时效处理NiTi合金的相变研究

Ni-Ti形状记忆合金由于其独特的形状记忆效应和超弹性,它的马氏体相变在过去几十年来一直受到巨大的关注。Ti-Ni形状记忆合金有三个不同的相：立方CsCl结构的B2母相,单斜B19’马氏体相和预马氏体R相。在这些相中,可能发生三个相变：B2-B19’、B2-R和R-B19’。R相变可以通过多种方式诱发,例如添加第三组元（Fe、Al）、冷加工、冷加工后不完全退火、热循环和时效处理。     

Ce70Al10Cu20金属塑料晶化过程的微结构研究

非晶合金（俗称金属玻璃）是一种重要的功能材料，具有一般晶态材料所不具备的许多物理、化学和力学特性。新型铈基金属玻璃的玻璃化温度（68℃）大大低于常规金属材料，是集聚合物塑料与金属特点于一身的新型功能材料，称为金属塑料。本文主要利用透射电子显微镜对Ce70Al10Cu20金属塑料晶化过程中的微结构变化进行了系统研究。     

Cu88Co12合金的巨磁电阻及其微结构的研究

本文利用场离子显微镜－原子探针及电镜研究了具有巨磁电阻效应的甩带Ｃｕ８８Ｃ ｏ１２合金的微结构。Ｃｕ８８Ｃｏ１２合金经４５０℃退火半小时后发邓有明显的巨磁电阻。     

Fe85Ga15合金的电子显微结构研究

磁致伸缩材料广泛应用于各种各样的传感器和伺服机构器件,Fe-Ga合金以其作为磁致伸缩材料的潜在应用前景已经引起研究人员的注意。Fe-Ga合金的磁致伸缩效应很强,归因于晶体中存在着Ga原子的不对称形状团簇,其导致的四方格子结构在Fe-Ga合金的磁致伸缩特性中起了关键的作用。     

Room-temperature magnetoresistance in organic spin-valves based on a Co2MnSi Heusler alloy

We report room-temperature magnetoresistance in sandwich structures consisting of Co₂MnSi/organic spacer/Co. We have prepared the epitaxial films of a Heusler alloy Co₂MnSi on MgO (001) by pulsed laser deposition, followed by thermal depositions of organic and Co layers. The spin-valve with an organic layer of N,N-bis (3-methylphenyl)-N,N-diphenylbenzidine exhibited a positive magnetoresistance ratio of up to 7.8%, which was the highest value among organic spin-valves at room temperature.     

宽带激光熔覆WCp/Ni基合金梯度涂层的组织与性能

在40Cr调质钢表面采用宽带激光熔覆铸造WCp/Ni基合金梯度复合涂层,对涂层组织和性能进行了测试分析,并对其性能提高的机理进行了初步讨论。     

Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in a 2D-XY ferromagnetic monolayer

It has been widely discussed whether long-range magnet-ic order could exist in low-dimensional (d ＜ 3) systems.Early studies,like Hohenberg-Mermin-Wagner theorem based on the Heisenberg model of magnetism,incline to a negative con-clusion,as the thermal fluctuation at any finite temperature prevents the formation of long-range magnetic order[1,2].However,further studies theoretically predicted an unusual long-range magnetic order in the two-dimensional (2D) sys-tems that are described by a so-called 2D-XY model,result-ing from the formation of bound pairs of vortices and anti-vor-tices with opposite chirality[3,4].The induced ferromagnetism is suppressed as the 2D system is heated over a critical temper-ature,accompanied with the destruction of those bound pairs and thus the long-range magnetic order.This mechan-ism of phase transition is known as Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thou-less (BKT) formalism[3-5].     

喷射沉积沉积态Al-12Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu-0.5Ni合金显微组织及性能研究

为研究喷射沉积沉积态合金的显微组织及第二相种类,利用喷射沉积技术制备了Al-12Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu-0.5Ni铝合金.使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜和X射线能谱仪对沉积态合金进行了研究.研究结果表明:沉积态合金的晶粒尺寸只有15μm左右,第二相主要有Mg(Zn,Cu)2相、L12-Al3Zr相和Al-Fe-Ni相,且Mg(Zn,Cu)2相易在Al-Fe-Ni相周围形核长大.沉积态试验合金抗拉强度最大值为360.3 MPa,延伸率为2.1％,断口分析表明合金的断裂方式主要为沿晶脆性断裂.该研究结果确定了沉积态合金中第二相的分布规律和L12-Al3Zr相与基体的取向关系,为后续变形加工及热处理提供了依据.     

