硫杂杯[4]芳烃化学修饰的研究进展

硫杂杯[4]芳烃是由S原子取代经典杯芳烃中的桥联亚甲基而成的大环化合物,在分子识别、多核金属配合物、化学传感器等方面有广泛的应用.对硫杂杯[4]芳烃的化学修饰进行综述,有助于新型功能化硫杂杯芳烃衍生物的研究.     

多重氮杂杯[4]芳烃和双杯[4]芳烃的合成与阳离子萃取性能

多重氮杂杯[4]芳烃和双杯[4]芳烃的合成与阳离子萃取性能;杯[4]芳烃;双杯[4]芳烃;多重氮杂;萃取     

气相色谱研究杯[4]芳烃衍生物

选取两种不同结构的怀「４」芳烃做固定相，研究了烃基取代苯，不同数目的甲基取代苯，稠环芳烃和醇系列化合物的保留值变化规律；讨论了杯「４」芳烃固定相与溶质分子间的弥散力作用，氢键作用及空间适应性；指出杯「４」芳烃对芳香烃等良好选择性；对乙腈和甲醇等小分子似有包结。     

对叔丁基-杯[8]芳烃膜修饰电极的电化学性质研究

本文报道对叔丁基-杯[8]芳烃膜修饰电极的电化学性质,目的在于利用杯芳烃特殊的空腔结构对靶向物质具有定向选择功能。将该膜修饰电极用于分离用一般伏安方法不能分辩的物质如手性分子、同分异构体、电化学性质相近的物质等,从而拓宽了伏安分析领域。利用多种电化学手段研究了该膜修饰电极的电化学性质,求得了电极过程动力学参数。本文报道对叔丁基-杯[8]芳烃修饰电极膜的电化学性质。     

杯[4]芳烃接枝壳聚糖的合成

杯芳烃是一类由对位取代的苯酚与甲醛缩合而成的环状低聚物[1],其结构的下缘排列着数个羟基,上缘则具有疏水空穴;最大的特点是具有由苯环单元组成的富电子的、大小可调的三维空腔和环形排列的氧原子,既可络合离子又可包结中性分子,与冠醚一般只络合离子、环糊精只包结中性分子相比,杯芳烃在分子识别方面更有发展潜力,被誉为超分子化学中继环糊精、冠醚之后的第三代主体分子[1-3]。壳聚糖是一种天然高分子化合物,其分子中含有羟基和氨基,具有较强的吸附和螯合作用。改性壳聚糖现已被广泛应用于金属分离、废水处理等领域。[4-10]本文将杯…     

N-硫脲基套索杯[4]冠醚与四硫脲基杯[4]芳烃的合成

控制反应物的物质的量比, 杯式对叔丁基杯[4]-1,3-二乙酸乙酯衍生物1与5或50倍二乙烯三胺反应, 分别得到杯[4]氮杂冠醚2和开链的氮杂杯[4]芳烃衍生物3. 化合物2和3进一步与异硫氰酸苯酯反应得到首例侧链含硫脲基的套索杯[4]氮杂冠醚4和含4个硫脲基的杯[4]芳烃衍生物5, 产率为92%和87%. 新化合物的结构与构象经元素分析、红外、质谱、核磁共振谱等表征证实.     

ω—氯代烷氧基杯[4]芳烃的合成

杯「４」芳烃以Ｃｌ（ＣＨ２ＣＨ２Ｏ）ｎＴｓ（ｎ＝１，２）烷基化。得到６５－８７％的下缘带有２－氯乙氧基和２－（２－氯乙氧基）乙氧基怀「４」芳烃。     

对—叔丁基杯[4]芳烃在环己烷中的激光光解研究

对－叔丁基杯［４］芳烃在环己烷中的激光光解研究＊袁立华１姚思德２庄志豪１林念芸２（１．四川联合大学化学系成都６１００６４）（２．中国科学院上海原子核研究所辐射化学实验室上海２０１８００）关键词对－叔丁基杯［４］芳烃激光光解三线态中图分类号Ｏ６２１．２...     

