Novel tricyclic diamines 3. Synthesis of 1,4-diazaadamantane

Synthesis of the previously unreported 1,4-diazaadamantane is described. The overall strategy involves complete saturation of a flat, aromatic heterocycle, appropriate functionalization and intramolecular double alkylation. The alkylation takes place via an iminophosphorane under anhydrous conditions, which produced superior results vs. alkylation of the corresponding primary amine.     

Synthetic study of yonarolide: stereoselective construction of the tricyclic core

Stereoselective construction of the tricyclic core of yonarolide (1), a marine norditerpenoid, was achieved. This synthetic route includes a Diels-Alder reaction and an intramolecular aldol condensation. It also involves efficient epimerization through a retro-Michael reaction-Michael addition and will be applicable to the total synthesis of 1.     

Synthesis and antitubercular activity of tricyclic analogs of puupehenone

Tricyclic analogs 2a and 8 were prepared by four-step routes. The key step was an intermolecular hetero Diels-Alder reaction involving a quinone methide.     

Synthesis, complexation studies and biological activity of some novel mono and tricyclic cyclophane amides and cyclophane sulfonamides

A series of mono, tricyclic cyclophane tetraamides and cyclophane sulfonamides have been synthesized and characterized from spectral and XRD studies. All the cyclophane amides form charge transfer (CT) complex with TCNQ. The cyclophane amides show moderate to good anti-inflammatory activity. Some of them were active against Gram positive (Klebsiella pneumonia) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) human pathogens.     

Synthetic studies toward aplysiasecosterol A: Construction of the novel tricyclic core

Aplysiasecosterol A, a 9,11-secosterol compound, has a unique tricyclic γ-diketone skeleton including a hemiacetal. The novel tricyclic core of aplysiasecosterol A is constructed by using intramolecular radical cyclization as a key step.     

Domino Mukaiyama-Michael reactions in the synthesis of polycyclic systems

Good results were obtained in the Mukaiyama-Michael reaction of the silyl enol ether of cyclohexanone with 2-methyl-2-cyclopentenone and carvone, with transfer of the silyl group to the receiving enone and with TrSbCl₆ as catalyst. A second Mukaiyama-Michael reaction of this new silyl enol ether with methyl vinyl ketone and cyclization of the resulting adduct leads to tricyclic compounds in one-pot domino sequences. The scope and limitations of this domino reaction have been investigated.     

A facile synthesis of novel tricyclic 4-pyridones

A new and efficient synthesis of tricyclic 4-pyridone analogs through the intramolecular Heck coupling cyclization was described. This reaction features mild conditions and good functional group tolerance allowing for the preparation of several novel tricyclic 4-pyridone analogs.     

Synthesis of aziridinomitosenes through base-catalyzed conjugate addition

Synthesis of an aziridinomitosene core structure that relies on a facile tertiary-amine base-catalyzed azide conjugate addition is reported. Straightforward derivatization of the conjugate addition product affords the desired mitomycin ring system. Initial catalyst screens have identified peptides that afford the product with modest enantioselectivities.     

Novel tricyclic diamines 2. Synthesis of 1,7-diazaisoadamantane, 1,5-diazaisoadamantane and 1,6-diazahomobrendane

Three novel tricyclic diamines (1,7-diazaisoadamantane, 1,5-diazaisoadamantane and 1,6-diazahomobrendane) were prepared. A flexible synthetic strategy was employed which used flat, aromatic azaindoles as the starting materials. The requisite azaindoles were prepared by a tandem Sonogashira coupling/intramolecular cyclization reaction. Ring saturation, appropriate functionalization and intramolecular alkylation provided the three novel tricyclic diamines cores.     

The fluoride ion-induced intramolecular conjugate addition of propargylsilanes to dihydropyridones. A novel method for the stereoselective construction of azabicyclic ring systems

The fluoride ion-induced intramolecular conjugate addition of propargylsilanes to dihydropyridones is reported. Our results revealed that tetrabutylammonium triphenyldifluorosilicate (TBAT), an air-stable, non-hygroscopic fluoride ion source, catalyzes cyclocondensation to provide the corresponding 1-vinylidene indolizidines in a high yield as single isomers, while Lewis acid catalysts were ineffective. The scope of this method was further investigated in the reactions leading to compounds with larger ring size. In these cases dihydropyridones with the propargylsilane located in the side-chain underwent cyclization to give 9-vinylidene quinolizidines with significantly lower yields.     

Novel tricyclic diamines 1. Synthesis of 1,4-diazaisotwistane and 1,4-diazahomoisotwistane as constrained 3-aminoquinuclidine isosteres

Synthesis of the novel tricyclic diamines 1,4-diazaisotwistane and 1,4-diazahomoisotwistane are described. These compact tricyclic cores have one tertiary and one secondary amine and may serve as ring-constrained isosteres of 3-aminoquinuclidine. Both tricycles were prepared by a similar strategy involving saturation of an appropriately substituted aromatic azaindole, functionalization and intramolecular alkylation.     

