The value distribution of meromorphic solutions of some second order nonlinear difference equation

In this paper, we investigate some properties of solutions for some nonlinear difference equation, and obtain some estimates of the exponent of convergence of poles and growth of its transcendental meromorphic solutions $f(z)$ and its difference $\Delta f(z)$. Moreover, we study the existence and forms of rational solutions. We also give some examples to support our theoretical discussion.     

Extending Two Fixpoint Theorems of Langley and Zheng

We extend two theorems on fixpoints of f(z) by Langley and Zheng [1] to the consideration of points where f(z) = Q(z) for some rational function Q such that Q(∞) = ∞. In addition, we extend the class of functions f from transcendental entire functions to meromorphic functions with relatively few poles.     

ON EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENCE RICCATI EQUATION

Consider the difference Riccati equation f(z+1) =(A(z)f(z)+B(z))/(C(z)f(z)+D(z)),where A,B, C,D are meromorphic functions, we give its solution family with one-parameter H(f(z))={f_0(z),f(z)=((f_1(z)-f_0(z))(f_2(z)-f_0(z)))/(Q(z)(f_2(z)-f_1(z))+(f_2(z)-f_0(z)))}, where Q(z) is any constant in C or any periodic meromorphic function with period 1, and f_0(z),f_1(z),f_2(z) are its three distinct meromorphic solutions.     

复合解析函数族分担亚纯函数的正规性

本文推广了Bergweiler的一个正规定则:设α(z)和F分别是区域D上的非常数解析函数与解析函数族,R(z)是一个次数不低于2的有理函数.如果对族F中函数f(z)和g(z),Rof(z)和Rog(z)分担α(z)IM,并且下述条件之一成立:(1)对任意z0∈D,R(z)-α(z0)有至少两个不同的零点或极点;(2)存在z0∈D使得R(z)-α(z0):=P(z)Q(z)仅有一个零点(或极点)β0,同时k=lp(或k=lq),其中l和k分别是f(z)-β0和α(z)-α(z0)在z0处的零点重数,P(z)和Q(z)分别是次数为p和q的互质的多项式,并且α(z0)∈C∪{∞}.那么F在D内正规.     

亚纯函数微分多项式f~kQ[f]+P[f]的零点分布

从例外集的角度研究了亚纯函数微分多项式fkQ[f]+P[f]的零点分布,证明了:对于满足δ(∞,f)1-α>0的超越亚纯函数f(z),微分多项式fkQ[f]+P[f]在不含极点的可数个圆盘并集之外有无穷多个零点,其中k>1+ΓP+γP+α1(-1+αΓQ+ΓP-γP),ΓQ是Q[f]的权,ΓP,γP是P[f]的权和次数.本文推广了Hayman,Anderson,Langley等人的结论.     

一类非齐次复微分方程解的增长性

研究了一类线性非齐次微分方程f(k)+ak-1f(k-1)+…+a1f-′(eQ(z)-a0)f=eQ(z)+F(z)解的增长性,其中aj(j=0,1,…,k-1)为常数,Q(z)为非常数多项式,F(z)为级小于deg Q的整函数.     

The growth of solutions of f″+ e-zf′+ Q(z)f - 0 where the order (Q)＝ I

This paper investigates the growth of solutions of the equation f" + e-zf′ + Q(z)f＝ 0 wherethe order (Q)＝ 1. When Q(z) ＝ h(z)ebz, h(z) is nonzero polynomial, b ≠ -1 is a complex constant, every solution of the above equation has infinite order and the hyper-order 1. We improve the results of M. Frei, M.Ozawa, G. Gundersen and J. K. Langley.     