简便合成新型四桥联双杯[4]管道和1,2-3,4-双桥联杯[4]芳烃

报道了一种间接缩合法高产率简便合成新型四桥联双杯[4]管道和1,2-3,4-双桥联杯[4]芳烃.杯[4]二酰肼衍生物2与丁二酸酐发生开环反应,以95%的产率得到杯[4]羧酸衍生物4.化合物4在DCC/DMAP/CH2Cl2体系中发生分子间自缩合反应,以90%产率得到新型四桥联双杯[4]管道6.改用高度稀释的条件则以26%的产率得到新型1,2-3,4-双桥联杯[4]芳烃5.新化合物的结构与构象经元素分析、红外、质谱、核磁共振谱等表征证实.     

丙醛间苯二酚杯[4]芳烃烷基化衍生物的合成

以间苯二酚和丙醛为原料合成了丙醛杯[4]芳烃(1),1经不同的烷基化反应合成了新的丙醛杯[4]芳烃烷基化衍生物,其结构经1H NMR和IR表征。     

Electrocatalysis and Voltammetric Determination of Dopamine at a Calix[4]arene Crown‐4 Ether Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

A sensitive and selective electrochemical method for the determination of dopamine (DA) was developed using a calix[4]arene crown‐4 ether (CACE) film modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE).The modified electrode exhibited good electrocatalytic activity for electrochemical oxidation of DA in the pH 6.00 Britton–Robinson buffer solution, and ascorbic acid (AA) did not interfere with it. The diffusion coefficient (D=2.7×10^?5 cm² s^?1), and the kinetic parameter such as the electron transfer coefficient (α=0.54) of DA at the surface of CACE were determined using electrochemical approaches. The catalytic oxidation peak currents showed a linear dependence on the DA concentration and a linear analytical curve was obtained in the range of 2.0×10^?5–1.0×10^?3 M of DA with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990. The detection limit (S/N=3) was estimated to be 3.4×10^?6 M. This method was also examined for the determination of DA in an injection sample. In addition, effects of possible interferences were investigated. The present work shows the potential of the proposed method for the fabrication of a modified electrode, as it can be effectively used for voltammetric detection of DA.     

Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead(II) Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Novel Calix[4]arene

Owingtothegrowingawarenessofleadpollutionandtoxicity,manytechniquesarecurrentlyemployedforthedeterminationoftracePbioninenvironmentalsamples .1Amongthem ,thedevelopmentofchemicallymodifiedelectrodes (CMEs)andapplicationsofanodicstrippingvoltammetry (ASV)havereceivedconsiderableattention .CMEsarecharacterizedbypurposefullyalteringtheirsur facecharacteristicstodisplaynewqualitiesthatcouldbeexploitedforanalyticalapplications .Thesekindsofelec trodesareinexpensiveandpossessmanyadvantagessuchas…     

Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Lead（Ⅱ） Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Novel Calix[4] arene

A new glassy carbon electrode modified with novel calix[4]‐arene derivative was prepared and then applied to the selective recognition of lead ion in aqueous media by cyclic and square wave voltammetry. A new anodic stripping peak at ? 0.92 V (vs. Ag/Ag⁺) in square wave voltammogram can be obtained by scanning the potential from ? 1.5 to ? 0.6 V, of which the peak current is proportional to the concentration of Pb²⁺. The modified electrode in 0.1 mol/L HNO₃ solution showed a linear voltammetric response in the range of 2.0 × 10–⁸–1.0 × 10–⁶ mol/L and a detection limit of 6.1 × 10–⁹ mol/L. In the modified glassy carbon electrode no significant interference occurred from alkali, alkaline and transition metal ions except Hg²⁺, Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions, which can be eliminated by the addition of KSCN. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine lead in aqueous samples.     

硫桥杯[4]芳烃衍生物膜修饰玻碳电极差分脉冲溶出伏安法测定铅

将硫桥杯[4]芳烃衍生物25,27-二(2-噻二唑基硫代乙氧基)-26,28-二甲氧基-5,11,17,23-四叔丁基硫桥杯[4]芳烃(TTCA)溶于二氯甲烷中,滴涂在玻碳电极表面,制得硫桥杯[4]芳烃修饰的玻碳电极。循环伏安当研究结果表明:将此修饰电极浸泡在1.0×10-6mol.L-1铅(Ⅱ)溶液中一段时间后转移至0.1 mol.L-1硝酸溶液中,以扫速100 mV.s-1在电位-0.8~-0.2 V范围内扫描所得的CV图上出现一对氧化还原峰。当此修饰电极在上述浓度的铅(Ⅱ)溶液中于-1.1 V富集300 s后用差分脉冲溶出伏安法检测时,铅(Ⅱ)在-0.516 V处出现一良好的氧化峰。铅(Ⅱ)浓度在2.0×10-7~2.0×10-5mol.L-1范围内与峰电流呈线性关系。其检出限(3S/N)为8.0×10-9mol.L-1。此法应用于水样中痕量铅的测定,测得回收率在95.0%~104.0%之间。     

