钙磷物质的量比对磷酸钙骨水泥性能的影响

本研究通过在磷酸钙骨水泥(calcium phosphate cement,CPC)固相配方中添加不同量的氯化钙(CaCl2),制备不同钙磷物质的量比的CPC,研究不同钙磷物质的量比对CPC性能的影响。测试CPC的初、终凝时间。将CPC体外模拟浸泡3d和7d,研究模拟生理条件下CPC的性能,分别利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、力学性能实验机、扫描电镜(SEM)等研究CPC相成分、抗压强度和断面微观形貌。通过化学滴定测定浸泡液中氯离子浓度。结果表明:提高钙磷物质的量比不会显著延长CPC凝结时间;模拟浸泡液中的氯离子浓度处于正常生理条件的范围内;随钙磷物质的量比的增加,水化后CPC的抗压强度显著提高,而经过体外模拟浸泡后,钙磷物质的量比为1.67和1.80的CPC的抗压强度明显下降;具有较高钙磷物质的量比的CPC体外模拟浸泡后,形成多孔结构、弱结晶类骨磷灰石的终产物。     

磷酸钙骨水泥水化机理研究进展

本文综述了Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O-Ca3(PO4)2-Ca4(PO4) 2O,Ca4(PO4)2O-CaHPO4,α-Ca3(PO4)2-少量β-TCP、HAP,β-Ca3(PO 4)2-CaHPO4·H2O-CaCO3及α-Ca3(PO4)2-Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O -CaCO3等几种主要磷酸钙骨水泥体系的特点和水化机理研究进展.     

PLLA-TMC微球增强磷酸钙骨水泥的制备与性能研究

以左旋丙交酯（L-LA）和三亚甲基碳酸酯（TMC）为原料,辛酸亚锡为催化剂,采用本体聚合法制备了不同单体配比的二元无规共聚物（PLTMC64, PLTMC73和PLTMC82）,其结构和性质经¹H NMR, FT-IR, GPC和DCS等表征。采用水包油法将3种二元PLLA-TMC共聚物制成平均直径约50 μm的微球,以5 wt%含量加入到磷酸钙骨水泥中进行固化时间与力学性能测试。结果表明：添加PLTMC73微球为增强相时,骨水泥压缩强度增高到22 MPa左右,且压缩模量能达到1.5 GPa。 SEM照片显示,骨水泥与微球之间有较好的亲和性。      

磷酸钙骨水泥/聚肽共聚物生物复合材料力学性能及微观结构

磷酸钙骨水(Calcium Phosphate Cement,CPC)是一种新型的人工骨材料,可用于人体骨缺损的修复,具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性和骨替代性．然而,磷酸钙骨水泥的抗压强度较低,脆性较大,限制了其应用,因而提高抗压强度和减小其脆性成为CPC研究领域的一个重要课题．目前,普遍采用添加纤维的方法来提高CPC材料的抗压强度和韧性．然而大多数的纤维是非降解性的．     

含硅磷酸钙骨水泥的理化性质及体外细胞毒性

用共沉淀反应法制备硅酸三钙(C3S),将所制备的硅酸三钙(C3S)加入到磷酸钙系骨水泥(CPC)中,制备了一种新型的硅磷酸钙骨水泥(CPSC).研究了该复合骨水泥的理化性质和体外细胞毒性.与CPC骨水泥相比,硅磷酸钙骨水泥(CPSC)的固化时间延长,添加适量的C3S可提高CPC的抗压强度;在模拟体液(SBF)浸泡设定时间后,硅磷酸钙骨水泥(CPSC)降解率增加,并且在浸泡初期,SBF的pH增加.体外细胞毒性实验结果显示:复合C3S骨水泥浸提液能促进成纤维细胞的增殖,表明硅磷酸钙骨水泥有良好的生物相容性.含C3S的磷酸钙骨水泥可作为骨组织再生的生物材料使用.     

