL intensity and stability were improved. Moreover, the blue-shift of PL peak was determined due to the increase in the ratio of SiO/SiH.     

Effect of swift heavy ion irradiation on thermal,optical and structural properties of poly vinylidene chloride

Poly vinylidene chloride (PVDC) irradiated with lithium (50 MeV), carbon (85 MeV), nickel (120 MeV) and silver ions (120 MeV) having fluence range of 1 × 10¹¹ ions/cm² to 3 × 10¹² ions/cm² have been studied using different techniques i.e. XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), UV–Visible and TGA (thermo-gravimetric analysis). In XRD analysis, the intensity of diffraction peaks of PVDC irradiated with lithium ions was enhanced at lower fluence as compared to pristine. The shift in optical absorption edge in irradiated PVDC was correlated with the decrease in optical band gap energy. The distinguishable characteristic peaks were observed due to UV–Vis analysis, in lithium irradiated samples of PVDC at higher fluences. The % age decrease in optical band gap energy for the respective ions were 30.9%, 34.16%, 81.1%, 87.02% respectively. Formation of double carbon bonds and breaking of C–O and C–Cl bonds with the release of Cl in irradiated PVDC was observed in FTIR spectra. In Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the % age weight loss observed for irradiated samples with increase in ion fluence was lesser than the % age weight loss observed in pristine sample.     

脉冲等离子体推力器羽流沉积薄膜的结构与光学性质研究

为了研究脉冲等离子体推力器羽流污染特性,把握脉冲等离子体推力器羽流沉积薄膜性质,利用质谱仪对推力器羽流残余气体成分进行了分析,利用红外傅里叶光谱、光电子能谱及紫外可见光分光光度计对推力器羽流区阴极侧不同方位角处沉积薄膜的结构及光学性质进行了诊断研究结果表明,推力器羽流中主要存在C,F,CF,CF2和CF3气体分子;在各方位角处脉冲等离子体推力器羽流沉积生成了低氟碳比碳氟薄膜;沉积薄膜微观结构以30°角为界在羽流不同区域中具有不同的变化趋势;羽流沉积薄膜具有对波长小于500 nm的光低透射率及增强反射率的光学特性,受薄膜性质的影响,其光学特性具有极大的角度依赖性.     

支持向量回归在葡萄酒红外定量分析中的应用

近年来,基于朗伯-比尔定律和化学计量学的红外光谱定量分析方法发展十分迅速。其中,选择合适的预处理方法和有效的校正模型是定量分析成功的关键。选取30个葡萄酒样品,运用红外光谱结合向量回归算法SVR,对葡萄酒乳酸、酒石酸、乙酸异戊酯、3-甲基-1-丁醇进行了红外含量预测。选用标准归一化、基线校正以及异常样本点剔除三种谱图预处理方法,结合支持向量回归算法。实验结果表明该方法行之有效,计算值与标准值间的相对误差可被控制在5%以内。该方法可应用于葡萄酒中代表性物质含量的定量分析检测。     

Synthesis and characterization of Cr doped CdS nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone

Undoped and Cr (2 and 4 at.%) doped CdS nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous solution by simple chemical co-precipitation method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer. The prepared nanoparticles were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD pattern of the nanoparticles showed cubic zincblende phase with the particle size of the order of 3-4 nm, which was in good agreement with the results obtained from TEM studies. The EDAX analysis confirmed that Cd, Cr and S elements were present in the samples and the variations between the target and actual compositions were microscopic. UV-vis DRS spectra of the samples exhibited decrease in the band gap which further attests the incorporation of Cr into CdS nanoparticles. FTIR studies revealed that the undoped as well as Cr doped CdS nanoparticles were capped by polyvinylpyrrolidone.     

