有机催化靛红衍生酮亚胺与噁唑酮的不对称Mannich型加成反应

研究了手性磷酸催化的靛红衍生酮亚胺与噁唑酮的不对称Mannich型加成反应, 以良好至优秀的收率(高达97%)、 对映选择性(高达99% e.e.)以及非对映选择性(均>20∶1 d.r.)得到一系列含噁唑酮骨架的手性3,3′-二取代氧化吲哚化合物. 该反应可以进行扩大化和衍生反应.     

亚胺及其类似物的催化不对称炔基化反应新进展

手性炔丙胺是天然产物和药物活性分子不对称全合成中常用的关键中间体,亚胺及其类似物的不对称炔基化反应可以为该砌块提供高效高对映选择性的合成路径;此外通过合理的底物和反应设计,亚胺的不对称炔基化反应还能作为一系列串联反应的起点,来合成多种结构新颖的含氮杂环化合物.因此,亚胺及其类似物的高效高对映选择性炔基化反应得到合成化学...     

靛红衍生的硝酮与酮亚胺的不对称直接氮杂插烯Mannich反应

不对称直接插烯Mannich反应是一类高效构建手性δ-氨基-α,β-不饱和羰基化合物的方法,但这类反应主要局限于以γ-丁烯酸内酯及类似物和α,α-二氰基烯烃等作为亲核试剂前体,因此发展新的插烯亲核试剂尤为重要.本工作报道了一类从靛红衍生且含N-CH结构的硝酮化合物,由于氧化吲哚骨架的强吸电子效应能在温和碱性条件下生成氮杂二烯醇中间体,高效与靛红衍生的亚胺发生直接氮杂插烯Mannich反应.采用金鸡纳碱衍生的手性双功能叔胺硫脲催化剂,以高收率（70%～97%）、高立体选择性（83%～99% ee,>19∶1 dr）合成富官能团化并含相邻季碳-叔碳手性中心的硝酮化合物,且可进一步与缺电烯烃发生[3+2]偶极环加成反应构建含有氢化异噁唑环的吲哚螺环复杂骨架.这类靛红衍生的硝酮作为氮杂插烯亲核试剂可能在不对称合成中具有更为广阔的应用.     

有机催化靛红亚胺与1,3二羰基化合物的不对称Mannich反应

将Takemoto型(硫)脲及方酰胺衍生物催化剂用于靛红亚胺与1,3-二羰基化合物的不对称Mannich反应,筛选出最佳催化剂体系为:10 mol%催化剂1h,1 mLCHCl₃为溶剂,室温反应,以82～92%的产率和最高达94%的对映选择性获得手性3-氨基-2-吲哚酮化合物。     

催化剂控制的可调控的化学和非对映选择性:靛红衍生的Morita-Baylis-Hillman碳酸酯的环化反应

正Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2016,55,2147~2151通过催化剂控制反应的化学或非对映选择性是不对称催化的研究热点,能够以相同的原料在相似的反应条件下生成不同产物,从而提高合成效率;而在反应中能够同时实现化学和非对映选择性的调控、构建多样性手性化合物是一项极具挑战性的工作.四川大学华西药学院陈应春课题组使用不同手性Lewis碱,在催化靛红衍生的MoritaBaylis-Hillman碳酸酯和2-亚烷基-1,3-茚二酮的环化反应中成功地实现了化学选择性和非对映选择性的调控.手性     

一个新的Cu(II)-二胺配合物催化的Henry反应

研究了L-脯氨酸制得的C2-对称二胺,与醋酸铜形成新的配合物,催化各种醛与硝基烷烃间的Henry反应。 考察了反应温度、溶剂和催化剂用量对收率和反应速率的影响。 研究结果表明,在室温下,以乙醇作为反应溶剂时,摩尔分数10%的二胺醋酸铜配合物能够有效地催化醛与硝基甲烷反应,生成相应的β-硝基醇,收率为60%~92%。 醛与硝基乙烷的Henry反应产物具有非对映立体选择性。 芳香醛参与Henry反应产物的非对映选择性高达24∶1,但脂肪醛为底物时,此催化剂对Henry反应的非对映选择性不明显。     

聚乙二醇负载的二茂铁噁唑啉配体的合成及其应用

报道了聚乙二醇(MeO-PEG)负载的二茂铁噁唑啉衍生的手性N,P和N,S配体的合成. 所得负载N,P配体可以成功应用于银催化的[3+2]环加成反应, 最高取得了97%的对映选择性. 另外聚乙二醇负载二茂铁N,S配体可以成功应用于钯催化的烯丙基取代反应, 取得了90%的ee值. 值得注意是, 聚乙二醇负载形成的催化剂循环使用4次后其催化活性和选择性仍可基本保持.     

有机催化异氰基乙酸甲酯与芳香醛亚胺的不对称Mannich反应

将金鸡纳生物碱衍生物用于有机催化异氰基乙酸甲酯与芳香醛亚胺的不对称Mannich反应。 考察溶剂、温度及催化剂用量对反应催化性能的影响。 结果表明,最佳催化条件为摩尔分数10%催化剂1b,甲苯为溶剂,4A型分子筛,室温反应。 产物产率为55%~80%,对映选择性最高达82%ee(对映体过量值)和非对映选择性(dr)达到>99：1。     

培养基碳源对固定化酵母细胞催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原反应的影响

 尽管含芳香基等较大取代基团的底物能被生物转化为高对映体纯手性有机硅醇,但生物催化其他底物还原反应的产物收率及对映体选择性均较低. 作者筛选到一株能高效催化羰基/羟基不对称转化的酵母菌株,探讨了用固定化酵母细胞高效催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原制1-三甲基硅乙醇的可能性,系统研究了培养基碳源及其浓度对该反应的影响. 发现在水/正己烷两相体系中,固定化酵母细胞能催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原成1-三甲基硅乙醇. 可通过调节培养基碳源的种类及其浓度在一定程度上控制反应的产物收率及对映体选择性. 以最适碳源(3.0%麦芽汁)培养的酵母细胞催化该反应的产物收率和对映体过量值分别为91.3%和72.8%,远高于文献报道值.     

通过不对称多组分反应高效构建手性磺酰胺类化合物

手性磺酰胺类化合物在新型药物方面研究中占据越来越重要的地位.我们成功地实现了磺酰胺、芳基重氮乙酸酯以及亚胺的不对称三组分反应.此反应给出了高达85%产率,以及优异的非对映选择性（d.r.>20：1）和对映选择性（最高可达99%ee）,为高效构建具有两个手性碳的光学纯磺酰胺类化合物提供了一种快速合成方法.我们将反应放大到了克级规模,并对三组分产物进一步衍生得到一种具有三个手性中心的光学纯含亚砜亚胺骨架的五元环化合物.反应的选择性通过过渡金属与手性磷酸协同催化控制.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.