Quantifying nonclassicality of multimode bosonic fields via skew information

We quantify the nonclassicality of multimode bosonic field states by adopting an information-theoretic approach involving the Wigner-Yanase skew information. The fundamental properties of the quantifier such as convexity, superadditivity, monotonicity, and conservation relations are revealed. The quantifier is illustrated by a variety of typical examples, and applications to the quantification of nonclassical correlations are discussed. Various extensions are indicated.     

Atomic nonclassicality in the Jaynes-Cummings model

The Jaynes-Cummings model, a fundamental and ideal paradigm for the study of atom-field interaction with remarkable beauty and complexity, plays an instrumental role in cavity quantum electrodynamics and related experiments. The dynamics of both the atom and the field in this ubiquitous model, which exhibit a number of intriguing nonclassical effects, have been widely studied and engineered from various perspectives. In particular, the collapses and revivals for several physical quantities have been revealed, with important implications for quantum foundations and technologies. In this work, we study the atomic nonclassicality in the Jaynes-Cummings model in terms of an information-theoretic quantifier, reveal its basic features, and compare them with various well known observations of atomic dynamics. The sensitivity of the dynamics on both the initial atomic states and field states indicates rich patterns of atom-field interaction, and may be exploited to estimate, prepare, and engineer atomic states via fields, or vice versa.     

Quantum state nonclassicality in weak measurements in view of Bochner's criteria

We introduce a new formulation of nonclassicality in weak measurements based on probabilistic behavior of “quasi-moments” of a weakly measured observable. New definition determines existence of classical probabilistic interpretation and can be applied equally to quantum systems without classical counterpart in the usual sense. We show that the only consistent approach to define classicality in weak measurements should be based on the proper behavior of “quasi-moments” according to Bochner's theorem.     

Pseudomagnetic fields and Landau levels for out-of-plane elastic waves in gradient snowflake-shaped crystals

The study of pseudomagnetic fields (PMF) in classical waves draws a growing attention due to the strength of PMF far higher than real magnetic fields. Here, we show that a giant PMF for out-of-plane elastic waves can be created in the snowflake-shaped crystals by introducing a gradient angle modulation along one direction. In particular, we demonstrate that the Landau energy levels for out-of-plane elastic waves can be formed near the Dirac cone region, as a hallmark of high-field physics induced by PMF. Moreover, the sublattice polarized bulk states similar to the behavior of graphene electron in magnetic fields are achieved in our elastic systems. Furthermore, the magnetic-induced edge state propagation along bend pathway is also demonstrated. Our study provides a new paradigm for manipulating the elastic waves in aspects of information processing and energy transport.     

Control of light in a quantized four level graphene atomic system via self and cross-Kerr nonlinearity

We investigate self and cross-Kerr nonlinearity in a four level quantized graphene atomic medium. The absorption, dispersion, transmission and subluminal/superluminal behaviors of a probe light field are studied. An amplification of the probe light field is observed in the absorption spectrum. The normal and anomalous slope of dispersion is also investigated at the positive/negative absorption region. It is shown that Kerr nonlinearity invert and enhance the subluminal/superluminal behaviors of the pulse and self-Kerr effect is found to be more subluminal/superluminal as compared to cross-Kerr effect. The results show significant applications in information storage, self and cross phase modulation and lasing without inversion.     

Preferred states of open electronic systems

System-environment interaction may introduce dynamic destruction of quantum coherence, resulting in a special representation named as pointer states. In this work, pointer states of an open electronic system are studied. The decoherence effect is taken into account through two different ways which are Büttiker's virtual probe model and strong electron-phonon interaction in the polaron picture. The pointer states of the system with different coupling strength are investigated. The pointer states are identified by tracking the eigenstates of the density matrix in real-time propagation. It is found that the pointer states can emerge for arbitrary coupling strength. And the pointer states deform to the eigenstates of the system in the strong coupling limit, which indicates the vanish of quantumness in the strong coupling limit.     

五阶压控忆阻蔡氏混沌电路的双稳定性

通过在蔡氏电路的耦合电阻支路中串联一个电感,采用压控忆阻替换蔡氏电路中的蔡氏二极管,提出了一种新颖的五阶压控忆阻蔡氏混沌电路.建立该电路的数学模型,从理论上分析了平衡点及其稳定性的演化过程.特别地,该电路在给定参数下只有一个不稳定的零平衡点,却形成了混沌与周期的非对称吸引子共存的吸引盆,意味着双稳定性的存在.进而利用数值仿真与PSIM电路仿真着重研究了本文电路在不同初始状态下产生的双稳定性现象及其形成机理.PSIM电路仿真结果与数值仿真结果一致,较好地验证了理论分析.借助分岔图、李雅普诺夫指数、相轨图和吸引盆进一步深入探讨了归一化五阶压控忆阻蔡氏系统依赖于系统初始条件的动力学行为.结果表明,该忆阻蔡氏系统在不同的初始条件下能够呈现出混沌吸引子与周期极限环共存的双稳定性现象.     

