无容器过程中Pd-Ni-P系合金的过冷及金属玻璃形成

在1.2m落管中对Pd_43.5Ni_43.5P₁₃和Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀合金进行了无容器过冷实验。通过在落管中充以不同的惰性气体,从而调节过冷液滴的散热条件,研究了冷却速率对于Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀合金的玻璃形成、晶体成核和长大的影响。确定了在落管中形成玻璃的临界冷却速率。此外,液滴下落以前的初始温度也与玻璃形 关键词：     

重力及微重力条件下Pd40Ni40P20合金凝固组织中溶质原子的分布特征

研究了Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀合金在重力（1g）及微重力（μg）条件下凝固组织中溶质原子的分布．与重力条件相比，微重力条件下凝固的样品组织中，初生相的P含量较低，而Pｄ的含量较高；共晶区域内的平均P含量较高而平均Pｄ含量较低．深入分析初生树枝晶一次枝晶间距Ｌ与冷却率υ以及固液界面前沿液相中溶质综合输运系数D的相互关系，发现地面条件下的固液界面前沿液相中溶质综合输运系数D_1g比空间的D_μg大1.7倍． 关键词：     

粉末状态对激光立体成形Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5块体非晶合金晶化行为的影响

基于金属熔体结构的遗传性, 激光熔池的快速熔凝导致粉末的晶化状态可能会对最终成形件的晶化产生重要影响, 理清其影响规律对于制备大块非晶合金具有重要意义. 本文选取等离子旋转电极法所制粉末和1000 K退火态粉末为沉积材料, 采用激光立体成形技术沉积Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅块体非晶合金, 考察了粉末中已有晶化相对熔池及热影响区晶化行为的影响. 结果发现, 原始粉末组织由非晶相及粗大的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相组成; 当激光线能量较低时, 相应熔覆层的熔池和热影响区皆含有Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相; 随着线能量的提高, 熔池中Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相消失, 保持了非晶态, 但热影响区晶化加重, 并有大量Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出; 当采用退火态粉末时, 即使线能量较小, 相应熔覆层仍主要由非晶构成, 几乎无Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 这是由于原始粉末在退火时其微观结构发生重排, 与Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相关的原子短程/中程有序结构减少, 导致已沉积层非晶区的热稳定性提高, 不利于Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 可见, 提高线能量将会加剧非晶沉积体的晶化, 而粉末中的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂团簇相状态对Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅合金沉积层的晶化有重要影响.     

(Fe0.1Co0.55Ni0.35)78Si8B14金属玻璃的晶化过程及压力的影响(Ⅰ)——晶化时的相析出过程

用X射线衍射法研究了(Fe_0.1Co_0.55Ni_0.35)₇₈Si₈B₁₄金属玻璃在常压下及20kbar高压下晶化过程中的析出相及析出过程。结果表明在上述压力下晶化过程都分成两个阶段,分别对应于初级晶化和共晶晶化。在常压下,初级晶化时析出fcc-Co晶体,而共晶晶化对应着Ni₃₁Si₁₂和(FeCoNi)₃(SiB)相的析出。随着回火温度的增高或时间的延长,(FeCoNi)₃(SiB)相逐渐转变为(FeCoNi)₂₃B₆相。20kbar高压下的晶化析出过程与常压下不同的是:提高了晶化温度,在共晶晶化阶段出现了Co₂B相。此外,压力还阻止(FeCoNi)₂₃B₆相的形成。从热力学和动力学的角度讨论了压力对金属玻璃晶化过程的影响。 关键词：     

Zr60Al15Ni25大块非晶合金晶化动力学研究

通过等温示差扫描量热法研究了Zr₆₀Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非 晶合金的晶化动力学.实验结果表明，晶化过程的孕育期很短，即使在743 K这样低的温度下也不过0.52 min，而放热峰宽（反应整个晶化过程进行的时间）却随退火温度的降低明显增大，这说明了结晶过程是一个晶核长大控制的过程.Avrami指数表明在不同的退火温度，该合金的晶化机制发生了变化.晶化机制的变化是由于合金原子在不同温度下的扩散能力相差很大所致. 关键词： 晶化动力学 60Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非晶合金')" href="#">Zr₆₀Al₁₅Ni₂₅大块非晶合金 示差扫 描量热法（DSC）     

Pd-Ni-P大块金属玻璃的形成及其转变动力学

本文报道了Pd-Ni-P合金的过冷实验结果,研究了冷却速度对合金过冷行为的影响。通过将样品包裹在B₂O₃中从而减少样品的表面非均匀生核,使得样品在极低的冷却速度下形成大块金属玻璃。在玻璃转变温度(T_g=590K)处,冷却速度低达1K/s。利用经典的均匀生核与非均匀生核理论,计算了Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀合金的温度、时间转变曲线(即TTT图)。确定了合金的临界冷却速度。对结果进行了详细的讨论。 关键词：     