非化学计量羟基磷灰石骨水泥的制备及性能研究

采用磷酸四钙和磷酸氢钙混合粉末制备了nCa/nP比为1.58的非化学计量羟基磷灰石骨水泥(n-HAC)及其多孔支架材料。结果表明:与nCa/nP=1.67的化学计量羟基磷灰石骨水泥(HAC)相比,n-HAC的凝结时间和抗压强度没有明显的区别。XRD和IR显示:n-HAC与HAC都为羟基磷灰石结构,但n-HAC在Tris-HCl缓冲溶液的降解性明显大于HAC。细胞培养结果表明:成骨细胞在n-HAC和HAC两种材料上的粘附和细胞形态没有明显的区别,但细胞在n-HAC上的增殖率明显高于HAC。将多孔n-HAC支架材料植入兔股骨缺损处,观察其修复骨缺损情况,组织学分析结果表明:新生骨在多孔支架的表面形成,并长入其内部;n-HAC在体内的降解比HAC快,能明显地促进新骨生成。     

添加磷酸氢钙对硅酸三钙骨水泥性能的影响

本文将磷酸氢钙(CaHPO₄·2H₂O,DCPD)添加到硅酸三钙(Ca₃SiO₅,C₃S)骨水泥中,采用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),万能力学测试机等手段对不同添加量的骨水泥进行表征,考察添加DCPD对硅酸三钙骨水泥性能的影响。实验表明,C₃S材料中添加10% DCPD有着优于单纯C₃S骨水泥的水化性能,骨水泥的初凝时间从92 min缩短到80 min;添加20%~30% DCPD能提高材料的短期力学强度,可以实现其短期抗压强度的优化;添加30%~40% DCPD的材料有着优良的生物活性与适中的可降解性能。结果表明,通过添加DCPD优化C₃S水泥的性能,对各种不同性能具有DCPD添加量的依赖性。通过进一步优化DCPD添加量,将可能获得优良的生物活性骨缺陷填充材料。     

磷酸钙骨水泥水化过程的XRD实时分析

采用ＸＲＤ实时分析方法,研究了磷酸钼骨水泥水化过程中反应物磷酸四钙（ＴｅｔｃＰ）和二水磷权氢钙（ＤＣＰＤ）的消失过程,以及生成物羟基磷灰石（ＯＨＡｐ）的形成过程。结果表明,ＤＣＰＤ比ＴｅｔＣＰ溶解速度快而先耗尽,水化反应的速度受ＴｅｔＣＰ控制,水化产物的主晶相为结晶ＯＨＡＰ。方法简单易行,合理可靠,能够准确实时体现水化反应的动态过程。     

三维打印双固化POXC/CPC可降解骨修复支架

从成分设计和结构控制着手,在木糖醇部分取代1,8-辛二醇与柠檬酸聚合反应制备聚(柠檬酸-辛二醇-木糖醇)酯(POXC)的基础上,采用POXC预聚体与磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)悬浮体三维打印了孔道贯通的POXC/CPC多孔复合预支架,并进一步采用固化反应制备得到该复合支架。探索了材料的可打印参数,评价了复合支架的降解性、润湿性以及生物相容性。结果表明,POXC的降解速率随着木糖醇取代度的增加而增大。56d后,POXC/CPC降解率高达43%,对照组聚(1,8-辛二醇-柠檬酸)酯/CPC(POC/CPC)降解率近10%,这是由于POXC与复合支架的贯通孔结构的协同作用所致。木糖醇的引入及其与CPC的复合大大提高了支架的亲水性,有利于细胞的黏附和增殖。POXC/CPC支架具有贯通的大孔结构、良好的生物相容性和降解性,可促进骨缺损的修复。     

PMMA骨水泥的材料性能与改性研究进展

传统聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA)骨水泥在人工关节置换术、经皮穿刺椎体成形术、球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术等骨修复技术中得到广泛应用。不过,PMMA骨水泥具有反应产热高、单体毒性大、骨传导和骨诱导能力差、生物活性弱、弹性模量过高等缺点,这些弊端一定程度上限制了PMMA的临床应用前景。因此,对PMMA骨水泥进行改性,改善PMMA的力学性能,增强其生物活性以及与骨组织的骨性键接,已成为目前骨组织修复领域的研究焦点。本文将针对PMMA骨水泥的改性研究进展进行综述,介绍改善PMMA骨水泥生物性能和机械性能的有效方法,并对未来PMMA骨水泥的研究方向展开讨论。     