The convergence of padé approximants and the size of the power series coefficients

Let f be a power series ∑a_izⁱ with complex coefficients. The (n. n) Pade approximant to f is a rational function P/Q where P and Q are polynomials, Q(z) ? 0, of degree ≦ n such that f(z)Q(z)-P(z) = Az²ⁿ⁺¹ + higher degree terms. It is proved that if the coefficients a_i satisfy a certain growth condition, then a corresponding subsequence of the sequence of (n, n) Pade approximants converges to f in the region where the power series f converges, except on an exceptional set E having a certain Hausdorff measure 0. It is also proved that the result is best possible in the sense that we may have divergence on E. In particular,there exists an entire function f such that the sequence of (ny n) Pade approximants diverges everywhere (except at 0)     

微分方程f″+e^{az}f′+Q(z)f=F(z) 的复振荡

该文研究了线性微分方程f″+e^{az}f′+Q(z)f=F(z)的复振荡问题，其中Q(z)、F(z )( 0)是整函数，且σ(Q)=1,σ(F)<+∞,Q(z)=h(z)e^{bz},h(z)是多项式，b≠-1是复常数，那么上述线性微分方程的所有解f(z)满足~λ(f)=λ(f)=σ(f)=∞,~λ_2(f)=λ_2(f)=σ_2(f)=1.至多除去两个例外复数a及一个可能的有穷级例外解f_0(z)。     

Value distribution of meromorphic solutions of certain difference Painlevé equations

The Borel exceptional value and the exponents of convergence of poles, zeros and fixed points of finite order transcendental meromorphic solutions for difference Painlevé I and II equations are estimated. And the forms of rational solutions of the difference Painlevé II equation and the autonomous difference Painlevé I equation are also given. It is also proved that the non-autonomous difference Painlevé I equation has no rational solution.     

H_q~p（p≥1，1＜q≤2）空间有理函数最佳逼近的正定理

本文在按面积加权平均的Ｈｐｑ（ｐ≥１，１＜ｑ≤２）到空间中，在多项式最佳逼近阶的估计的基础上，用有理函数逼近多项式，得到了以在单位圆外预先给定的点列｛αｋ｝中的任意有限个点为极点的有理函数逼近高阶导函数属于该空间的解析函数阶的估计的正定理．第三节提供了尚待研究的问题．     

Entire solutions of delay differential equations of Malmquist type

The celebrated Malmquist theorem states that a differential equation, which admits a transcendental meromorphic solution, reduces into a Riccati differential equation. Motivated by the integrability of difference equations, this paper investigates the delay differential equations of form $w(z+1)-w(z-1)+a(z)\frac{w''(z)}{w(z)}=R(z, w(z))(*),$ where $R(z, w(z))$ is an irreducible rational function in $w(z)$ with rational coefficients and $a(z)$ is a rational function. We characterize all reduced forms when the equation $(*)$ admits a transcendental entire solution with hyper-order less than one. When we compare with the results obtained by Halburd and Korhonen[Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 145, no.6 (2017)], we obtain the reduced forms without the assumptions that the denominator of rational function $R(z,w(z))$ has roots that are nonzero rational functions in $z$. The value distribution and forms of transcendental entire solutions for the reduced delay differential equations are studied. The existence of finite iterated order entire solutions of the Kac-van Moerbeke delay differential equation is also detected.     

一类高阶非齐次线性微分方程亚纯解的零点

利用亚纯函数的值分布理论研究了下列高阶线性微分方程解的增长性及解的零点增长性,f^((k))+A_(k-1)f((k))+A_(k-1)f^((k-1))+…+A_1f′+A_0f=F(z)其中A_0,A_1,…,A_(k-1),F≠0是亚纯函数.证明了如果A_0以∞为亏值或Borel例外值,那么方程的所有非零解的零点收敛指数均为无穷,至多除去一个例外解,获得的结果推广了以前一些文献的结论.     

Growth,Zeros and Fixed points of Differences of Meromorphic Solutions of Difference Equations

In this paper,we study the di erence equation a1(z)f(z+1)+a0(z)f(z)=0;where a1(z)and a0(z)are entire functions of nite order.Under some conditions,we obtain some properties,such as xed points,zeros etc.,of the di erences and forward di erences of meromorphic solutions of the above equation.     

