Non-local and nonlinear background suppression method controlled by multi-scale clutter metric

To improve the detection performance for non-morphological multi-scale target in IR image containing complex cloud clutter, on basis of cloud scenario self-similarity feature, a non-local and nonlinear background suppression algorithm controlled by multi-scale clutter metric is presented. According to the classical achievements on cloud structure, self-similarity and relativity of cloud clutter on image for target detection is deeply analyzed by classical indicators firstly. Then we establish multi-scale clutter metric method based on LoG operator to describe scenes feature for controlled suppression method. After that, non-local means based on optimal strength similarity metric as non-local processing, and multi-scale median filter and on minimum gradient direction as local processing are set up. Finally linear fusing principle adopting clutter metric for local and non-local processing is put forward. Experimental results by two kinds of infrared imageries show that compared with classical and similar methods, the proposed method solves the existing problems of targets energy attenuation and suppression degradation in strongly evolving regions in previous methods. By evaluating indicators, the proposed method has a superior background suppression performance by increasing the BSF and ISCR 2 times at least.     

Weighted Schatten p-Norm Low Rank Error Constraint for Image Denoising

Traditional image denoising algorithms obtain prior information from noisy images that are directly based on low rank matrix restoration, which pays little attention to the nonlocal self-similarity errors between clear images and noisy images. This paper proposes a new image denoising algorithm based on low rank matrix restoration in order to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm introduces the non-local self-similarity error between the clear image and noisy image into the weighted Schatten p-norm minimization model using the non-local self-similarity of the image. In addition, the low rank error is constrained by using Schatten p-norm to obtain a better low rank matrix in order to improve the performance of the image denoising algorithm. The results demonstrate that, on the classic data set, when comparing with block matching 3D filtering (BM3D), weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM), weighted Schatten p-norm minimization (WSNM), and FFDNet, the proposed algorithm achieves a higher peak signal-to-noise ratio, better denoising effect, and visual effects with improved robustness and generalization.     

Content-based adaptive image denoising using spatial information

The maximum a posteriori (MAP) model is widely used in image processing fields, such as denoising, deblurring, segmentation, reconstruction, and others. However, the existing methods usually employ a fixed prior item and regularization parameter for the whole image and ignore the local spatial adaptive properties. Though the non-local total variation model has shown great promise because of exploiting the correlation in the image, the computation cost and memory load are the issues. In this paper, a content-based local spatial adaptive denoising algorithm is proposed. To realize the local spatial adaptive process of the prior model and regularization parameter, first the degraded image is divided into several same-sized blocks and the Tchebichef moment is used to analyze the local spatial properties of each block. Different property prior items and regularization parameters are then applied adaptively to different properties’ blocks. To reduce the computational load in denoising process, the split Bregman iteration algorithm is employed to optimize the non-local total variation model and accelerate the speed of the image denoising. Finally, a set of experiments and performance evaluation using recent image quality assessment index are provided to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计图像去噪

本文提出一种采用非局部主成分分析的极大似然估计去噪方法.首先采用非局部主成分分析算法来计算像素邻域间的灰度值和纹理结构相似性,然后通过极大似然估计方法估计最优复原图像.本方法使用非局部主成分分析克服现有局部性去噪方法模糊边界等缺陷,引入极大似然估计方法来改进现有非局部均值的简单加权均值去噪处理,从而提高对图像细节信息的复原能力.最后分别使用本文方法、非局部均值和局部极大似然估计三种去噪方法,在不同噪音大小和不同几何纹理复杂度的图像中进行定性和定量的去噪实验.结果表明,本文方法可在保持图像细节和纹理信息的情况下有效去噪,较之现有方法效果更好.     

Rician noise reduction in magnetic resonance images using adaptive non-local mean and guided image filtering

This paper proposes a Rician noise reduction method for magnetic resonance (MR) images. The proposed method is based on adaptive non-local mean and guided image filtering techniques. In the first phase, a guidance image is obtained from the noisy image through an adaptive non-local mean filter. Sobel operators are applied to compute the strength of edges which is further used to control the spread of the kernel in non-local mean filtering. In the second phase, the noisy and the guidance images are provided to the guided image filter as input to restore the noise-free image. The improved performance of the proposed method is investigated using the simulated and real data sets of MR images. Its performance is also compared with the previously proposed state-of-the art methods. Comparative analysis demonstrates the superiority of the proposed scheme over the existing approaches.     

