A Representation for $F$-Regular Semigroups

A regular (inverse) semigroup S is called F-regular (F-inverse), if each class of the least group congruence _S contains a greatest element with respect to the natural partial order on S. Such a semigroup is necessarily an E-unitary regular (hence orthodox) monoid. We show that each F-regular semigroup S is isomorphic to a well determined subsemigroup of a semidirect product of a band X by S/_S, where X belongs to the band variety, generated by the band of idempotents E_S of S. Our main result, Theorem 4, is the regular version of the corresponding fact for inverse semigroups, and might be useful to generalize further features of the theory of F-inverse semigroups to the F-regular case.     

On some problems of Petrich concerning Bruck and Reilly semigroups

For an inverse semigroupS with its idempotents dually well-ordered, we prove thatS is isomorphic to the semigroup of all one-to-one partial right translations ofS. Also, we prove for a Bruck semigroupS=B(T, α) thatS isE-unitary if and only ifT isE-unitary and α is an idempotent pure homomorphism. Moreover, we characterize allE-unitary covers ofB(T, α), whereT is a finite chain of groups.     

Embedding Semigroups with Associate Subgroups into Semidirect Products

A semigroup S is said to have an associate subgroup G if, for each s ∈ S, there is a unique s* ∈ G such that ss*s = s. If the identity 1 _G of G is medial, i.e., c1 _G c = c holds for each c being a product of idempotents, we show that S is isomorphic to a certain subsemigroup of a semidirect product of an idempotent generated semigroup C by G. If additionally S is orthodox, we may choose C to be a band, belonging to the band variety, generated by the band of idempotents of S.     

Almost Factorizable Weakly Ample Semigroups

An appropriate generalization of the notion of permissible sets of inverse semigroups is found within the class of weakly ample semigroups that allows us to introduce the notion of an almost left factorizable weakly ample semigroup in a way analogous to the inverse case. The class of almost left factorizable weakly ample semigroups is proved to coincide with the class of all (idempotent separating) (2, 1, 1)-homomorphic images of semigroups W(T, Y) where Y is a semilattice, T is a unipotent monoid acting on Y, and W(T, Y) is a well-defined subsemigroup in the respective semidirect product that appeared in the structure theory of left ample monoids more than ten years ago. Moreover, the semigroups W(T, Y) are characterized to be, up to isomorphism, just the proper and almost left factorizable weakly ample semigroups.     

E ∨-unitary covers for ∨-semilatticed inverse semigroups

It is well known that every inverse semigroup admits an E-unitary cover. In this paper we investigate the analogue of E-unitary covers within the variety of ∨-semilatticed inverse semigroups.     

Semiprimitivity of Orthodox Semigroup Algebras

Let S be a finite orthodox semigroup or an orthodox semigroup where the idempotent band E(S) is locally pseudofinite. In this paper, by using principal factors and Rukolaǐne idempotents, we show that the contracted semigroup algebra R₀[S] is semiprimitive if and only if S is an inverse semigroup and R[G] is semiprimitive for each maximal subgroup G of S. This theorem strengthens previous results about the semiprimitivity of inverse semigroup algebras.     

A Biordered Set Representation of Regular Semigroups

In this paper, for an arbitrary regular biordered set E, by using biorder-isomorphisms between the w-ideals of E, we construct a fundamental regular semigroup WE called NH-semigroup of E, whose idempotent biordered set is isomorphic to E. We prove further that WE can be used to give a new representation of general regular semigroups in the sense that, for any regular semigroup S with the idempotent biordered set isomorphic to E, there exists a homomorphism from S to WE whose kernel is the greatest idempotent-separating congruence on S and the image is a full symmetric subsemigroup of WE. Moreover, when E is a biordered set of a semilattice Eo, WE is isomorphic to the Munn-semigroup TEo; and when E is the biordered set of a band B, WE is isomorphic to the Hall-semigroup WB.     

On Existence Varieties of E-solid Semigroups

Within the class of regular E-solid semigroups, a theory of e-varieties including appropriate notions of biidentities and biinvariant congruences is presented, such that, together with bifree objects, these notions inherit the properties and interrelations well known from universial algebra. This theory generalizes the previously developed such theory for orthodox semigroups. As an application, the bifree objects in certain e-varieties of E-solid locally orthodox semigroups, which are constructed by means of Malcev products from a varities of bands, groups and completely simple semigroups, are described as subsemigroups in suitable Pastijn products of some bands by relatively bifree completely simple semigroups. As a consequence, it follows that every regular E-solid locally orthodox semigroup regularly divides a so-called solid Pastijn product of a band by a completely simple semigroup.     

A structural property of Adian inverse semigroups

We prove that an inverse semigroup over an Adian presentation is E-unitary.     

