半导体GaAs—Ga0.65Al0.35As多量子阱的光谱性质及实现激光制冷的可能

我们利用光致发光(PL)和激发光谱(PLE)技术研究了GaAs量子阱的光谱性质,在GaAs量子阱的光致发光中观察到上转换发光,首次提出GaAs量子阱结构可能实现激光制冷,探索了GaAs量子阱结构的发光机理。     

半导体GaAs—Ga0.65Al0.35As多量子阱的光谱性质及实现激光制冷的可能

我们利用光致发光（PL）和激发光谱（PLE）技术研究了GaAs量子阱的光谱性质,在GaAs量子阱的光致发光中观察到上转换发光,首闪提出GaAs量子阱结构可能实现激光制冷,探索了GaAs量子阱结构的发光机理。     

GaAs基980 nm高功率半导体激光器的研究进展

GaAs基980 nm半导体激光器在材料加工、通信和医疗等领域有着重要应用。应变量子阱结构的出现提高了GaAs基半导体激光器的转换效率、输出功率和可靠性。本文综述了高功率GaAs基量子阱激光器历史发展,介绍了高功率半导体激光器的外延结构、芯片结构和封装结构设计,重点阐述了影响高功率GaAs基量子阱激光器光电性能、散热和实际应用的问题。针对以上问题讨论了相应解决方案及研究成果,并指出了各个方案的不足之处和改进方向。最后,总结了高功率半导体激光器的发展现状,对高功率半导体激光器发展方向进行了展望。     

生长温度对InAs/GaAs量子点太阳电池的影响研究

InAs/GaAs量子点的生长形貌和特性受不同生长环境和生长条件影响.本文借助光致发光光谱(PL)特性表征方法,通过实验生长,对比研究不同生长温度下获得的量子点性能,结合当前三结叠层GaInP/GaAs/C-e(2-terminal)电池存在的问题,以及该电池的设计、制作要求,分析了InAs量子点的不同生长温度对于具有量子点结构的中电池吸收的影响.     

六方相Cu2ZnSnS4量子点在钙钛矿太阳能电池中作为空穴传输层性能研究

采用热注入方法成功合成了六方纤锌矿结构Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS)量子点,并使用XRD和TEM对其晶体结构表征,采用UV-vis光谱测量不同尺寸CZTS量子点的光学禁带宽度.发现基于具有1.81 eV带隙的6.7 nm CZTS量子点组装钙钛矿太阳能电池光电转换效率达到6.5;,与基于spiro-MeOTAD的器件相当(8.0;).量子转换效率图谱显示在波长680 nm处量子转换效应有明显提升,提高了器件的短路电流和光电转换效率.本研究结果为组装简单廉价的钙钛矿太阳能电池提供新方向.     

不同热处理氛围改善CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿薄膜形貌和结晶

有机-无机金属卤素钙钛矿太阳能电池作为新一代光伏技术已经吸引到众多关注.近期研究表明,不管是在介空结构还是平面异质结结构的钙钛矿电池中,每次钙钛矿效率的重大突破都归因于钙钛矿薄膜质量的提高.钙钛矿太阳能电池与其他多晶薄膜太阳能电池相似,增加晶粒尺寸和减少晶界可以极大的增加器件效率.在本文中,钙钛矿薄膜形貌和结晶度在最优化的热处理过程可以得到极大的改善和提高.我们制备的高性能平面异质结钙结构钙钛矿太阳能电池,获得了17.81;的最高效率和17.44; ±0.5;的平均效率.     

组分阶梯InGaN势垒对绿光激光二极管光电性能的影响

为探究不同铟(In)组分In_xGa_1-xN势垒对绿光激光二极管光电性能的影响,本文采用SiLENSe(simulator of light emitters based on nitride semiconductors)仿真软件对一系列具有不同In组分In_xGa_1-xN势垒的激光二极管进行研究,结果发现In_xGa_1-xN势垒中In组分最佳值为3%,此时结构的斜率效率最高,内部光学损耗最低,光学限制因子最大,性能最优。在具有In_0.03Ga_0.97N势垒的多量子阱结构基础上,设计了一种组分阶梯(composition step-graded, CSG)InGaN势垒多量子阱结构,提高了激光二极管的斜率效率和电光转换效率,增加了光场限制能力。仿真结果表明,当注入电流为120 mA时,具有CSG InGaN势垒的多量子阱结构,电光转换效率从17.7%提高至19.9%,斜率效率从1.09 mW/mA增加到1.14 mW...     

