Entanglement and Sudden Death of a Nonlinear Two-Level-Atom Pair Interacting with a Radiation Field

We study the entanglement between a pair of two-level atoms simultaneously interacting via a singlemode thermal field. The Hamiltonian also describes a two-photon process. The entanglement between a nonlinear atom-field interacting system is also studied using atomic and field entropy changes. We use concurrence to detect the sudden death phenomenon. Furthermore, we discuss the relationship between entropy changes and concurrence entanglement. Our results show that the behavior of the entropy change is in agreement with the behavior of the concurrence when we measure the entanglement between the two-subsystem structure.     

Qualitative aspects of the entanglement in the three-level model with photonic crystals

This communication is an enquiry into the circumstances under which concurrence and phase entropy methods can give an answer to the question of quantum entanglement in the composite state when the photonic band gap is exhibited by the presence of photonic crystals in a three-level system. An analytic approach is proposed for any three-level system in the presence of photonic band gap. Using this analytic solution, we conclusively calculate the concurrence and phase entropy, focusing particularly on the entanglement phenomena. Specifically, we use concurrence as a measure of entanglement for dipole emitters situated in the thin slab region between two semi-infinite one-dimensionally periodic photonic crystals, a situation reminiscent of planar cavity laser structures. One feature of the regime considered here is that closed-form evaluation of the time evolution may be carried out in the presence of the detuning and the photonic band gap, which provides insight into the difference in the nature of the concurrence function for atom-field coupling, mode frequency and different cavity parameters. We demonstrate how fluctuations in the phase and number entropies affected by the presence of the photonic-band-gap. The outcomes are illustrated with numerical simulations applied to GaAs. Finally, we relate the obtained results to instances of any three-level system for which the entanglement cost can be calculated. Potential experimental observations in solid-state systems are discussed and found to be promising.     

三个两能级原子与数态场相互作用的纠缠特性

通过计算并发度和线性熵研究了初始处于GHZ态的三个两能级原子与数态场相互作用系统的纠缠动力学特性,讨论了场的初始光子数对并发度和线性熵的影响.结果表明,腔内两原子之间的纠缠出现突然产生现象,而且可以通过改变场的初始光子数来控制产生纠缠的阈值时间和纠缠的最大值.对腔外原子的探测导致了并发度随时间的演化呈现周期性规律,场的光子数的增加不但减小了并发度的最大值,而且缩短了并发度的演化周期.     

三个两能级原子与数态场相互作用的纠缠特性

通过计算并发度和线性熵研究了初始处于GHZ态的三个两能级原子与数态场相互作用系统的纠缠动力学特性,讨论了场的初始光子数对并发度和线性熵的影响.结果表明,腔内两原子之间的纠缠出现突然产生现象,而且可以通过改变场的初始光子数来控制产生纠缠的阈值时间和纠缠的最大值.对腔外原子的探测导致了并发度随时间的演化呈现周期性规律,场的光子数的增加不但减小了并发度的最大值,而且缩短了并发度的演化周期.     

运动强度相关耦合J-C模型中的熵交换和纠缠

考虑一个运动的二能级原子与单模热光场强度相关耦合,采用量子约化熵研究原子和场的约化熵变化规律、原子与场的熵交换,用共生纠缠度研究原子与场的纠缠。并借助于数值计算方法,详细分析了在强度相关耦合J-C模型中,原子初态、热光场的平均光子数以及场模结构参数对熵交换和纠缠的影响。结果表明原子与光场的熵交换和纠缠均周期性地演化。选择适当的原子初态,可以使得原子的约化熵和光场的约化熵完全交换,这意味着原子与光场反相关。此外,场模结构参数增加导致熵交换的幅度减小,周期缩短。原子与热光场的纠缠随平均光子数的增加而减弱。     

Factors influencing entanglement of two excitons in a coupled exciton-photon system

The relation between the excitonic purity and the concurrence in a system of two coupled large semiconduction quantum dots mediated by a single-mode cavity field is investigated by using linear entropy theory. The results show the difference in describing two modes of excitonic entanglement between linear entropy and concurrence. The relation between nonclassical property of cavity field and the entanglement degree of excitons is also discussed. The results show that two modes of exciton can reach maximal entanglement when the cavity exhibits an antibunching effect.     

