基于侧漏型光子晶体光纤高灵敏度宽线性范围弯曲传感器的研究

基于所研制的侧漏型光子晶体光纤, 提出并研制出一种Sagnac干涉仪型高灵敏度宽线性测量范围的弯曲传感器. 实验研究结果表明, 当侧漏型光子晶体光纤中的线性缺陷与弯曲方向一致时, 采用群双折射和波谷波长偏移量测量弯曲曲率均可获得高的弯曲灵敏度, 但线性测量范围小, 且不能进行小弯曲曲率的测量. 当线性缺陷与弯曲方向垂直时, 以波谷波长偏移量进行弯曲曲率检测, 可获得10.798 nm/m^-1高灵敏度的同时且可实现0–5.03 m^-1的宽线性测量范围, 结合测量矩阵的引入可实现温度和弯曲曲率的同时测量, 进而剔除环境温度变化对弯曲曲率检测的干扰, 实现了高灵敏度宽线性范围的弯曲传感; 而以群双折射进行弯曲曲率检测, 虽然检测灵敏度较低, 但可实现对环境温度不敏感的弯曲传感. 关键词： 弯曲传感器 侧漏型光子晶体光纤 高灵敏度 宽线性范围     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

 提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

一种新型侧漏型光子晶体光纤的研制及其传输特性研究

通过引入椭圆掺锗芯和侧向泄露通道, 提出并研制出一种侧漏型光子晶体光纤(photonic crystal fiber, PCF). 应用结构重构全矢量有限元数值分析法分析了设计结构和实际研制的侧漏型PCF的传输特性. 研制的侧漏型PCF, 在波长1550 nm处基模的平均模场直径为9.275 μm, 与G652标准单模光纤具有很好的适配性, 模式双折射为0.837× 10^-4, 群双折射约为1.508× 10^-4. 基于研制的侧漏型PCF光纤构建了Sagnac干涉仪, 对其群双折射进行了测量. 测量结果表明:当侧漏型PCF光纤达到一定长度时, 在1450–1750 nm波长范围内, 二阶模在光纤中不能成为有效传输模式, 光纤可以实现单模传输; 另外, 研制的侧漏型PCF群双折射实验的测量平均值, 与数值分析结果相符合. 侧向泄露通道的引入, 增强了侧漏型PCF光纤对外界参量变化的敏感性, 提高了其在扭转、弯曲、压力等参量的光纤传感和高性能光纤激光器构建等方面的应用潜能. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 侧向泄露通道 双折射 Sagnac干涉仪     

基于低双折射光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的超低温度系数扭曲传感器

研究了低双折射光子晶体光纤中由光纤扭曲造成的圆双折射效应,并应用Sagnac干涉仪结构设计了扭曲传感器.在Sagnac环中的光子晶体光纤上施加机械压力引入初始线双折射并产生正弦干涉光谱,再扭曲光纤产生圆双折射使干涉光谱随扭曲角度移动.光谱峰值波长随扭曲角度变化符合Sinc函数关系,理论分析与实验相符.传感器灵敏度为1....     

基于低双折射光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的超低温度系数扭曲传感器

研究了低双折射光子晶体光纤中由光纤扭曲造成的圆双折射效应,并应用Sagnac干涉仪结构设计了扭曲传感器.在Sagnac环中的光子晶体光纤上施加机械压力引入初始线双折射并产生正弦干涉光谱,再扭曲光纤产生圆双折射使干涉光谱随扭曲角度移动.光谱峰值波长随扭曲角度变化符合Sinc函数关系,理论分析与实验相符.传感器灵敏度为1.00 nm/°,分比率为0.01°,并具有超低的温度系数-0.5 pm/℃.     

光子晶体光纤气体传感器

光纤传感器因其具有体积小、 抗电磁干扰、 灵敏度高、 可以形成分布式测量等优势, 成为传感领域研究的热 点之一. 介绍了光子晶体光纤气体传感器的基本原理、 分类及最新研究进展, 并指出了今后研究需要解决的问题     

光子晶体光纤温度压力传感器

提出了一种在高温环境下同时测量温度和气压的光子晶体光纤温度压力传感器.在普通单模光纤和光子晶体光纤之间熔接一段空心光纤构成干涉结构.空心光纤段构成非本征法布里-珀罗干涉仪,利用光子晶体光纤的微孔与外界相通,通过气体折射率变化来测量环境中的气压变化;光子晶体光纤段构成本征法布里-珀罗干涉仪,利用热膨胀效应和热光效应来测量环境中的温度.传感器的解调通过自制的白光干涉解调仪实现,实验通过测量腔长得到被测环境的温度和气压.在不同温度和气压环境下,对腔长分别为306μm和1535μm的温度压力光纤传感器进行连续测量.实验结果表明,传感器能够在28~800℃的温度下和0~10 MPa的气压下稳定工作,测量范围内温度灵敏度可达17.4 nm/℃,压力灵敏度随温度增加而降低,在28℃时可达1460.5 nm/MPa.     

