“厚基础、宽口径、分层次、求创新、拔尖型”人才培养方案的研究

针对传统大学物理实验教学体系存在的问题,重建大学物理实验教学体系。构建"厚基础、宽口径、分层次、求创新、拔尖型"的人才培养方案。建立自主、合作、研究式的教学模式,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的创新与动手能力。     

新课标下中学物理实验教学方法的探讨

简要分析了中学物理实验教学的现状,根据新课改对物理实验教学的改革和发展提出的要求,分别从演示实验、分组实验、课外实验探讨了中学实验教学方法. 在实验教学过程中突出学生主体,促进学生自主学习,让学生积极参与,乐于探究,勇于实验,勤于思考. 通过实验教学激发学生学习兴趣,提高学生动手能力、观察能力和思维能力,培养学生探索创新能力.     

基于项目学习的电磁学实验教学的研究

电磁学实验是师范院校的一门实践性很强的基础必修课程。针对传统物理专业普通实验教学的问题,开展了基于项目学习的电磁学实验教学的改革。经过3年多的实践探索,我们以开发"小项目"的实验内容为基础,构建了基础验证型、综合设计型和研究创新型的层次化的实验内容体系;广泛地开展了自主学习、小组讨论和合作探究等教学模式;主动、合作交流和设计创造式的学习方式逐渐替代了被动式和模仿式学习。这些改革方案有效地培养了学生创新能力,提高了学生综合素质,取得了比较理想的教学效果。     

“翻转课堂”教学模式在大学物理实验教学中的探索与实践

为了激发学生的学习兴趣,增强学生自主思考、主动学习的意识和创新研究能力,基于"翻转课堂"模式,对我校目前开设的以验证性为主的工科大学物理实验项目进行教学设计及实践应用。从教学目标的制定、教学活动的实施等方面对大学物理实验教学进行了初步的改革探讨和实践,取得了较好的教学效果。     

大学物理实验教学改革的探讨

分析了物理实验教学的现状及存在的弊端,总结实验教学经验,改革实验教学,切实提高教与学的质量,充分发挥实验教学在培养学生"知识、能力、素质"中的作用.     

专业课程实验教学的改革与实践

从实验教学的实际出发,分析了专业课程实验的特点,即知识结构的综合性、实验分布的零散性、授课时段的特殊性以及实验系统的复杂性;围绕提高实验教学质量这一目的,针对专业课程实验教学的现状,提出了理顺实验体系、巧施实验教学方法、规范实验报告要求、量化实验考核标准、开放实验资源等一系列具体改革措施。实验教学改革的实践证明,该改革措施能有效地激发学生对实验课程的学习兴趣,增强学生进行实验研究的动手能力,引导学生的创新思维。     

新建本科院校工科专业基础实验教学模式改革——以大学物理实验为例

结合新建本科院校工科专业学生的专业特点及"90"后学生的时代特征,以大学物理实验为例,揭示基础实验教学模式的不足。针对大学物理实验传统教学模式与新建本科院校培养目标的矛盾,提出改革实验教学内容、将"微课""大学物理仿真实验平台"引入实验教学过程的教学模式改革并分析其必要性。     

STEM教育理念下的大学物理实验教学探析——融入项目式学习

作为物理学科教学的重要内容,实验教学在学生知识学习与技能培养的过程中不仅可以帮助学生巩固理论知识、深化理解概念,并且能促进学生综合运用知识于实际的能力。文章基于对"中学物理实验教学与大学物理实验教学的现状和衔接问题"的调查与结果分析,对大学物理实验教学模式进行探析,即尝试在结合STEM教育理念的情况下,将项目式学习理论融入到大学物理实验教学中,帮助学生尽快适应大学物理实验课程的学习、完成角色转变,培养学生综合能力。     

探寻物理实验教学改革增强学生的实践与创新能力

为提高物理实验教学质量,调动学生的学习自主性,提高学生的动手与实践能力,培养学生的创新精神和创新能力,从实验教学方式的多元化、强化实验和科研紧密结合及网络教学平台等多个层面上进行改革和创新,构建面向创新型人才培养的物理实验教学体系。改革物理实验教学评价体系,强化学生动手能力和创新能力的培养。     

大学物理实验培养大学生独立思考能力的探索与实践

对物理实验教学实行一系列改革,以培养学生独立思考能力为目标,转变教学、学习观念,改进物理实验教学模式,改变考核方式,在发挥学生的主观能动性,培养学生独立思考能力方面,收到了良好的效果。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.