Tripartite entanglement dynamics for an atom interacting with nonlinear couplers

In this communication we introduce a new model which represents the interaction between an atom and two fields injected simultaneously within a cavity including the nonlinear couplers. By using the canonical transformation the model can be regarded as a generalization of several well-known models. We calculate and discuss entanglement between the tripartite system of one atom and the two cavity modes. For a short interaction time, similarities between the behavior based on our solution compared with the other simulation based on a numerical linear algebra solution of the original Hamiltonian with truncated Fock bases for each mode, is shown. For a specific value of the Kerr-like medium defined in this letter, we find that the entanglement, as measured by concurrence, may terminate abruptly in a finite time.     

耗散系统中原子和场的熵交换与纠缠

研究耗散腔中,二能级原子与单模辐射场在相互作用过程中熵关联的情况。结果表明：原子与场之间存在熵交换现象,更重要的是证明了它们之间的熵交换需要满足一定的条件。同时也计算了原子与场之间的纠缠,发现两子系统间熵交换与纠缠的关系。     

耗散系统中原子和场的熵交换与纠缠

研究耗散腔中, 二能级原子与单模辐射场在相互作用过程中熵关联的情况. 结果表明：原子与场之间存在熵交换现象, 更重要的是证明了它们之间的熵交换需要满足一定的条件. 同时也计算了原子与场之间的纠缠, 发现两子系统间熵交换与纠缠的关系.     

Intrinsic Decoherence of Two Atoms System With Kerr Medium

We study the effect of Kerr medium on the intrinsic decoherence of a system which consists of two two-level atoms and a optical cavity. The entanglement of the system is calculated by making use of concurrence. Our results show that the intrinsic decoherence is very sensitive to the nonlinear coupling constant of Kerr medium. Both the oscillation period and the amplitude of the concurrence increase with the increasing nonlinear coupling constant.     

Monogamy and entanglement in tripartite quantum states

We present an interesting monogamy equation for (2⊗2⊗n)-dimensional pure states, by which a quantity is found to characterize the tripartite entanglement with the GHZ type and W type entanglements as a whole. In particular, we, for the first time, reveals that for any quantum state of a pair of qubits, the difference between the two remarkable entanglement measures, concurrence and negativity, characterizes the W type entanglement of tripartite pure states with the two-qubit state as reduced density.     

Effects of three-body interactions on the dynamics of entanglement in spin chains

With the consideration of three-body interaction, dynamics of pairwise entanglement in spin chains is studied. The dependence of pairwise entanglement dynamics on the type of coupling, and distance between the spins is analyzed in a finite chain for different initial states. It is found that, for an Ising chain, three-body interactions are not in favor of preparing entanglement between the nearest neighbor spins, while three-body interactions are favorable for creating entanglement between remote spins from a separable initial state. For an isotropic Heisenberg chain, the pairwise concurrence will decrease when three-body interactions are considered both for a separable initial state and for a maximally entangled initial state, however, three-body interactions will retard the decay of the concurrence in an Ising chain when the initial state takes the maximally entangled state.     

Stability investigation on quantum correlations of coupled qubits in non-Markovian process

Utilizing the concurrence and the quantum discord as the measure method, in this paper we compare and investigate the dynamic evolution features of quantum correlations of coupled qubits in non-Markovian process. We focus attention on decoherence effect influences the stability of quantum correlations. The investigation results show that because of the decoherence influence between the system and environment, the concurrence always evolves with time in oscillation form in the way of deaths and survivals, however, the quantum discord time evolution does not appear the deaths and survivals. The quantum discord survives obviously longer than concurrence, which indicates that quantum discord has a stronger ability to resist decoherence than entanglement. Through regulating and controlling the purity and entanglement of the initial quantum state, we can effectively suppress the decay of the quantum correlations, which is advantaged to complete the quantum information processing.     