三七炮制前后的红外光谱分析研究

采用红外光谱并结合二维相关红外光谱法对生三七和熟三七进行了研究,分析比较三七炮制前后化学成分的变化。在一维红外谱图上,生三七和熟三七在1 200~400cm-1波段内的相似度较高,不同的是熟三七在2 925,2 855,1 746,1 460,1 376,1 158cm-1出现了花生油的特征峰,这是由于采用煎炸法炮制三七所残留的花生油所引起的。两者药效组分的特征差异在二维相关红外谱图上显示得更为明显和直观,在1 400~1 700cm-1区域,生三七仅在1 650cm-1附近有一个强自动峰,而熟三七在1 469和1 640cm-1附近均有自动峰。在1 120~1 250cm-1区域,生三七和熟三七共有1 139(1 137),1 194(1 196),1 219(1 221)cm-1三个自动峰,不同的是各自动峰的相对强度发生了变化,生三七经炮制后1 139cm-1峰的增强,而1 194cm-1峰减弱。二维相关红外光谱的变化规律说明了三七药材在炮制的过程中发生的主要变化是黄酮、糖类、皂苷等成分的分解。该方法揭示了三七在炮制过程中所发生的物理化学变化过程,从红外光谱的角度解释了三七"生消熟补"的药理。     

铬诱导植物根细胞壁化学成分变化的FTIR表征

随着制革、电镀等行业的发展,铬污染已成为严重的环境问题而受到人们的关注。铬在植物体内主要积累于根部,植物根细胞壁化学变化与金属元素在植物体内的蓄积行为有密切关系。与其他方法比较,应用OMNI采样器-FTIR直接测定法表征细胞化学成分变化具有简便、快速和准确的优点。文章用FTIR对凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes)和空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)根细胞壁进行了测定、分析和指认,并利用半定量分析方法研究了铬处理和对照处理下根细胞壁红外光谱的差异。结果表明,铬处理的凤眼莲和空心莲子草根细胞壁上的—OH向低频分别发生了20和6 cm-1的位移,同时凤眼莲的根细胞壁上—OH和自由羧基COO-等吸附位点数目较对照均有所增加,而空心莲子草则相反。说明这些基团与铬的结合密切相关,进一步解释了凤眼莲耐铬及其在根部积累铬的机理,说明FTIR在监测逆境诱导植物化学成分变化和环境绿色修复方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

生物柴油发动机非常规排放的FTIR检测

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱FTIR,研究了汽车发动机燃用生物柴油的非常规排放物。所用燃料分别为纯柴油、纯生物柴油、生物柴油掺混比为20%的B20混合燃料。结果表明,该机燃用纯柴油和B20燃油的甲醛排放差别不大,纯生物柴油的甲醛排放则明显高于柴油。燃用B20燃油的乙醛排放略低于纯柴油;纯生物柴油的乙醛排放在中低负荷低于纯柴油,在高负荷时高于柴油及B20燃油。燃用B20燃油和纯生物柴油的丙酮排放要高于柴油,但排放量均较低。随着生物柴油掺混比例的增加,发动机甲苯和二氧化硫均呈逐渐下降趋势,纯生物柴油的二氧化硫排放大幅降低。燃用生物柴油后,发动机的二氧化碳排放有所降低,表明了生物柴油有利于温室气体的控制。     

黄土区金盏菊幼苗对Pb/Cd次生非生物胁迫响应的红外光谱研究

植物修复法是重金属污染场地修复的重要手段,这种"绿色修复技术"得到了学者们的广泛关注和期待。在重金属胁迫条件下,植物自身会出现相应的响应反映,进而逐渐适应并有效减缓重金属的直接毒害作用。这种微尺度的调控行为往往多维度和不可见,需要借助精密仪器分析技术加以剖析。现阶段,相关方面的研究还略显欠缺。以黄土修复植物金盏菊幼苗为研究对象,分析Pb/Cd复合胁迫对其表观形貌的影响,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)识别其地下和地上部分样本的官能团性质,初步推断金盏菊对Pb/Cd胁迫的响应途径和耐受机制。研究表明:随着Pb/Cd胁迫程度的加剧,金盏菊根冠弯曲萎缩,根毛数量明显减少,而其地上部分形貌差异很小。Pb/Cd胁迫对金盏菊幼苗地下和地上部分的FTIR图谱影响较大:3 573cm~(-1)附近的—OH峰强减弱且发生移动,随着Pb/Cd胁迫浓度的增加,峰形更趋复杂化;这表明Pb/Cd与—OH间存在配位结合效应,Pb/Cd胁迫干扰了有机物的合成和分泌。饱和C—H振动峰整体红移,可能与细胞膜的膜脂氧化程度有关。1 631和1 574 cm~(-1)处吸收峰强下降,说明与之关联的蛋白质组分特性可能有异。1 385 cm~(-1)处峰位有所偏移,推测金盏菊通过改变果胶质和油脂的甲基化程度,完成细胞组织对Pb/Cd胁迫的"直接排斥→逐步适应→增强抗逆性"的过程转变。FTIR对于识别土壤重金属的植物修复机制具有重要指导意义。     