本征薄层异质结(HIT)太阳能电池的研究现状及展望

HIT(Heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer)太阳能电池,即具有本征非晶硅薄层的异质结太阳能电池,利用了非晶硅薄膜/单晶硅衬底的异质结结构,从而结合了单晶硅和非晶硅太阳能电池优良的特点.这种类型结构的电池可以在较低温度下(<250℃)制造,具有良好的光照稳定性和温度稳定性,成本低而且效率高,目前效率达到26.7;.文章简述了HIT太阳能电池的结构和工作原理,并且总结了HIT电池的研究和应用现状.除此之外,还分析了提高HIT太阳能电池效率的方法以及HIT电池广阔的应用前景和巨大的商业化潜力.     

用于四结电池的InGaAsN材料研究

随着InGaP2/InGaAs/Ge三结太阳电池技术日趋成熟,具有更高理论效率的基于GaAs体系的四结电池新材料AlInGaP/InGaAs/?(新材料)/Ge已经受到人们的关注,经过计算,要求新材料的禁带宽度应该为0.95eV～1.05eV.InxGa1-xAs1-xNy材料的禁带宽度可以调整为0.95eV～1.05eV,是有望实现突破的材料.我们通过选取合适的生长方案,在D180MOCVD系统上外延生长了InxGa1-xAs1-yNy材料,并通过高分辨X光双晶衍射仪、分光光度计以及电化学电容-电压(EC-V)测试仪等对材料性能进行了分析.获得了室温下禁带宽度为1.17eV的InxGa1-xAs1-xNy材料.     

钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率和稳定性研究

近年来,有机-无机钙钛矿太阳能电池由于卓越的光电性能和极低的材料成本引起广泛关注,更被认作是一种前景广阔的光伏材料.目前,钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转换效率已经超过22;,展示了极大的发展潜力,但对紫外线辐射和水的长期稳定性差.因此,关于钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究主要集中在电池的高效性和稳定性.本文对提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率和稳定性的多种方法进行综述,介绍了近期获得的突破,旨在为实现提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的高效性和稳定性提供基本依据.     

First-principles coexistence simulations of supercooled liquid silicon

We perform first-principles coexistence simulations of the low-density and the high-density phases of supercooled liquid silicon and find a negative slope for the coexisting line in the temperature-pressure plane. Electron density maps and electron-localization function plots of the two phases of silicon show marked differences. The calculated differences suggest more localized electrons in the low-density liquid compared to the high-density liquid, coming from an increased population of covalent bonds, which further explain the calculated negative slope in the two phase coexistence regime. This is consistent with the presence of a pseudo-gap in low-density liquid silicon, absent in the high-density liquid which shows a metallic behavior.     

Triethyl ammonium salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate, [Et3NH]+[(4-MeC6H4O)2PS2]−

Triethyl ammonium Salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate and O,O′-bis(m-tolyl)dithiophosphate have been obtained by reaction of p- and m-cresol, respectively with P₂S₅ in toluene and have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate has been determined. Crystal data: [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻: Monoclinic, P2₁/c, a=15.2441(9) ?, b=10.415(2) ?, c=3.9726(9) ?, β=91.709(7)°, V=2217.5(1) ?⁻³, Z=4.Supplementary materials Additional material available from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC no. 600927 for [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻ comprises the final atomic coordinates for all atoms, thermal parameters, and a complete listing of bond distances and angles. Copies of this information may be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 2EZ, UK (fax: +44-1223-336033; email: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or www:http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).     

Crystal structures of thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane

Structures of both thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane, ?C₆H₄?CH₂SCH₂?C₆H₁₀?CH₂SCH₂?, have been determined, wherecis andtrans refer to the attachments to the cyclohexane ring. Thecis form crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c witha=8.4299(11)Å,b=21.772(2)Å,c=8.9724(13)Å, β=116.574(11)^o, andZ=4. Thetrans isomer packs into the monoclinic space groupP2₁ witha=8.159(16)Å,b=10.185(5)Å,c=9.558(2)Å, β=112.435(18)^o, andZ=2. The cyclohexane ring of thecis isomer is in the chair conformation, while the cyclohexane of thetrans isomer is found in a twisted boat conformation.     

CTAB与SDBS对碳酸锶粒子生长形态调控及机理研究

以表面活性剂CTAB和SDBS为化学添加剂,采用化学共沉淀法对碳酸锶晶体的生长形态进行调控,成功地制备出了实心的树枝状和花瓣为空心的花状碳酸锶粉体,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析手段对样品进行了表征;最后重点对化学添加剂可能产生的影响机理进行了初步的探讨.结果表明,CTAB和SDBS在晶体生长的过程中能起到显著的影响作用,两者对粒子分散性能的作用效果相反,而且后者对晶体(013)和(213)晶面表面能降低的贡献明显大于前者.     