光子晶体光纤

近几年来，光纤家族又增添了一个新的成员——光子晶体光纤。该光纤对于传统意义的光纤而言，其传输机理有着本质上的差别，因而无论是在通信领域还是在光纤传感领域，都引起了人们极大的兴趣。并被誉为下一代光纤。具有微观结构是光子晶体光纤的主要特点。按照传光机理，通常将光子晶体光纤分为两类：全内反射效应型和光子带隙效应型。本文简要的介绍并讨论了这两种光子晶体光纤有别于谱通光纤的基本特性。     

光子晶体光纤和波导

文章简述了光子晶体光纤和光子晶体波导的类型,导光原理及制作方法等,展示了近年来它们的进展及重要的应用前景。     

Curvature measurement by using low-birefringence photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac loop

An optical fiber curvature sensor with low-birefringence photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based Sagnac loop is demonstrated experimentally. The low-birefringence PCF of about 40 cm long is inserted into Sagnac loop, and a section of it about 155 mm is used as the sensing element. The Sagnac output spectra under different curvatures are measured and analyzed. The results show that the wavelength shift of the transmission dip has a linear relationship with the curvature. The sensitivity of the curvature measurement of − 0.337 nm is achieved in the range of 0-9.92 m^− 1. And the temperature effect of the proposed sensor is also analyzed.     

用光子晶体光纤光栅实现温度、应力和气体浓度的同时传感

为了解决传统光纤传感在传感不同物理参量时需要多个传感器的问题,并拓展光纤在同时传感多参量方面的应用,结合光子晶体光纤（PCF）中基模与高阶模光的不同传感特性以及气体吸收传感原理,在PCF传感温度、应力双参量的实验基础上,应用理论分析的手段探讨了同时传感温度、应力和气体浓度3种参量的方法。给出了3种参量的计算式并进行了数值模拟,最后设计了一套相对简单、性价比高的传感解调系统。理论分析和数值模拟表明:温度在0℃以上时可以获得高于0.98 pm/℃的温度灵敏度;基模光应力灵敏度为1.2 pm/,高阶模光可获得高于0.83 pm/的应力灵敏度;长度较短的光子晶体光纤能够测量较高的气体浓度。本方案使用2个写入光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）的PCF作为传感器同时传感温度、应力和气体浓度3种参量,能够有效降低传感成本,拓宽气体、液体传感研究的思路。     

High sensitivity dual core photonic crystal fiber sensor for simultaneous detection of two samples

The optical control ability of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is a distinctive property suitable for improving sensing and plasma performance. This article proposes a dual-core D-channel PCF sensor that can detect two samples simultaneously, which effectively solves the problems of coating difficulty and low wavelength sensitivity. The PCF has four layers of air holes, which dramatically reduces the optical fiber loss and is more conducive to the application of sensors in actual production. In addition, by introducing dual cores on the upper and lower sides of the central air hole, reducing the spacing between the core and the gold nanolayer, a stronger evanescent field can be generated in the cladding air hole. The optical fiber sensor can detect the refractive index of two samples simultaneously with a maximum sensitivity of 21300 nm/RIU. To the best of our knowledge, the sensitivity achieved in this work is the highest sensitivity with the dual sample synchronous detection sensors. The detection range of the refraction index is 1.35-1.41, and the resolution of the sensor is 4.695×10^-6. Overall, the sensor will be suitable for medical detection, organic chemical sensing, analyte detection, and other fields.     

A review of photonic crystal fiber sensor applications for different physical quantities

Since the early conceptual and practical demonstrations in the late 1990s, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted considerable interest by virtue of their promise to deliver a unique range of optical properties that are simply not possible in standard fiber types. Hollow-core photonic band gap fiber has the potential to overcome some of the fundamental limitations of solid fiber as they also provide a unique medium for a range of light. PCF also be used as a unique optical material to make sensors due to the air-holes that can be filled with different materials (liquid, gas or even solid) to alter the difference of refractive index (RI) in the two modes, has been used in various sensing search fields. The application of PCF on physical quantities is discussed, and the recent results on temperature, magnetic, strain and vibration are reviewed. These developments demonstrate that the enlarged complexity and decreased accuracy of sensors offered by PCF make it useful in a wide range of engineering monitoring applications.     

Tunable and highly sensitive temperature sensor based on graphene photonic crystal fiber

Optical fiber temperature sensors have been widely employed in enormous areas ranging from electric power industry, medical treatment, ocean dynamics to aerospace. Recently, graphene optical fiber temperature sensors attract tremendous attention for their merits of simple structure and direct power detecting ability. However, these sensors based on transfer techniques still have limitations in the relatively low sensitivity or distortion of the transmission characteristics, due to the unsuitable Fermi level of graphene and the destruction of fiber structure, respectively. Here, we propose a tunable and highly sensitive temperature sensor based on graphene photonic crystal fiber (Gr-PCF) with the non-destructive integration of graphene into the holes of PCF. This hybrid structure promises the intact fiber structure and transmission mode, which efficiently enhances the temperature detection ability of graphene. From our simulation, we find that the temperature sensitivity can be electrically tuned over four orders of magnitude and achieve up to ～ 3.34×10^-3 dB/(cm·℃) when the graphene Fermi level is ～ 35 meV higher than half the incident photon energy. Additionally, this sensitivity can be further improved by ～ 10 times through optimizing the PCF structure (such as the fiber hole diameter) to enhance the light-matter interaction. Our results provide a new way for the design of the highly sensitive temperature sensors and broaden applications in all-fiber optoelectronic devices.     

基于光子晶体光纤的弱压力传感器研究

利用有限元法仿真了光子晶体光纤的双折射与横向压力之间的关系,研究弱压力条件下光子晶体光栅的特性。虽然光子晶体光纤比传统的阶跃光纤对压力更为敏感,但弱压力导致的双折射变化很小,应用测量布拉格波长的变化测量压力的变化比较困难。采用偏振相关损耗来测量外界微弱压力导致的双折射变化。仿真结果表明：利用偏振相关损耗的方法,测量灵敏度可达0.75dB/MPa。