非晶合金带制备态平面磁各向异性与技术磁性的关系

用磁转矩和磁化功方法测定Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P₁₂B₈和(Fe_0.1CO_0.5Ni_0.4)₇₈Si₆B₁₆非晶态合金带在制备态及退火后的磁各向异性常数。结果表明,用磁转矩方法测定的制备态非晶带中的平面磁各向异性常数,其中大部分是不因退火而改变的,这部分的磁各向异性对合金的技术磁化曲线无明显影响 关键词：     

静高压下有表面化学反应的非晶合金晶化研究

在静高压3—5GPa,510—660℃温度下,研究了在晶化过程中其表面与Al发生反应的非晶(Fe_0.99,Mo_0.01)₇₈Si₉B₁₃合金的晶化过程。发现在4GPa左右,510—660℃的温度范围内,非晶FMSB晶化为纳米α-Fe(Al)相,在其他压力下,晶化为α-Fe(Mo,Si),(Fe,Mo)₃B或Fe₂B相。利用简单固体模型对其晶化的热力学机制 关键词：     

20m落管中Pd-Ni-P合金的过冷与过饱和固溶相的形成

本文研究了Pd_43.5Ni_43.5P₁₃合金在20m落管中的过冷行为。下落过程中凝固的液滴为直径在0.2—2.5mm范围的小球。对样品进行了X射线衍射测量、扫描电子显微镜观察和X射线能谱微区成分分析。结果表明当样品在1.8×10⁴Pa的氮气中凝固时得到了近单相的Pd-Ni-P过饱和固溶体。这一事实表明样品中可能发生非分解凝固。此外,在8.0×10⁴Pa氮气中凝固的样品发现非晶相与固溶相共存,说明样 关键词：     

Pd基非晶合金动态弛豫机制和应力松弛行为

作为潜在的功能及结构材料,高熵非晶合金在凝聚态物理和力学领域引起广泛的研究兴趣.高熵非晶合金宏观力学性能与微观结构非均匀性之间的关联是当前重要的科学问题之一.本文选取非晶形成能力良好的Pd_42.5Cu₃₀Ni_7.5P₂₀非晶合金和Pd₂₀Pt₂₀Cu₂₀Ni₂₀P₂₀高熵非晶合金作为模型体系,借助于动态弛豫行为及应力松弛实验建立了温度和物理时效对非晶合金高温变形机制与微观结构非均匀性之间的关联.研究结果表明Pd基非晶合金表现出“肩膀峰”β弛豫形式.玻璃转变温度以下物理时效非晶合金体系原子移动性导致β弛豫肩膀峰往更高的温度迁移.在应力松弛过程中,由于高构型熵的引入降低吉布斯自由能,这是高熵非晶合金具有较高激活能的原因.高熵非晶合金更难被激活,需要突破更高的能量势垒.物理时效时间增加,高熵非晶合金流变单元更小,这也得益于多主元高熵非晶合金慢扩散效应.高熵非晶合金激活体积的改变在物理时效下应力松弛...     

Phase transition in Pd<Subscript>40</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>10</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>30</Subscript>P<Subscript>20</Subscript> bulk metallic glass under HP &; HT

The phase transitions in Pd₄₀Ni₁₀Cu₃₀P₂₀ bulk metallic glass (BMG) have been studied under high pressure and high temperature (HP & HT) by X-ray diffaction measurements with synchrotron radiation source. We found that the BMG underwent a phase transitions of amorphous-crystalline-amorphous at 10 GPa upon heating. The parallel experiments were carried out at 7 GPa, while we did not observe the amorphous-crystalline-amorphous transitions by increasing temperature. Quenching the melted BMG at 7 GPa, it was found that the phase crystallized from the melt differed from the primary phase crystallized from the starting amorphous solid upon heating suggesting there existed a distinct mechanism in two cases.     

Phase transition in Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 bulk metallic glass under HP & HT

The phase transitions in Pd₄₀Ni₁₀Cu₃₀P₂₀ bulk metallic glass (BMG) have been studied under high pressure and high temperature (HP & HT) by X-ray diffaction measurements with synchrotron radiation source. We found that the BMG underwent a phase transitions of amorphous-crystalline-amorphous at 10 GPa upon heating. The parallel experiments were carried out at 7 GPa, while we did not observe the amorphous-crystalline-amorphous transitions by increasing temperature. Quenching the melted BMG at 7 GPa, it was found that the phase crystallized from the melt differed from the primary phase crystallized from the starting amorphous solid upon heating suggesting there existed a distinct mechanism in two cases.     