间氨基苯酚修饰玻碳电极测定多巴胺

玻碳电极在含有2.0 mmol·L-1间氨基苯酚的0.1 mol·L-1的三水合高氯酸锂溶液中,于0～1.5 V的电位范围内进行电化学修饰,制备了间氨基苯酚修饰电极(m-AP/GCE).研究发现:间氨基苯酚修饰电极对多巴胺有良好的电催化作用,多巴胺在该电极上出现了一对氧化还原峰,相对于裸玻碳电极,氧化还原峰电位差为减至70 mV,提出了用循环伏安法测定多巴胺的方法.氧化峰电流与多巴胺的浓度在1.2×10-7～9.1×10-6和9.1×10-6～1.2×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线生关系,检出限(3S/N)为3.2×10-8mol·L-1.     

Determination of Tryptophan using a p-Sulfonated Calix [4,6,8]arene Modified Gold Electrode

The ability of p-sulfonated calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6, 8) to form complexes with tryptophan was studied. The electrochemical properties of these complexes immobilized on gold surfaces were examined by cyclic voltammetry. Parameters affecting the performance of the modified electrodes including the arene concentration, scan rate, applied potential, and pH were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the method had a linear response to tryptophan between 1 × 10^?7 M and 1 × 10^?5 M with a detection limit of 3 × 10^?8 M. The interaction of the tryptophan–p-sulfonated calix[4]arene complex was more stable than the tryptophan–p-sulfonated calix[6]arene and p-sulfonated calix[8]arene complexes. Molecular modeling calculations indicated that electrostatic interactions and structural matching effects were predominant stabilizing factors. The modified electrodes demonstrated good reproducibility and high selectivity, illustrating their effectiveness for analytical measurements.     

新型杯芳烃为载体的铅离子选择电极

报道了5,11,17,23-四（1,1-二甲基乙基）-25,27-二羟基-26,28-二[（2-丙酰胺）乙氧基]杯[4]芳烃1的合成及以此化合物为载体研制了PVC膜铅离子选择电极。研究了不同极性的膜增塑剂和亲脂性阴离子位点对铅离子选择电极响应性能的影响,测定了铅离子选择电极的性能。铅离子选择电极对铅离子表现出优良的能斯特响应和高选择性,能在pH4.0-6.5的范围内使用,该电极可作为电位滴定的指示电极。     

石墨烯修饰玻碳电极测定邻苯二酚

制备了用于测定邻苯二酚(CAT)的石墨烯修饰电极,并应用循环伏安法研究了CAT在该修饰电极上的电化学行为;用差分脉冲伏安法研究了测试底液的pH值对该修饰电极性能的影响,结果表明,此修饰电极在含不同浓度CAT的PBS溶液(pH=7.0)中测定,响应电流与CAT浓度在5.0×10-8～5.6×10-4mol/L范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9919,检出限为6.68×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。与其它几种修饰电极相比,石墨烯修饰电极制备简单、响应时间快、操作简便,稳定性和重现性良好,有应用价值。     

Voltammetric Determination of Arsenic with Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

In this study, glassy carbon electrode modified with nano gold‐crystal violet film has been used to detect arsenite (As (III)) in a model system and in groundwater samples. The modified electrode was characterized by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Using voltammetric measuring technique, linear response was obtained in a concentration range of 2.0–22.0 μM. The arsenite concentrations in groundwater samples varied between 2.4 μM to 4.8 μM. The sensitivity of the modified electrode for As (III) detection was 5.6 μA/μM cm² and 0.8 μM concentration was found as lower limit of detection (LOD). The accuracy of the method was checked with standard method anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Groundwater samples were characterized with dynamic (DLS) and electrophoretic (ELS) light scattering measurements which have shown that particles present in different samples differ in size distribution and zeta potential which did not interfere with As (III) detection.