基于PSD的高精度光电定心仪

针对目前定心仪精度不高、并依赖于人眼的现状,提出一种基于PSD的高精度定心仪研究方法。采用自准直光路形式和位置敏感探测器PSD对经过被测目标返回的光斑实行定位,并通过读取计算机上的坐标值来判断是否达到准确的定心。文中对定心仪的光学系统进行设计,并运用神经网络的训练来校正PSD的非线性,在测量范围2 mm~500 mm内定心精度达到1 m的设计要求。     

新型反射式激光定心仪探讨

文章介绍了一种新型反射式定心仪,探讨了定心原理,进行了精度分析,给出了实验结果。     

光学电视磨边定中心仪

随着我国电视工业的迅速发展,工业电视的应用越来越广泛。光学电视磨边定中心仪是工业电视应用于光学冷加工的具体实例。磨边定中心为什么要采用工业电视?它的优点是什么?这得从传统的磨边定中心方法谈起。一、传统磨边定中心方法的精度及其弊病在光学冷加工中,透镜磨边定中心的传统方法是将被定心透镜用松香粘在定中心磨边机主轴的夹头上,旋转被定心透镜,用肉眼观看远处灯泡两个反射灯丝象的跳动量,直到灯丝象不再跳动就说明透镜前后两面的曲率中心都落在机床主轴的轴线上,即透镜已定好中心,然后引进砂轮进行磨边。如果磨边机主轴没有     

非球面干涉定心方法研究

由于非球面光轴的唯一性,非球面定心工艺中需分别定义顶点偏心误差和球心偏心误差.通过估算顶点偏心在传统定心仪上的测量误差,可以发现传统定心仪很难达到控制目的,而干涉测量方法却能得到较高的准确度.理论推导和模拟计算表明：顶点偏心角与偏心彗差之间有线性关系,顶点偏心角的彗差灵敏度与非球面的陡度成正比.使用干涉检测的方法可以同时控制非球面的两种偏心误差,且其检测准确度可以达到0.02 mm.     

一种利用激光非定域干涉来控制面倾角的透镜定心法

本文探讨了使用He-Ne激光光源的透镜干涉定心法。导出了公式,并用实验进行验证。理论计算和实验证明:这是一种可以达到秒级精度的透镜定中心方法。     

二维定心激光扫描器及其摆角测量系统的研制

简要介绍了一种二维定心偏转激光扫描器的工作原理和结构设计。对二维摆角的两种不同测量方式的优劣进行了比较,并详细介绍了采用光电位置传感器(PSD)实现摆角测量的系统,包括它的测量原理、光学系统构造和PSD后续信号处理电路。结果表明,所研制的二维定心激光扫描器摆角测量系统可以实现±7.5°的二维摆角和30°圆锥角的大范围扫描,其重复精度为0 05°,分辨率为0 01°。具有快速灵巧、实时性强、工作稳定、抗环境干扰能力强等优点。     

柱面镜加工中母线偏差的校正

<正> 概述在球面镜加工过程中,球面镜的同心度精度直接影响球面镜的成象质量。对于成象要求较高的球面镜来说,同心度的偏差一般需在几个μm的数量级范围之内。由于球面镜定中心可以用透射式焦点象定中心仪,球心反射象定中心仪以及一些新型的定中心仪。借助于这些定中心仪,可以在磨边和定中心工序中消除球面镜的偏心现象,从而可获得成象质量高的光学系统。对于柱面镜的加工,关键的问题是如何消除母线偏差,而柱面镜的母线偏差比球面镜的中心偏更为复杂,校正方法也不完全同于球面     

摄影镜头的光学对心法

镜头的定心通常有三种方式:一是以镜框几何轴线为基准的定心法;二是修切定心法;三是以透镜光轴为基准的光学对心法。 第一种方法的定心精度取决于透镜和镜框的加工精度,如果其中之一同心度不高,则影响成象质量。 第二种定心法是镜框初加工时内孔及端面留有切削余量,此量在装配时修切,以纠正初加工偏心差,此时定心精度取决予透镜的滚边和胶合对心精度(对双合透镜而言)。若两者偏差小则象质就好,否则象质不好。     

高精度数字光电定心仪

本文论述了数字光电定心仪的工作原理,总体结构方案,光学系统,机械结构和电路原理以及试验与使用的结果。该仪器可用于磨边或胶合定中心和检验透镜中心误差。测量球心偏差精度可达1μm。     

基于PSD的微摆镜角度自准直测试系统设计

基于压电陶瓷的微摆镜是一种典型的二维角驱动部件,微摆镜系统的实用化需要进行微角度的测量,以便得到驱动电压与微偏转角之间的对应关系。设计了一种基于位置敏感探测器(PSD)的微摆镜角度测试系统,应用激光自准直原理,采用两次45°折返式结构,缩小了系统的体积并解决了传统折返式系统难以精准搭建的问题;采用多层前馈神经网络法对PSD进行了非线性校正,修正后整个系统的测量精度可达0.5″,测量范围为±400″。符合微摆镜角度测量的要求。     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.