仪器分析课程教学改革调查及对策分析

根据调查结果,分析了仪器分析课程教学改革的现状及存在的问题,并针对问题提出了改革措施及实施计划。     

基于一流课程建设的分析化学实验教学改革与实践

分析化学是化学的四大基础课程之一,通常包含化学分析和仪器分析两门课程。我校自1983年建系以来即面向化学类专业开设了与理论课程向对应的分析化学(含仪器分析)实验课程。面向目前我校的化学和应用化学专业的学生,我们以精选教学内容、设计渐进式课程和采用多维度教学模式为主要改革方向,建设分析化学(含仪器分析)实验一流本科课程。     

农林本科院校仪器分析教学改革与探索

仪器分析是一门实践性很强的综合应用技术课程,如何与时俱进地开展仪器分析课程教学改革以培养适应社会需求的应用型人才是当前农林本科院校面临的共性问题。围绕这一教学目标,结合本校仪器分析教学的现状,从任课教师教学观念、教学内容、教学方法和手段及考核方式等方面对仪器分析教学进行了改革与实践。提出由传统的“师问”改为“学问”,变“传授”为“指导”,充分发挥学生的主观能动性;提出了针对不同专业选择不同教学内容及实验项目,同时增加人文素质教育内容;积极推进第二课堂,并建立多元化的考核体系。     

在仪器分析课程教学中融入课程思政案例的探讨*

如何将课程思政教学内容与课程知识体系高度契合,使课程思政有温度、有共鸣,是需要进行教学内容设计和教学模式创新。围绕仪器分析培养目标和各部分的教学特点,充分挖掘课程知识点中的思政元素,构建相应的思政教学案例,利用线上线下、课内课外的多渠道模式,将课程思政润物细无声地融入仪器分析教学全过程,实现仪器分析课程的专业知识传授、核心价值引领和能力培养之间的有机统一,终达到使学生脑中有专业知识、胸中有爱国情怀、有责任担当的成效。     

基于应用型人才培养的仪器分析课程教学改革探索

应用型人才培养的显著特征在于"学以致用,以用为本".基于应用型人才培养的视角重构仪器分析课程教学体系,不仅可以促使学生在学习中思考、在思考中学习,还有利于培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力.本文以重构课程教学体系、细化课程实验教学、综合考核教学效果、创新课程教学模式四个方面入手构建仪器分析课程教学新体系,使其与素质教育有...     

仪器分析课程教学内容和教学方式改革的几点思考

结合学科发展趋势和专业特点,针对近年来仪器分析课程教学中存在的问题,初步探讨了教学内容、教学模式和考核评价方式等方面的改革思路,通过更新、完善现代仪器分析化学课程的理论教学内容,提高教学质量,使学生掌握仪器分析的专业基础知识、具备优良的专业素质,同时在教学中还应融入思政元素,实现专业课的育人功能。     

基于"产学研用"背景下的仪器分析课程教学机制研究

"产学研用"是高等教育实现人才培养目标的重要途径。本文在"产学研用"教学一体化背景下,为提高仪器分析课程教学效果,强化课程对学生专业能力、科研能力和解决企业实际问题的能力培养,在分析目前课程教学存在问题的基础上,对仪器分析"产学研用"教学机制、教学方法、资源共享平台建设、教学团队建设、教学考核等问题进行一体化建设探索,以期通过"产学研用"教学建设促进人才培养质量进一步提升,并对高校培养人才与企业实际需求人才的有效衔接问题提供一定的解决思路。     

仪器分析课程教学实践

在仪器分析课程的教学实践中,采取加强绪论课教学,引入仪器分析发展史,运用生活化的形象描述及比喻,以及充分利用多媒体教学手段4种方法,培养和激发学生学习兴趣。     

以科研促教学:新型分析方法在仪器分析教学中的体现

结合教学实践,紧跟学科发展,提出将文献作为补充教材,将近几年发展的新型分析方法和自己的科研成果,如基于纳米金胶体团聚的比色分析法、基于量子点的荧光分析法、基于分子印迹聚合物的样品前处理方法等,及实际生产生活中用到的分析技术融入到经典仪器分析课程中。这些新型分析方法的加入,将有效地扩充学生的知识面和视野,提高学生的学习兴趣,增加学生的学习信心,提高仪器分析的教学效果。     

高职“仪器分析及实验”循环进阶教学模式的开发与应用

通过分析"仪器分析"教学内容及教学对象的特点,针对"仪器分析"课程传统教学方法存在的弊端进行改革。从教学体系、教学内容、教学方法等多方面设计"仪器分析及实验"课程,构建出以学生为主体、基于认知规律、多层次阶梯式的教学模式,以提升学生对仪器分析方法的实际应用能力。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.