Crystal structures of the cis and trans isomers of a tetrathia[3.3.3.3]cyclophane

Both the cis and trans isomers of 3,11,18,26-tetrathiatricyclo[26.2.2.1^5,9.2^13,16.1^20,24] hexatriaconta-5,7,9,20,22,24-hexene have been prepared and structurally characterized. Each of these centrosymmetric tetrathia dimers includes two cyclohexane rings in chair conformations with either 1,4-cis or 1,4-trans bonding and two meta-substituted benzene rings. The cis isomer packs into the monoclinic space group P2₁/a with a = 10.485(3)Å, b = 10.3956(18)Å, c = 14.1343(10)Å, = 105.200(13)°, Z = 2 and refined to an R factor of 0.046. The trans isomer crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 10.7217(12)Å, b = 5.6797(7)Å, c = 25.415(5)Å, = 96.001(12)°, Z = 2 and refined to an R factor of 0.043. In the cis structure each benzene ring faces a cyclohexane ring while in the trans structure the cyclohexane rings face one another.     

Crystal structure of Zn4Na(OH)6SO4Cl·6H2O

The structure of Zn₄Na(OH)₆SO₄Cl·6H₂O, a secondary mineral from Hettstedt, Germany, was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals are hexagonal,a=8.413(8),c=13.095(24) Å, space group $P\bar 3$ , Z=2. The structure was refined to R=0.0554 and R_w=0.0903 for 970 reflections with I≥3σ(I). The structure can be described as zinc hydroxide layers perpendicular toc, from which sulfates and chlorides extend. The layers are held together by a system of hydrogen bonds involving hexaaquo Na⁺ ions which occupy the interlayer space.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-[2-(6-bromonaphthalenyloxymethyl)]-3-(4-morpholinomethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-thione

Abstract  The title compound, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, a derivative of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 6.8731(3), b = 8.9994(4), c = 15.7099(6) ?, α = 92.779(3)°, β = 130.575(3)°, γ = 107.868(4)°, Z = 2. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the planar naphthyl and morpholine (chair) rings with the planar oxadiazol ring is 50.1(8) and 76.8(6)°, respectively. The planar naphthyl ring is twisted 52.2(5)° with the mean plane of the morpholine ring. A group of four intermolecular close contacts are observed between a bromine atom and hydrogen atoms from the closely packed naphthyl, morpholine and oxy–methyl groups in the unit cell. These molecular interactions in concert with an additional series of π–π stacking interactions that occur between the center of gravity of the two 6-membered rings of the naphthalene group influence the twist angles of each of these three groups. A MOPAC AM1 calculation of the conformation energy of the crystal structure [226.0128(9) kcal] compared to that of the minimum energy structure after geometry optimization [29.9744(1) kcal] reveals a significantly reduced value. The twist angles of the three groups above also change after the AM1 calculation giving support to the influence of both intermolecular C–H···Br short-range interactions and Cg π–π stacking interactions on these angles which therefore play a role in stabilizing crystal packing. Graphical Abstract  Crystal structure of 5-{[(6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, is reported and its geometric and packing parameters described and compared to a MOPAC computational calculation. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

电沉积法制备ZnO纳米棒阵列及其发光特性

本文以掺F的SnO2导电玻璃为基板,以硝酸锌水溶液为电解液,采用三电极恒电位体系电沉积制备ZnO纳米棒阵列,系统考察了硝酸锌浓度和沉积电位等工艺参数对ZnO纳米棒阵列的微观形貌及其发光性能的影响规律.结果表明,硝酸锌浓度和沉积电位对纳米棒阵列的形貌有显著影响,控制适宜的工艺条件可以制备出直径分布均匀、结晶性好且纯度高的六方纤锌矿ZnO纳米棒阵列.荧光光谱分析表明,电沉积制备出的ZnO纳米棒阵列在385 nm附近有一个强荧光发射峰,且发光性能稳定、对纳米棒阵列微观形貌的细微变化不敏感,使其在发光二极管和激光器等领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

Crystal structure of irisolidone from the flowers of Pueraia lobata

Irisolidone (5,7-dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone) was isolated from the flowers of Pueraia lobata and its crystal structure was examined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of irisolidone is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a = 15.491(9) ?, b = 7.895(4) ?, c = 13.321(7) ?, β = 110.546(9)° and Z = 4. Hydrogen bonding and aromatic π–π stacking assemble the title compound into a three-dimensional networking structure.