基于梯度和小波变换的水下距离选通图像去噪

水体的散射效应、激光光斑、成像器件的非理想化等因素使得图像出现大量无规律粒状噪声,它们增加了水下距离选通图像的背景噪声,模糊了目标轮廓,掩盖了目标细节,降低了图像的信噪比。针对上述问题本文提出了一种基于梯度和小波变换的去噪方法。首先对图像进行余弦小波变换,得到不同频率空间的图像集。低频空间引入新的图像梯度强化方法以提高图像的纹理信息量;对应非均匀性条带的LH或HL空间做曲面拟合处理以消除非均匀性条带的影响;在HH空间去噪过程中,低层空间做非局部均值处理以保留图像相似信息,高层空间做分数阶积分处理以保留图像细节信息。最后小波逆变换得到结果图像。从实验水槽中采集水下图像进行算法验证,将改进方法与已有算法比对分析。实验表明,本文所研究的水下去噪算法,能够平滑噪声且更大限度地保留图像细节纹理,在客观评价指标上提升了6%。     

Generalized total variation-based MRI Rician denoising model with spatially adaptive regularization parameters

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an outstanding medical imaging modality but the quality often suffers from noise pollution during image acquisition and transmission. The purpose of this study is to enhance image quality using feature-preserving denoising method. In current literature, most existing MRI denoising methods did not simultaneously take the global image prior and local image features into account. The denoising method proposed in this paper is implemented based on an assumption of spatially varying Rician noise map. A two-step wavelet-domain estimation method is developed to extract the noise map. Following a Bayesian modeling approach, a generalized total variation-based MRI denoising model is proposed based on global hyper-Laplacian prior and Rician noise assumption. The proposed model has the properties of backward diffusion in local normal directions and forward diffusion in local tangent directions. To further improve the denoising performance, a local variance estimator-based method is introduced to calculate the spatially adaptive regularization parameters related to local image features and spatially varying noise map. The main benefit of the proposed method is that it takes full advantage of the global MR image prior and local image features. Numerous experiments have been conducted on both synthetic and real MR data sets to compare our proposed model with some state-of-the-art denoising methods. The experimental results have demonstrated the superior performance of our proposed model in terms of quantitative and qualitative image quality evaluations.     

Denoising 3D MR images by the enhanced non-local means filter for Rician noise

The non-local means (NLM) filter removes noise by calculating the weighted average of the pixels in the global area and shows superiority over existing local filter methods that only consider local neighbor pixels. This filter has been successfully extended from 2D images to 3D images and has been applied to denoising 3D magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this article, a novel filter based on the NLM filter is proposed to improve the denoising effect. Considering the characteristics of Rician noise in the MR images, denoising by the NLM filter is first performed on the squared magnitude images. Then, unbiased correcting is carried out to eliminate the biased deviation. When performing the NLM filter, the weight is calculated based on the Gaussian-filtered image to reduce the disturbance of the noise. The performance of this filter is evaluated by carrying out a qualitative and quantitative comparison of this method with three other filters, namely, the original NLM filter, the unbiased NLM (UNLM) filter and the Rician NLM (RNLM) filter. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed filter achieves better denoising performance over the other filters being compared.     

ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究

为在图像处理与分析时具备良好的视觉效果,提高图像处理的速度,需要对ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术进行研究。当前采用的方法是对各种变换频域图像特征提取与计算机图像集合特征的提取进行相结合,克服了当前对图像进行提取时存在图像形状描述的缺陷,提取图像特征向量维数相对较低。实验表明,通过对图像进行特征提取能很好的对图像效果进行展示,将图像的纹理特征进行详细的表述,将该方法应用到图像处理技术当中,具有良好的去噪效果及扩展性,该方法过程简单,但存在图像视觉效果较差的问题。为此,提出一种ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究方法。该方法首先利用非局部均值去噪算法对图像进行去噪处理,然后结合图像去噪的结果利用小波变换对去噪图像进行边缘检测,最后采用非线性增强算法对图像进行增强完成对ARM架构下计算机图像并行化处理技术研究。实验结果表明,所提方法不仅提高图像处理速度,还提高图像视觉效果,具有广泛的应用价值。     

基于双边滤波和双树复小波的图像去噪算法

提出了基于空域双边滤波和双树复小波变换的图像去噪算法.该算法使用双树复小波变换对含噪图像进行多尺度和多方向的分解,对各个高频方向子带使用带有方向窗的局部维纳滤波算法进行去噪.在重构过程中,对每一个尺度上重构得到的低通图像使用空域的双边滤波算法进一步的去除噪声.实验结果表明本文提出的图像去噪算法获得了明显的去噪性能改善.     