Controlling surface states and photoluminescence of porous silicon by low-energy-ion irradiation

Porous silicon (PS) was irradiated by three kinds of low-energy ions with different chemical activity, namely argon ions, nitrogen ions and oxygen ions. The chemical activity of ions has significant effect on the surface states and photoluminescence (PL) properties of PS, The photoluminescence quenching after argon ions and nitrogen ions irradiation is ascribed to the broken Si-Si bonds, while the PL recovery is attributed to the oxidation of Si-H back bonds. Oxygen ions irradiation leads to the formation of a SiO_x layer with oxygen defects and PS shows different PL evolution than PS irradiated by argon ions and nitrogen ions.     

采用FTIR技术研究高压处理对冻干大豆分离蛋白构象的影响

采用傅里叶转换红外光谱技术(FTIR)研究了高压(HP)处理对冷冻干燥的大豆分离蛋白(SPI)构象的影响。在SPI的去卷积FTIR光谱的酰胺Ⅰ′区域(1 600～1 700 cm-1),观察到12个与蛋白构象相关的红外吸收峰,分别对应于CO键伸缩振动与肽键的C—N伸缩振动。通过对该区域的峰强度与波数分析显示,压力为200～400 MPa的HP处理导致SPI在该区域的峰发生明显的“红移”(约2 cm-1),强度也显著增加。更高的HP处理进一步增强了SPI的酰胺Ⅰ′区域的峰强度。对酰胺Ⅱ峰分析显示,HP处理导致酰胺Ⅱ峰(如1 560～1 500 cm-1)的强度、面积逐渐增加(与压力呈正相关)。以上分析显示,HP处理导致SPI的二级与三级结构逐渐打开,然而变性蛋白的结构在高压释放后经历一个“重构过程”。     

应用红外光谱法鉴别肉苁蓉及其混淆品草苁蓉和锁阳

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法结合二维相关分析技术分别对药用植物肉苁蓉及其混淆品草苁蓉、锁阳进行了鉴别研究.结果表明,三者的红外光谱图表现出了一定的差异性:肉苁蓉在1 730和931 cm-1有吸收峰,草苁蓉在1 510,1 375,1 266 cm-1处存在吸收峰,锁阳的最高峰位于1 614cm-1处.在二阶导数谱图上三者差异更加明显:肉苁蓉在1 453,1 336,931,892 cm-1处都有较强的吸收峰.其中931 cm-1处的吸收峰较尖锐,强度也最强;草从蓉的最强峰位于1 509 cm-1,并且1 633和1 161 cm-1处的吸收峰明显变宽,强度也变大;锁阳在1 682cm-1处有较尖锐的吸收峰,1 605 cm-1附近的吸收峰强度也较大.二维红外谱图不但差别明显,而且直观.三者提取物的红外光谱同样存在显著差异.应用该方法能够实现肉苁蓉药材与混淆品的快速、准确鉴别.     

生态技术栽培黄连的红外指纹图谱分析与表征

分析研究不同的遮荫条件(人工棚架、杉树林下、玉米林下等)和不同的生长年限(1～5年)栽培黄连的红外光谱的“指纹特征”,凭借直观而相对量化的红外特征峰的相对强度来阐明对黄连生长影响的整体变化规律,确定生态技术栽培黄连药材的可行性。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术(FTIR),从分子水平上快速准确无损地检测由于生长环境的不同而影响黄连生长的原因。遮荫条件不同对黄连根茎的整体质量无明显影响。生长年限对黄连药材中盐酸小檗碱的含量略有影响, 与HPLC的测定结果基本吻合。生态技术栽培黄连与传统人工搭棚方式栽培黄连其质量基本上是一致的。这一方法和技术对道地药材的规范化种植具有指导意义。