Interfacial reaction between Sn-Bi alloy and Ni substrate

Interfacial reactions between Sn-Bi alloys of different compositions and Ni substrates at 423 K for different durations were investigated. Only one interfacial phase, Ni₃Sn₄, was detected despite the existence of several other intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in Ni-Sn and Ni-Bi binary systems. This observation (only Ni₃Sn₄ was formed at the interface) was explained as a combination of the driving force for formation of the IMC and diffusion of Ni. The change of Ni₃Sn₄ layer thickness as a function of annealing time, which obeys a parabolic rule, was further confirmed. The thickness of Ni₃Sn₄ was also found to decrease with increasing Bi content in the Sn-Bi alloy.     

激光熔覆TiB2增强Co基合金涂层的组织与性能

为了研究TiB2陶瓷颗粒对激光熔覆Co基合金层的组织及滑动磨损性能的影响,采用5kW CO2连续式激光器在低碳钢表面激光熔覆Co基合金层和TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层。结果表明,TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层主要由γ-Co,Cr23C6,TiB2,TiC,Co3Ti等物相组成;Co基合金涂层的典型显微组织主要由发达的树枝晶+枝晶亚共晶组织组成,TiB2/Co复合涂层的显微组织主要由“梅花状”枝晶+细小共晶组织组成;TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层的显微硬度及室温滑动磨损性能明显优于Co基合金涂层。这些结果对激光熔覆金属陶瓷复合涂层相关领域的研究是有帮助的。     

纳米CeO2含量对Ni60A涂层组织及耐腐蚀性能的影响

利用激光熔覆同轴送粉技术在TC4合金表面制备了不同CeO2含量的Ni60A复合涂层,以此提高TC4合金的耐腐蚀性.通过XRD、SEM、EDS等对CeO2/Ni60A复合涂层进行了表征与测试,结果表明:适量的稀土氧化物CeO2可以细化晶粒,改善涂层内部的组织分布,并且促进NiTi、Ti2Ni和TiC等增强相的生成;在电化学检测中,CeO2的质量分数为3％时CeO2/Ni60A涂层表现出较为优异的耐腐蚀特性,其自腐蚀电流密度Icorr为2.110×10-7A·cm-2,极化阻抗Rp为190674.0 Ω·cm-2;稀土氧化物CeO2在Ni60A涂层中主要聚集在晶界处,以减小涂层与腐蚀介质的接触面积,降低涂层内部的残余拉应力,从而保护钝化膜,最终提升涂层的耐腐蚀性.     

Metal-insulator phase transition in vanadium oxides films

Vanadium oxide films (VO₂) are of a typical phase transition ranging between metal phase to a semi-conducting phase. The theoretical metamorphose temperature of VO₂ is around 340 K (67 °C). This transition temperature is mostly governed by the deposition method in which the film was made, and the film's composition. Optical and electrical properties of VO₂ films are dramatically changed during this phase transition, thus making it useful in many microelectronics and optoelectronics applications. In this work we evaluate several deposition methods of VO₂ and their relations to the electro-optics properties of such films. The examined VO₂ films consisted of various phases of the material. Best films to demonstrate a metal-insulator transition were made in vacuum evaporation of V powder in a tungsten boat, treated in argon-oxygen flow (10:1), at 400 °C. The temperature range of phase transitions was found at 16-80 °C. Resistivity changes and colors of the films were studied as well.     

CeO2对激光熔覆Ni60合金涂层组织及性能的影响

为了研究稀土元素CeO₂对激光熔覆涂层性能的影响,以45#钢为基体、Ni60和Ni60+CeO₂粉末为熔覆材料,采用激光熔覆多道搭接工艺制备了含不同含量稀土氧化物的熔覆层。通过对熔覆层着色探伤、显微组织观察、显微硬度测定的试验,分析不同含量的稀土氧化物对熔覆层表面裂纹数量、显微组织、硬度的影响规律。结果表明,CeO₂的最佳掺杂质量分数为0.004;适量稀土元素CeO₂的掺杂,可使熔覆涂层裂纹数量减少,熔覆层的显微组织更加均匀而细小;熔覆涂层表面显微硬度远高于基体,维氏硬度是基体的3.6倍,搭接区域硬度值是基体的3倍左右。这表明稀土元素的添加可以抑制裂纹、细化晶粒,并在一定程度上提高熔覆层硬度。