一种基于信息保留网络的图像去噪算法

由于成像设备等各种因素影响, 图像在成像或传感过程中会受到噪声干扰。图像去噪旨在减少或消除噪声对图像的影响, 这一过程往往会导致高频信息的丢失。为了在去除图像噪声的同时保护图像的边缘信息与纹理细节, 文章提出了一种计算复杂度相对较低的含有信息保留模块的卷积神经网络, 直接对含噪声图像进行降噪。信息保留模块通过残差学习提取局部长路径和局部短路径的混合特征信息。该文采用峰值信噪比(PSNR/dB)和结构相似性(SSIM)两项评价指标对实验结果进行量化, 这两项指标值越大, 说明去噪效果越好。实验结果表明, 在峰值信噪比和结构相似性2项评价指标的均值可达到30.36 dB和0.828 0, 相比其他对比算法, 2项评价指标分别平均提升了2.15 dB和0.072 9。该算法对不同种类、不同水平的噪声都具有良好的去噪效果, 且速度优于所对比的一般算法, 对基于卷积神经网络的去噪工作的进一步发展有一定的作用。     

基于局部位移校正的磁共振图像相干平均

多次扫描相干平均是提高磁共振图像信噪比的常用方法,但如果在多次扫描过程中病人发生自主或不自主的运动,使得图像中的组织发生位移,简单相干平均图像会导致图像模糊.本文受非局域均值算法的启发,提出了一种基于局部位移校正的相干平均方法.该算法通过比较多次采集的图像中组织结构的局部相似性,找出图像间的局部位移,利用该信息修正位移后进行加权平均,从而达到提高图像信噪比的目的.我们用模型及真实的肝脏弥散数据进行了实验.实验结果表明,对于不同次采样间存在运动的磁共振图像,该算法可有效地提高信噪比并保持结构边缘;其结果优于简单的相干平均,去噪效果也优于经典的非局域均值算法.     

混沌信号自适应协同滤波去噪

混沌信号协同滤波去噪算法充分利用了混沌信号的自相似结构特征,具有良好的信噪比提升性能.针对该算法的滤波参数优化问题,考虑到最优滤波参数的选取受到信号特征、采样频率和噪声水平的影响,为提高该算法的自适应性使其更符合实际应用需求,基于排列熵提出一种滤波参数自动优化准则.依据不同噪声水平的混沌信号排列熵的不同,首先选取不同滤波参数对含噪混沌信号进行去噪,然后计算各滤波参数对应重构信号的排列熵,最后通过比较各重构信号的排列熵,选取排列熵最小的重构信号对应的滤波参数为最优滤波参数,实现滤波参数的优化.分析了不同信号特征、采样频率和噪声水平情况下滤波参数的选取规律.仿真结果表明,该参数优化准则能在不同条件下对滤波参数进行有效的自动最优化,提高了混沌信号协同滤波去噪算法的自适应性.     

Image denoising using trivariate prior model in nonsubsampled dual-tree complex contourlet transform domain and non-local means filter in spatial domain

Image denoising is always the basic problem of image processing, and the main challenge is how to effectively remove the noise and preserve the detailed information. This paper presents a new image denoising algorithm based on the combination of trivariate prior model in nonsubsampled dual-tree complex contourlet transformlet transform (NSDTCT) domain and non-local means filter (NLMF) in spatial domain. Firstly, NSDTCT is constructed by combining the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) and nonsubsampled directional filter banks (NSDFB). The noisy image is decomposed by using NSDTCT. Secondly, based on the correlation between the interscale and intrascale dependencies of NSDTCT coefficients, the distribution of the high frequency coefficients is modeled with the trivariate non-Gaussian distribution model. A nonlinear trivariate shrinkage function is derived in the framework of Bayesian theory, and then the denoised coefficients are obtained and inverse NSDTCT is performed to get the initial denoised image. Finally, NLMF is used to smooth the initial denoised image. Simulation experiment shows that our algorithm can obtain better performances than those outstanding denoising algorithms in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), mean structural similarity (MSSIM) as well as visual quality.     