On the E-unitary covers for a Bruck semigroup

We give a characterization of theE-unitary covers for a Bruck semigroup, which is a generalization of Theorem 3 given in [1]. In a recent paper [1] we gave a characterization of theE-unitary covers for a Bruck semigroupB(T,α) whereT is a finite chain of groups, and now we give a characterization forB(T,α) whereT is any inverse semigroup. We use here the notations and the terminology of Petrich's book [2]. First we prove a Theorem which is more general than [[1], Theorem 2]. I wish to express my thanks to Dr. G. Pollák for his valuable advice.     

O-simple strictly regular semigroups

In the previous paper [6], it has been proved that a semigroup S is strictly regular if and only if S is isomorphic to a quasi-direct product EX Λ of a band E and an inverse semigroup Λ. The main purpose of this paper is to present the following results and some relevant matters: (1) A quasi-direct product EX Λ of a band E and an inverse semigroup Λ is simple [bisimple] if and only if Λ is simple [bisimple], and (2) in case where EX Λ has a zero element, EX Λ is O-simple [O-bisimple] if and only if Λ is O-simple [O-bisimple]. Any notation and terminology should be referred to [1], [5] and [6], unless otherwise stated.     

Regular Semigroups Each of Whose Least Completely Simple Congruence Classes Has a Greatest Element

A regular semigroup S is termed locally F-regular, if each class of the least completely simple congruence ξ contains a greatest element with respect to the natural partial order. It is shown that each locally F-regular semigroup S admits an embedding into a semidirect product of a band by S/ξ. Further, if ξ satisfies the additional property that for each s ∈ S and each inverse (sξ)′ of sξ in S/ξ the set (sξ)′ ∩ V(s) is not empty, we represent S both as a Rees matrix semigroup over an F-regular semigroup as well as a certain subsemigroup of a restricted semidirect product of a band by S/ξ.     

Note on a certain class of orthodox semigroups

This is a continuation and also a supplement of the previous papers [5], [6] and [8] concerning orthodox semigroups¹). In [8], it has been shown that a quasi-inverse semigroup is isomorphic to a subdirect product of a left inverse semigroup and a right inverse semigroup. In this paper, we present a structure theorem for quasi-inverse semigroups and some relevant matters.     

The Universal Covering of an Inverse Semigroup

We examine an inverse semigroup T in terms of the universal locally constant covering of its classifying topos . In particular, we prove that the fundamental group of coincides with the maximum group image of T. We explain the connection between E-unitary inverse semigroups and locally decidable toposes, characterize E-unitary inverse semigroups in terms of a kind of geometric morphism called a spread, characterize F-inverse semigroups, and interpret McAlister’s “P-theorem” in terms of the universal covering.     

E-unitaryR-unipotent semigroups

By making use of McAlister’s P-theorem [4] O’Carroll proved in [5] that every E-unitary inverse semigroup can be embedded into a semidirect product of a semilattice by a group. Recently an alternative proof of this result was published by Wilkinson [10]. In this paper we generalize this theorem by proving that every E-unitaryR-unipotent semigroup S can be embedded into a semidirect product of a band B by a group where B belongs to the variety of bands generated by the band of idempotents of S.     

Orthodox semigroups whose idempotents satisfy a certain identity

An orthodox semigroup S is called a left [right] inverse semigroup if the set of idempotents of S satisfies the identity xyx=xy [xyx=yx]. Bisimple left [right] inverse semigroups have been studied by Venkatesan [6]. In this paper, we clarify the structure of general left [right] inverse semigroups. Further, we also investigate the structure of orthodox semigroups whose idempotents satisfy the identity xyxzx=xyzx. In particular, it is shown that the set of idempotents of an orthodox semigroup S satisfies xyxzx=xyzx if and only if S is isomorphic to a subdirect product of a left inverse semigroup and a right inverse semigroup.     

A unifying approach to the Margolis–Meakin and Birget–Rhodes group expansion

Let G be a group. We show that the Birget–Rhodes prefix expansion \(G^{Pr}\) and the Margolis–Meakin expansion M(X; f) of G with respect to \(f:X\rightarrow G\) can be regarded as inverse subsemigroups of a common E-unitary inverse semigroup P. We construct P as an inverse subsemigroup of an E-unitary inverse monoid \(U/\zeta \) which is a homomorphic image of the free product U of the free semigroup \(X^+\) on X and G. The semigroup P satisfies a universal property with respect to homomorphisms into the permissible hull C(S) of a suitable E-unitary inverse semigroup S, with \(S/\sigma _S=G\), from which the characterizing universal properties of \(G^{Pr}\) and M(X; f) can be recaptured easily.