Robustness investigations on quantum entanglement and quantum discord of coupled qubits in squeezed vacuum reservoir

We investigate the quantum discord of coupled qubits in squeezed vacuum reservoir and compare it with the quantum entanglement of system. We find that the quantum discord and entanglement perform completely oppositely with the change of squeezed parameters. Quantum discord survives longer with the increase of squeezed amplitude parameter and entanglement death faster on the contrary. Under high squeezed amplitude parameter, the quantum discord can keep nonzero which indicate that the quantum discord is more robust than entanglement. We also find that the purity reduction of the initial quantum state will lead to the decay of concurrence or quantum discord. However, the quantum discord damps remarkably more slowly and survives longer than concurrence.     

Pairwise entanglement of a three-qubit Heisenberg XY chain in a nonuniform magnetic field with intrinsic decoherence

Taking into account the intrinsic decoherence, the concurrence of the nearest and the next-to-nearest neighbor qubits in a three-qubit Heisenberg XY chain are investigated when a nonuniform magnetic field is included. We show that the effects of the external magnetic field, including the uniform and inhomogeneous magnetic fields, on the time evolution of entanglement between the nearest and the next-to-nearest neighbor qubits rely deeply on the initial states. We can moderate the destructive effect of intrinsic decoherence by controlling the uniform and inhomogeneous magnetic fields, so that a proper value of uniform and inhomogeneous magnetic fields can, to a great extent enhance the stationary entanglement.     

场与非线性介质原子相互作用模型的量子纠缠动力学特性

在场和非线性介质原子相互作用模型下, 利用concurrence和约化Neumann熵两种纠缠量度, 研究推广的二项式场态和原子基态的量子纠缠动力学. 结果表明concurrence与约化Neumann熵是正关联占优势; 在合适的条件下, 纠缠在较长时间内几乎是不变的. 这有利于量子信息过程. 关键词： 推广的二项式态 concurrence 约化Neumann熵     

Critical properties of entanglement in the Dicke model with the dipole-dipole interactions

In this paper, we investigate two aspects of entanglement properties of the ground state for the Dicke model with the dipole-dipole interaction between the atoms in the thermodynamic limit, and observe how they are affected by the quantum phase transition. The appearance of dipole-dipole interactions between the atoms does not change the maximum atom-field entanglement at the critical point, while it changes the maximum atom-atom entanglement at the critical point, and has an important influence on the atom-atom entanglement behavior.     

Partial entropy creation of a two-level atom with intrinsic decoherence

By using an algebraic dynamical approach, the atom–field bipartite system in mixed state is employed to investigate the influence of intrinsic decoherence and Stark shift on the partial entropy change and the entanglement. It is shown that, quality of the partial entropy is improved significantly by introducing the intrinsic decoherence and(or)Stark shift. In addition, by the concept of the lower bound of the concurrence, the entanglement between the atom and the field under the influences of intrinsic decoherence and Stark shift is also presented.     

三纠缠原子与双模腔场相互作用系统的纠缠演化特性

研究了初始处于GHZ态的三个两能级原子与双模腔场相互作用系统的纠缠动力学特性,得到了并发度和线性熵的解析表达式.讨论了腔场初始纠缠度对腔内两原子之间纠缠的影响,对其余子系统求迹后结果表明腔内两原子之间的纠缠出现突然产生现象,腔内两原子之间产生纠缠的阈值时间和最大值依赖于双模腔场初始纠缠度;并且发现腔内两原子子系统和腔外原子与场子系统之间在整个的时间演化过程中一直保持着纠缠状态.     

An analytical description of the atomic information entropy in a multi-level system

We construct a complete representation of the atomic information entropy of an arbitrary multi-level system. Our approach is applicable to all scenarios in which the quantum state shared by a single particle and fields is known. As illustrations we apply our findings to a single four-level atom strongly coupled to a cavity field and driven by a coherent laser field. In this framework, we discuss connections with entanglement frustration and entropic forms. We conclude by showing how the atomic information entropy can be extended to examine entanglement in multi-level atomic systems.