TDX-200透射电子显微镜自动曝光原理研究

通过分析透射电子显微镜的曝光机理,得出了荧光屏亮度与曝光时间之间的关系表达式。设计了TDX-200透射电子显微镜自动曝光电路,并通过实验对自动曝光参数进行了标定。通过对多种实际样品在不同工作模式下进行自动曝光试验,得到了相对清晰的电子显微像。结果表明,TDX-200透射电子显微镜自动曝光的设计满足要求。     

High dynamic range imaging method for interferometry

We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the camera in a typical interferometric approach. The camera dynamic range is usually low and limited to 256 gray levels. Also, it is well known that one may have over or under-exposed regions in the interferogram (due to non-uniform illumination) which makes these image regions not reliable. In our proposed method it is not necessary to obtain or use the non-linear camera response curve in order to extend the camera dynamic range. We obtain a sequence of differently exposed interferograms, typically five or six; after that, we compute the corresponding normalized fringe patterns and modulation maps using a typical normalization method. These normalized patterns are combined through a temporal weighted average using as weights the corresponding modulation maps. We show a set of experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Research on temperature distribution of combustion flames based on high dynamic range imaging

The imaging-based three-color method is widely used in the field of non-contact temperature measurement of combustion flames. In this paper, by analyzing the imaging process of a combustion flame in detail, we re-derivate the three-color method by adopting a theory of high dynamic range imaging. Instead of using white balanced, gamma calibrated or other algorithms applied 8-bit pixel values, we use irradiance values on the image plane; these values are obtained by combining two differently exposed raw images into one high dynamic range irradiance map with the help of the imaging system's response function. An instrumentation system is presented and a series of experiments have been carried out, the results of which are satisfactory.     

基于二值化计算鬼成像的盲水印方法

提出了一种基于二值化计算鬼成像的盲水印方法.首先将水印图像经计算关联成像加密系统加密,并将加密数据二值化,然后将其隐藏到宿主图像的离散余弦变换域,实现水印信息的嵌入.水印信息的提取和重建是隐藏和加密的逆过程,分别借助提取密钥和解密密钥获取水印信息.仿真实验证明,该方法具有很好的隐蔽性,在嵌入因子α=10时,嵌入水印仍具有较好的不可感知性,含水印图像的峰值信噪比在38 dB以上;另外,该方法也具有一定的容错能力,提取的加密数据错误率达20%时,重建的水印信息仍能分辨和识别;与传统的计算鬼成像相比,加密数据的二值化为水印嵌入提供了方便,但是并未对重建图像带来严重恶化,其相关系数相差不足0.1;水印信息的提取无需借助原始宿主图像,是一种盲提取方法.     

基于数字微镜器件的自适应高动态范围成像方法及应用

在结构光三维扫描测量中,强反射表面因编码结构光照射后易产生局部镜面反射的特性,引起相机曝光饱和,淹没了所要检测的表面几何特征信息.为解决强反射表面的视觉成像难题,基于数字微镜器件(digital micromirror device,DMD)具有调制入射光线空间信息的特性,本文提出一种基于DMD的自适应高动态范围成像方法.设计与搭建了一套新型可编程的计算成像系统,建立其光学系统模型,并实现了DMD微镜与CMOS像素的匹配与映射;分析了基于逐像素编码曝光的高动态范围成像原理,并设计了基于DMD的光强编码控制算法,实现对入射光线强度的自适应精确调制,从而使进入成像系统中的入射光强始终处于相机的合适曝光强度内.实验表明:该方法突破了普通数字相机的动态范围限制,能够精确地控制被测强反射表面各个区域的入射光线强弱,并实现了对强反射表面的局部过曝光区域的清晰成像.该研究成果将为从根源上解决强反射表面因局部过曝光造成的三维点云缺失问题提供重要的解决方案.     

高动态范围图像合成中相机响应函数的快速标定

针对高动态范围图像合成过程中相机响应函数标定速度低的问题,提出了一种快速有效的相机响应函数标定的方法.首先根据不同曝光度的图像在成像过程中场景照度保持一致的特性,提出构建一种新的最小平方代价函数,以降低相机响应函数标定方程组的维数;然后在保证标定方程组求解效率的前提下,根据不同曝光度图像的噪音分布,引入高斯加权函数,有效减小多曝光图像在高亮或过暗区域成像过程中引入的噪音,并利用稳健的QR分解算法提高标定方程组的求解速度;最后采用查表的方法,利用高斯加权函数完成场景照度的合成及相应的色调映射,得到能表现整个场景亮区和暗区细节的可视化图像.实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,本文算法在保证相机响应函数标定准确度的同时,具有计算量小、速度快的优点,可实现相机响应函数的快速标定,而且所获得的可视化图像主观效果有所提高,在便携式摄像设备上具有广泛的应用前景.     

High dynamic range imaging for fringe projection profilometry with single-shot raw data of the color camera

It is a challenging issue to get satisfied results in terms of 3D imaging for shiny surface with fringe projection profilometry (FPP), as the wide variation of surface reflectance for shiny surface will lead to bad exposure, which requires the high dynamic range imaging (HDRI) technique. HDRI with monochromatic illumination and single-shot raw data of the color camera is presented in this paper. From the single-shot raw data, 4 monochrome sub-images corresponding to R, G, G and B channels can be separated respectively. After the attenuation ratios between R&G, G&B channels are calibrated, an image with higher dynamic range can be synthesized with the 4 sub-images, which can help to avoid the impact of bad exposure and improve the accuracy of phase calculation. Experiments demonstrate the validity of proposed method for shiny surface.     

基于HDR图像处理的数码相机成像式亮度测量方法

提出了一种基于高动态范围图像处理的成像式亮度测量方法。该方法首先利用一组由低动态范围时间曝光序列图像合成的HDR图像,经色彩空间变换得到色刺激值,然后利用数码相机特性曲线标定系数计算亮度值。通过对室外场景的实测实验,证明了算法的优越性。