Thermospin effects in a T-shaped spin valves with spin-flip scattering

With the help of the nonequilibrium Green's function technique, we theoretically analyze the thermospin property through a typical T-shaped spin valve with spin-flip scattering in the linear regime. The influences of spin-flip coefficient of interdot λ, spin-flip coefficient of intradot η and interdot hopping coefficient $t+{\delta }_{\sigma }\mathrm{\Delta }t$ on thermospin property are discussed. As interdot hopping coefficient t is equal to energy level ε, the spectrum of $G_s$ shows Fano-like effect with ε variation. Antiresonance position of $G_s$ is almost unchanged and its width becomes narrower with ε increasing. Spin thermopower $S_s$ is close to the maximum of the peak and charge thermopower $S_c$ is equal to zero for $t=\epsilon$. As a result, the pure spin thermopower $S_s$ can be obtained, which means that a pure spin current may be produced by a temperature gradient in our system. It is found that spin figure of merit $Z{T}_s$ can reach a considerable value by adjusting key parameters of the system, such as Δt, β, α, ?. The typical T-shaped spin valve can be treated as a stable thermospin battery which allows to convert the heat energy to spin voltage, thus produces the pure spin current in the device.     

关于Birkhoff逆问题中Santilli方法的研究

研究构造Birkhoff动力学函数的Santilli方法.首先,基于Cauchy-Kovalevskaya型方程解的存在性定理,采用反证法证明自治系统总有自治Birkhoff表示;其次,给出更简洁的方法证明Santilli第二方法可以被简化;找到Santilli第三方法中所隐含的一种等量关系,提出改进的Santilli第三方法,并研究该方法的MATLAB程序化计算;最后,总结全文并对结果进行讨论.     

Effect of ethanolamine passivation of ZnO nanoparticles in quantum dot light emitting diode structure

The aging of ZnO nanoparticles in quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) structures was studied. Coarsening of as-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles is observed in both solution and thin film structures, which potentially deteriorates the performance of QD-LED devices over time. First, the temperature effect on ZnO coarsening was investigated, and it was revealed that aging of ZnO nanoparticles is faster at higher temperature due to a diffusion-controlled mechanism of nanoparticle coarsening. To observe aggregation of ZnO in the film state, the electron transporting part (ZnO/Al) of the QD-LED structure was prepared. The current density of a ZnO film and an electron-only device (QD/ZnO between two electrodes) was also measured. Resistance of the film increased as a function of aging time, which corresponded with observations of the ZnO film by optical microscopy. Aggregation of ZnO nanoparticles was directly measured by the root-mean-square value using atomic force microscopy. Ethanolamine (EA) stabilizer was added to the ZnO solution to disperse the ZnO nanoparticles without aggregation. The effect of EA on the surface passivation of the ZnO found to suppress pinhole formation, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy observations. Finally, the device lifetime was measured for QD-LEDs with EA-stabilized ZnO to understand the effect of ZnO aging on long-term QD-LED device operation.     

洪德耦合的调控与轨道选择Mott相变

洪德耦合相互作用是导致多轨道体系发生轨道选择Mott相变的重要因素之一. 通过调控洪德耦合相互作用来研究其不同组成部分对轨道选择Mott相变的作用. 利用基于Lanczos 求解器的动力学平均场理论, 对比了双轨道的J模型和Jz模型的金属-绝缘体相变, 并重点讨论洪德耦合中的自旋翻转项和电子对跃迁项以及轨道宽度比值W₂/W₁如何影响轨道选择Mott 相变. 在J模型的相图中, Mott选择相占有较大的区域, 而Jz模型的轨道选择Mott 相只存在于一个很狭窄的区域内, 这说明自旋翻转项及电子对跳跃项是有利于轨道选择Mott相变发生的关键因素. 此外当轨道宽度之比大于W₂/W₁=0.7时, Jz 模型的轨道选择Mott 相会完全消失, 而J模型中只要轨道宽度不同都存在轨道选择Mott相. 因而, 简化后的Jz 模型只是在特定条件下才适合于研究轨道选择Mott相变.     

地表反照光对天基空间目标的成像影响

天基空间目标观测时, 在对空间目标的可见光特性提取的过程中, 随着其姿态的不断变化, 存在太阳光照射不到目标表面、或是在某一特定位置由于目标的强烈反射导致太阳光照度不均匀的情况. 针对这些问题, 分析了在可见光和近红外波段空间目标表面的光照特性, 提出了利用地表反照光作为天基空间目标成像辅助照明光源的思想, 给出了一种精确的建模方法. 基于漫反射模型建立了地表反照光在空间目标表面的照度计算方法, 借助satellite tool kit卫星工具软件获取太阳、目标的坐标, 省去了以往方法中烦琐的矩阵相乘和坐标转换过程; 对任意时刻的地表有效反照区域给出了判断, 引入对地球表面进行网格划分的方法, 对划分后的每一个面元均匀采样, 通过数值积分可计算出整个有效地表反照区域的地表反照辐射. 以某天基成像任务中的太阳同步轨道卫星为例, 就地表反照光对目标的光照情况进行仿真, 计算得出卫星在经过北极上空时可以利用地表反照光作为辅助光源这一重要结论. 仿真结果验证了建模方法的正确性.     