亚纯函数微分多项式f~kQ[f]+P[f]的零点分布

文[4]对简单形式的微分多项式fkf’+a的零点分布进行了讨论,文[1]对一般形式的微分多项式fkQ[f]+P[f]的零点分布进行了讨论.但由于极点给证明带来的困难,这些工作主要是对整函数来做的.本文证明了任一满足δ(∞,f)>k+2ΓQ+3ΓP+2/2k+2ΓQ+1的超越亚纯函数f,微分多项式fkQ[f]+P[f]在不含f,Q[f]极点和P[f]零、极点的可数个圆盘并集之外有无穷多个零点,其中k≥3Γp+2,而ΓQ,ΓP分别是f的微分多项式Q[f],P[f]的权.文[1]和[2,4,6]中的结论是本文结论的特殊情况.     

The growth of solutions of <Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>″ + e<Superscript>-z</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>′+ Q(z)<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> = 0 where the order (Q) = 1

This paper investigates the growth of solutions of the equation f″ + e^-z f′ + Q(z)f = 0 where the order (Q) = 1. When Q(z) = h(z)e^bz, h(z) is nonzero polynomial, b ≠ - 1 is a complex constant, every solution of the above equation has infinite order and the hyper-order 1. We improve the results of M. Frei, M. Ozawa, G. Gundersen and J. K. Langley.     

某类$q$差分方程亚纯解的性质

对于一个有穷非零复数$q$, 若下列$q$差分方程存在一个非常数亚纯解$f$, $$f(qz)f(\frac{z}{q})=R(z,f(z))=\frac{P(z,f(z))}{Q(z,f(z))}=\frac{\sum_{j=0}^{\tilde{p}}a_j(z)f^{j}(z)}{\sum_{k=0}^{\tilde{q}}b_k(z)f^{k}(z)},\eqno(\dag)$$ 其中 $\tilde{p}$和$\tilde{q}$是非负整数, $a_j$ ($0\leq j\leq \tilde{p}$)和$b_k$ ($0\leq k\leq \tilde{q}$)是关于$z$的多项式满足$a_{\tilde{p}}\not\equiv 0$和$b_{\tilde{q}}\not\equiv 0$使得$P(z,f(z))$和$Q(z,f(z))$是关于$f(z)$互素的多项式, 且$m=\tilde{p}-\tilde{q}\geq 3$. 则在$|q|=1$时得到方程$(\dag)$不存在亚纯解, 在$m\geq 3$和$|q|\neq 1$时得到方程$(\dag)$解$f$的下级的下界估计.     

一类二阶线性微分方程解的增长性

本文研究一类二阶齐次线性微分方程f"+A_1(z)e~(P(z))f'+A_0(z)e~(Q(z))f=0,解的增长性,其中P(z)=az~n,Q(z)=bz~n,ab≠0,a=cb(c1),A_j(z)(j=0,1)是非零多项式,证明了该方程的每个非零解满足σ(f)=∞并且σ_2(f)=n.     

关于Schr(o)der函数Borel方向的一个应用

本文应用Borel方向和充满圆的关系得到了方程F(z)=R(f(z))的一个充分必要条件,并给出它关于Schr(o)der方程f(sz)=R(f(z))的-个应用,这里s是一常数且|s|＞,R(w)是次数大于2的有理函数.     

涉及微分多项式的亚纯函数的增长性

本文讨论了具有亏值的超越亚纯函数的增长性,证明了如下定理：设有下级为有穷的超越亚纯函数ｆ（ｚ）具有一亏值（有穷或否）,（ｚ）＝ｆｎＱ［ｆ］＋ Ｐ［ｆ］为ｆ（ｚ）的微分多项式,其中Ｑ［ｆ］（≠０）与Ｐ［ｆ］（≠０）的各项系数均为级不超过的亚纯函数,且 Ｐ［ｆ］的权 ．又△（θｊ）（ｊ＝ １;２;…;ｑ; θｑ+1＝θ1+2π）为条从原点出发的半直线;且对有：其中为不依赖于的非负常数,则必有ｆ｛ｚ｝的级ｍａｘ,其中