Biological Activity of an Injectable Biphasic Calcium Phosphate/PMMA Bone Cement for Induced Osteogensis in Rabbit Model

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is widely used in repair of vertebral fracture because of its good biomechanical properties and fast curing. However, the bioinertness of PMMA cement may cause interfacial loosening, fatigue, fracture, and ultimate failure. In this study, biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is introduced into PMMA cement to prepare an injectable composite bone cement (BCP_x/PMMA) and the content of BCP is optimized to achieve appropriate rate of absorption that matches the bone regeneration. The compressive strength of BCP_x/PMMA bone cement is found to comply with the International Standardization Organization standard 5833, and can promote biomineralization as well as adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of Sprague‐Dawley rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo test performed on a rabbit radius defect model demonstrates that the presence of BCP can significantly improve the osteogenic efficacy of PMMA cement. Therefore, it is anticipated that BCP_x/PMMA bone cement, as a promising injectable biomaterial, is of great potential in bone tissue regeneration.     

Properties of Ruthenium Complex-Doped Calcium Phosphate/Porous Silicon Nanostructures

In this work, we focus on the optical properties of the ruthenium complexes [Ru(phen)₃]Cl₂ and [Ru(bpy)₃]Cl₂ incorporated into biocompatible calcium phosphate films on porous Si substrates to both characterize the distribution of such species in the film as well as analyze their diffusion from the porous matrix upon aqueous exposure. For the latter measurements, photoluminescence spectroscopy is employed to monitor the changes in emission intensity for the both the calcium phosphate surface and surrounding aqueous environment as a consequence of diffusion from the film. In selected cases, visible absorption spectroscopy was also utilized to measure the appearance of a given complex in the surrounding solution. The effects of heating and anodic bias on the calcium phosphate/porous Si/Si substrate on the kinetics and available equilibrium concentrations of a given Ru complex have also been evaluated.     

电流密度对钙磷沉积层组成和结构的影响(英文)

用X射线衍射、激光拉曼光谱以及等离子体原子发射光谱等技术研究了电化学沉积钙磷陶瓷过程中 ,电流密度对电沉积层组成和结构的影响 .实验表明阴极表面得到的沉积物是几种钙磷盐组成的混合物 ,且其成份随电流密度的改变而发生较大的变化 .在电解液温度为 75℃条件下 ,当控制电流密度较低时 ,沉积层主要由CaHPO4· 2H2 O (DCPD)和Ca8H2 (PO4) 6· 5H2 O (OCP)组成 ;随着电流密度的增加 ,阴极表面逐渐生成Ca3 (PO4) 2 ·nH2 O (TCP)和Ca10 (PO4) 6(OH) 2 (HAP) .当电流密度大于 5mA/cm2 时 ,电沉积层的主要成份为羟基磷灰石 (HAP) .     

The Effect of Microwave Sintering on the Microstructure and Properties of Calcium Phosphate Ceramic

Despite good ability to improved biological affinity and activity of calcium phosphate (CP) ceramic to the surrounding host tissue when implanted, CP ceramic is capable to encourage direct bond with bone as their chemical compositions are similar to the mineral phase of bone. However, the low mechanical property of CP ceramic restricts use in load-bearing applications. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to fabricate dense CP ceramic via used of microwave sintering analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties comparison to conventional ceramic sintering. The sintered specimens were characterized by their surface microstructure, density measurement and hardness test. The result demonstrated that the density and hardness values of sintered CP ceramic specimens by microwave sintering were higher than conventional sintering. The microstructures of CP ceramic microwave sintered specimens show also better microstructures (analyzed by FESEM technique), with fines grain size and the present of apatite layer growth on the surface when examined with SBF solution. It can be concluded that the microwave sintering enhanced better microstructure and mechanical properties of CP ceramic.     

聚羧酸减水剂在水泥水化过程中的微观表现

采用SEM、IR、XRD、pH值和电导率等分析手段研究了聚羧酸减水剂对水泥水化初期的影响,结果表明,聚羧酸减水剂具有减缓水泥的初期水化作用,水泥水化产物的聚合度随水化时间增加而增大,但晶型不改变。在水泥中添加0．3％聚羧酸减水剂,32．5#水泥3d、7d和28d的抗压强度分别提高了50．9％、40．4％、35％。