A Practical Synthesis of Hydroxyl-N-tosylcyclams via Cyclization of 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol with Disodium Di(Poly)-N-Tosylamides

Cyclization of 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol with di(poly)-N-to-sylamides in the presence of sodium ethoxide in ethanol under reflux conditions gave hydroxyl-N-tosylcyclams in moderate yields. This procedure presents a practical and facile method for synthesis of [1+1] all-nitrogen cyclams.     

Highly strained tricyclic molecules: tricyclo[p.q.0.0]alkanes and phosphatricyclo[m.1.0.0]alkanes

We theoretically investigate ring strains of tricyclic molecules or tricyclo[p.q.0.0^1,f]alkanes by calculating the strain energies as heat of the homodesmotic reactions. The strain energies are well correlated with the deformation from the tetrahedral configuration of the C₁ atom. We theoretically design less strained tricyclic molecules by replacing some carbon atoms with phosphorus atoms.     

Synthesis of 4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydro- and hexahydro-dibenzothiophene

2-Bromo-3-methylcyclohexanone was synthesized by conjugate addition of trimethylaluminium to 2-bromo-2-cyclohexen-1-one with copper bromide as catalyst, coupled with 2-methylthiophenol and annulated with the aid of polyphosphoric acid to 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrodibenzothiophene. The latter was hydrogenated to 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9b-hexahydrodibenzothiophene, another intermediate in the hydrodesulfurization of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene, by zinc and trifluoroacetic acid, and dehydrogenated to 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene.     

A Convenient Synthesis of 4-Nitrophenethylamine Hydrochloride

Abstract

A short, convenient, and efficient synthesis of 4-nitrophenethylamine hydrochloride is described. The key step involved removal of water from 4-nitrophenylalanine monohydrate followed by decarboxylation.     

A new tricyclic triketone from tandem condensation reactions

Perhydrophenanthrene-1,5,10-trione (6) was isolated from the reaction of methyl 3-(carboxymethyl)cyclohexanone and cyclohexenone in a tandem Michael-Claisen reaction. NMR and X-ray analysis confirmed the structure of the product.     

Synthesis of eight-membered iminocyclitols from d-glucose

The Baylis-Hillman reaction of 3-O-benzyl-α-d-xylo-pentodialdo-1,4-furanose 2 afforded a diastereomeric mixture of l-ido- and d-gluco-configurated α-methylene-β-hydroxy esters 3a and 3b, respectively, in 1:1 ratio. Conjugate addition of benzyl amine on 3a gave adduct 4a as a major product while, addition of benzyl amine to 3b gave only one diastereomer 4b. Reduction of ester functionality in 4a/4b, opening of 1,2-acetonide functionality followed by reductive amino-cyclization under hydrogenation condition afforded azocanes 1c/1d in good yield.     

Nucleophilic addition to nitroacrylates: application towards the synthesis of 2,3-dehydroamino acids and 2,3-diamino acids

The addition of the N-pronucleophiles to 2- or 3-nitro-2-alkenoates in the presence of base provided Michael addition products. In the case of 3-nitro compounds, reaction occurred via the formation of α-adducts and the subsequent elimination of nitrous acid to produce olefins with high Z stereoselectivity. 3-Phthalimido-2-nitrocinnamate adduct 8a was converted into 2,3-diamino ester 11a.     

A micellar liquid chromatographic method for quality control of pharmaceutical preparations containing tricyclic antidepressants

Summary Micellar liquid chromatography methods for quality control of pharmaceutical preparations (capsules, pills, tablets, injections) containing the tricyclic antidepressants amineptine, amitriptiline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, melitracen and nortriptyline alone or together with other CNS drugs like diazepam, medazepam and perphenazine are described. The methods using micellar solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as mobile phases and UV detection are rapid and reproducible. Due to the versatility of interactions in micellar liquid chromatography, it is possible determine highly hydrophobic compounds such as TCAs in a short time using mobile phases containing low organic solvent concentrations and usual flow rates, in contrast with the RP-HPLC methods proposed for these compounds. Samples preparation only requires solution and adequate dilution with the mobile phase before injection into the chromatographic system.     

Synthesis of the 6-6-6 tricyclic skeleton of the anti-influenza A diterpene wickerol A

A five-step synthesis of the 6-6-6 tricyclic skeleton of the diterpene wickerol A is described. The synthesis features a diastereoselective d-proline-mediated Robinson annulation and N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed Stetter reaction as key transformations to give the tricyclic carbon skeleton of this promising anti-influenza A natural product.