高压下块状Pd40Ni40P20非晶合金的晶化

 本文研究了Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀块状非晶在4 GPa及常压下的晶化过程。得到了时间-温度转变图。结果表明：高压下样品的晶化温度明显升高，压力对原子的长程扩散及相分离熔体的粘性流动均有抑制作用。在接近熔点进行高压退火时，获得了单相过饱和固溶体。其晶体结构为面心立方。     

Formation of NI80P20 solid solution phase under pressure

A Ni-P solid solution phase was obtained by quenching of melts under a pressure of 4.5 GPa. This was considered as a metastable high pressure phase. Despite the lack of thermodynamic parameters for Ni₈₀, P₂₀ alloy under pressure, the degree of undercooling, nucleation frequency and crystal growth velocity were calculated. We conclude that metastable phases with the same composition as the melting phase, such as supersaturated solid solution phase and amorphous phase, are easily prepared by high-pressure quenching.     

Effect of heat treatment on the structure and elastic properties of a bulk Pd<Subscript>40</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>30</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>10</Subscript>P<Subscript>20</Subscript> metallic glass

The effect of heat treatment over the range from room temperature to 500°C on the elastic properties of a bulk amorphous Pd₄₀Cu₃₀Ni₁₀P₂₀ alloy was studied. It is shown that the increase in the shear modulus under crystallization of the alloy is two-staged and that the most significant increase in the modulus occurs at the second stage. The obtained results are compared to the x-ray structural data. It is also found that the density characteristics of the as-cast material change very slightly during the transformation from the amorphous to the crystal state, with the density decreasing slightly due to crystallization.     

Ni83Cr7Fe3Si4B3非晶态合金在常压及高压下的晶化过程

本文研究了Ni₈₃Cr₇Fe₃Si₄B₃非晶态合金在1bar及100kbar压力下的晶化过程,得到了“时间-温度-变态”图。其结果表明:经高压热处理后的非晶合金其晶化温度降低,fcc-Ni相区域加宽及亚稳Ⅱ相没有形成。另外,还分别计算了常压及100kbar压力下的晶化激活能。 关键词：     

Shear viscosity of the Pd<Subscript>40</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>40</Subscript>P<Subscript>20</Subscript> metallic glass under conditions of isochronous heating below the glass transition temperature

The shear viscosity is measured under conditions of isochronous (linear) heating below the glass transition temperature of the Pd₄₀Cu₄₀P₂₀ metallic glass, which is characterized by the polymorphic crystallization into the Pd₂Cu₂P tetragonal phase with a lower density than the initial glass. It is shown that the rate dependence of the shear viscosity can be interpreted as a result of the irreversible structural relaxation by analogy with the case of the previously studied metallic glasses despite the unusual ratio of the densities of the material in noncrystalline and crystalline states.     

A metastable phase forming during crystallization of an amorphous Ni70Mo10P20 alloy

The evolution of the structure of an amorphous Ni₇₀Mo₁₀P₂₀ alloy during annealing in the temperature range from 673 to 873 K is studied using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that a previously unknown metastable phase forms during crystallization of the amorphous Ni₇₀Mo₁₀P₂₀ alloy. The morphology of the newly formed crystals is studied, the space group and the lattice constant are determined, and the atom positions for the phase that forms are proposed. It is found that the metastable phase is a phosphide whose composition is close to (Ni(Mo))₃P. We established that, as the temperature or the duration of annealing is increased further, the metastable phase turns into the equilibrium Ni₃P phase. The orientation relations between the metastable and equilibrium phases are determined.     

Recovery of electrical resistivity in amorphous pdsi alloys after low temperature neutron irradiation

Measurements of electrical resistivity after low temperature fast neutron irradiation are made for amorphous Pd₈₀Si₂₀ and Pd₈₀Ni₂Sl₁₈ and then Pd₈₀Si₂₀ annealed at 230°C and 360°C, and the isochronal annealing curves are obtained. The resistivity increase of Pd₈₀Si₂₀ annealed at 360°C is about 10 times larger than that of amorphous alloys and no defined annealing stage is observed in amorphous alloys and Pd₈₀Si₂₀ annealed at 360°C. For amorphous Pd₈₀Si₂₀, about 60% of the resistivity increase by irradiation remains after annealing up to room temperature and these are discussed by the structural relaxation.