旋转不变的非局域均值算法在磁共振图像去噪中的应用

磁共振成像（MRI）实验时常采用多次扫描累加平均提高图像信噪比（SNR）,但当扫描过程中运动引起图像变形时,简单地累加平均就无法奏效.为此,本研究组曾提出一种匹配加权平均方法（MWA）提高图像的信噪比.在此基础上,该文提出一种旋转不变的非局域均值算法（RINLM）,即选取圆形邻域区域并将其划分为一系列以中心像素为圆心的等面积圆环,再计算模式的相似性.RINLM算法可以更好地利用图像中旋转的冗余信息、找到更多的相似结构,提高算法的去噪性能.我们把该方法应用于低信噪比图像序列的平均和去噪中,可以更好地处理旋转的局部运动.与非局域均值算法（NLM）相比,RINLM算法可以进一步提高图像的信噪比;与MWA方法相比,其与RINLM算法的结合可以进一步提高磁共振图像序列信噪比,更好的保持图像边缘信息.     

Image restoration with dual-prior constraint models based on Split Bregman

In order to utilizing the local and non-local information in the image, we proposed a novel sparse scheme for image restoration in this paper. The new scheme includes two important contributions. The first one is that we extended the image prior model in conventional total variation to the dual-prior models for combining the local smoothness and non-local sparsity under regularization framework. The second one is we developed a modified iterative Split Bregman majorization method to solve the objective function with dual-prior models. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieved the state-of-the-art performance compared to the current restoration algorithms.     

基于形状特征的水声图像小目标识别方法

为了抑制背景噪声,提高目标识别准确率,该文提出一种基于形状特征的水声图像小目标识别方法。对含有目标的水声图像进行非局部均值去噪处理后,使用OTSU算法自适应选取阈值对去噪图像进行二值化分割,结合形态学处理获得分割后的目标区域;提取目标区域的矩形度、圆形度、几何不变矩等各项形状参数,将目标的特征向量输入随机森林分类器实现对目标形状的识别。在仿真和实测数据集上分别进行了实验,结果表明,该方法对水声图像中的目标具有较高的识别率,可以实现不同高斯噪声背景下的目标识别,相较于其他方法在识别率上有一定提高。     

Two-stage non-local means filtering with adaptive smoothing parameter

Non-local means (NLM) filtering is an efficacious algorithm in image denoising which searches the similar neighborhoods and estimates the pixel by averaging these neighborhoods. Some internal parameters such as patch size, search window size and smoothing strength have serious effects on filtering performance. This paper proposes an improved version of NLM by using weak textured patches based single image noise estimation and two-stage NLM with adaptive smoothing parameter. Our proposed method firstly applies weak textured patches based noise estimation to achieve the noise level of input noisy image. Then relying on the estimated noise level, we apply the first stage NLM with adaptive smoothing parameter to attain a basic denoised image. After that, the basic denoised image is refined by the second stage of NLM with smaller smoothing strength. Our experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the NLM and some NLM recent variants both in visual quality and numerical measures. Additionally, the potential halo effect is almost eliminated in the result images produced by our proposed method.     

An Adaptive Denoising Algorithm for Noisy Chaotic Signals Based on Local Sparse Representation

An adaptive denoising algorithm based on local sparse representation （local SR） is proposed. The basic idea is applying SR locally to clusters of signals embedded in a high-dimensional space of delayed coordinates. The clusters of signals are represented by the sparse linear combinations of atoms depending on the nature of the signal. The algorithm is applied to noisy chaotic signals denoising for testing its performance. In comparison with recently reported leading alternative denoising algorithms such as kernel principle component analysis （Kernel PCA）, local independent component analysis （local ICA）, local PCA, and wavelet shrinkage （WS）, the proposed algorithm is more efficient.     

基于复小波和局部梯度的靶标图像混合降噪

提出了一种有效去除光电成像测量系统中靶标图像噪音的混合降噪法.根据图像像素局部梯度模找出图像中受椒盐噪音污染的像素,使用中值滤波降噪.对去除椒盐噪音的图像,利用复对数Gabor小波提取各像素的相位信息和幅度信息,确定最小尺度滤波器对噪音幅度分布的估计值,从而自动地确定各个尺度上的噪音幅度分布的估计值和噪音萎缩阈值,达到有效降噪的目的.实验表明,该方法的降噪效果明显优于实symlet4小波、中值滤波和单一复对数Gabor小波降噪法.