基于牛顿迭代法高温光谱温度和发射率的反演研究

针对基于光谱数据进行温度与发射率分离过程中存在的n个方程包含n+1个未知数这一欠定问题,提出利用牛顿迭代法来实现材料表面真温及发射率的反演计算,通过给定温度和发射率初值,利用泰勒级数的线性项建立迭代公式,通过迭代得到温度和发射率的近似解。分别利用理论热辐射谱和腔黑体的实验数据进行验证,结果表明,任意给定温度和发射率初值均可获得与真实温度接近的计算温度值,相对误差小于0.09。发射率反演结果与真实发射率线形一致,当温度和发射率初值越接近真实温度和发射率时,发射率反演结果越精确。该方法消除了发射率假定模型限制,有望应用于高温及超高温下各种材料真实温度和光谱发射率研究。     

Determining local inhomogeneities of rotating plasma density via microwave refraction

A method for determining local inhomogeneities of the rotating plasmas is proposed. This method is based on spectral and correlation analysis of the reflected signals from the plasma at normal and oblique microwave incidence. Experimental approbation of the method is made.     

Effect of proton and ion beam treatment on cyclic olefin copolymer parts prepared via injection molding

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of proton and ion beam treatment on injection molded plastic parts. We employed cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) as a resin for the manufacturing. A light guide panel was designed and fabricated via injection molding. The size and fluence of ions were changed for the analysis. The physical and chemical properties of the samples irradiated with proton and nitrogen ion beams were investigated through UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nanoindentation, residual stress, and electrical analyses. The penetration behavior of ion beams was modeled numerically, and the injection molding process was simulated. The finding showed that the irradiation of proton and nitrogen ion beams led to a change in the chemical structure and energy level of the samples. We anticipate that this study could provide a meaningful strategic way to engineer a polymeric part for broader applications using proton and ion beams.     

An extended car-following model considering the appearing probability of truck and driver's characteristics

In this paper, the appearing probability of truck is introduced and an extended car-following model is presented to analyze the traffic flow based on the consideration of driver's characteristics, under honk environment. The stability condition of this proposed model is obtained through linear stability analysis. In order to study the evolution properties of traffic wave near the critical point, the mKdV equation is derived by the reductive perturbation method. The results show that the traffic flow will become more disorder for the larger appearing probability of truck. Besides, the appearance of leading truck affects not only the stability of traffic flow, but also the effect of other aspects on traffic flow, such as: driver's reaction and honk effect. The effects of them on traffic flow are closely correlated with the appearing probability of truck. Finally, the numerical simulations under the periodic boundary condition are carried out to verify the proposed model. And they are consistent with the theoretical findings.     

构造Birkhoff表示的广义Hojman方法

研究第一积分、Hojman方法及Birkhoff方程之间的内在联系. Hojman方法构造的Birkhoff函数(组)满足的一个特定关系, 对此关系加以分析得到更为一般的广义Hojman方法. 再将此关系与Birkhoff方程相结合, 导出Birkhoff系统Hojman意义下的循环积分. 举例说明结论的应用. 关键词： Birkhoff系统 Hojman方法 广义Hojman方法 循环积分     

低维纳米材料量子热输运与自旋热电性质 ——非平衡格林函数方法的应用

低维材料不断涌现的新奇性质吸引着科学研究者的目光. 除了电子的量子输运行为之外, 人们也陆续发现和确认了热输运中显著的量子行为, 如 热导低温量子化、声子子带、尺寸效应、瓶颈效应等. 这些小尺度体系的热输运性质可以很好地用非平衡格林函数来描述. 本文首先介绍了量子热输运的特性、声子非平衡格林函数方法及其在低维纳米材料中的研究进展; 其次回顾了近年来在 一系列低维材料中发现的热-自旋输运现象. 这些自旋热学现象展现了全新的热电转换机制, 有助于设计新型的热电转换器件, 同时也给出了用热产生自旋流的新途径; 最后介绍了线性响应理论以及在此理论框架下结合声子、电子非平衡格林函数方法进行的一些有益的探索. 量子热输运的研究对热效应基础研究以及声子学器件、能量转换器件的发展有着不可替代的重要作用.     

Estimation of decoherence in electromechanical circuits

This letter presents a schematic circuit with capacitive coupling between the CPW Cavity Center Trace (resonated with electromagnetic mode) and the mechanical Nanoresonator mediated by Transmon, resulting in the Cross-Kerr electromechanical effect. Then we show the dynamics of quantum states, showing the generation of superposition states and bipartite entanglement of continuous variables through nonlinear quantum electrodynamics in the circuit. Finally, we calculated and estimated the parameter for mechanical outcome through phase measurements of the CPW Cavity Center Trace electromagnetic mode.