The design of a high power ultrasonic test cell using finite element modelling techniques

This paper will describe the application of a finite element (FE) code to design a test cell, in which a single transducer is used to generate acoustic cavitation. The FE model comprises a 2-D slice through the centre of the test cell and was used to evaluate the generated pressure fields as a function of frequency. Importantly, the pressure fields predicted by FE modelling are used to indicate the position of pressure peaks, or 'hot-spots', and nulls enabling the systems design engineer to visualise both the potential cavitation areas, corresponding to the 'hot-spots', and areas of low acoustic pressure. Through this design process, a rectangular test cell was constructed from perspex for use with a 40 kHz Tonpilz transducer. A series of experimental measurements was conducted to evaluate the cavitation threshold as a function of temperature and viscosity/surface tension, for different fluid load media. The results indicate the potential of the FE design approach and assist the design engineer in understanding the influence of the fluid load medium on the cell's ability to produce a strong cavitation field.     

Finite element modelling of the elastic-plastic stress and strain state and lifetime of the belt chamber

Abstract

A special finite element method (FEM) programme has been developed, reflected all significant phenomena connected with assembly and exploration of the Belt chamber. A nonhomogeneous temperature field is taken into account. Isotropic, kinematic and mixed hardening rules can be considered.     

ITER聚变装置重力支撑有限元模态分析

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了ITER装置重力支撑结构环向20°的三维有限元模型,采用子空间法对ITER重力支撑结构系统进行了有限元模态分析,求出了重力支撑系统的前10阶固有频率和振型,并对振型特点进行了分析。     

大口径光学元件环境热稳定性的有限元分析

 讨论了靶场光学元件在环境热载荷作用下的变形分析理论和数学描述,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了靶场反射镜的模型,用靶场实测环境温度变化作为载荷,计算得到了反射镜在靶场温度变化0.3 ℃时,垂直镜面方向的变形及其在平行于镜面平面内的转角漂移。结果表明：在当前的温控条件下,光学元件在环境热载荷作用下的变形满足稳定性设计要求。并计算了几种环境温度变化下反射镜的变形和转角漂移。初步的结果表明：环境温度变化与反射镜的转角漂移成正比。     

ITER结构冷却馈线有限元分析

阐述了ITER结构冷却馈线的设计.运用有限元法对冷却馈线进行静力分析及地震分析,校核了馈线的应力及变形情况,验证了馈线结构设计的安全可靠性.     

涡旋板弹簧的有限元分析及实验

板弹簧支承技术是线性压缩机的关键技术之一,在为活塞提供轴向回复力的同时,还用来支承压缩活塞、保证密封间隙。在优化分析的基础上,文中设计制造了一款三臂涡旋板弹簧。利用ANSYS有限元软件分析了该款板弹簧的轴向刚度、径向刚度、应力分布以及固有频率特性,并对板弹簧的轴向刚度和固有频率进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,采用有限元分析方法分析板弹簧性能是有效的。     

斯特林制冷机中膜片弹簧的有限元可视化分析

文中对直线电机驱动斯特林制冷机中的膜片弹簧进行了有限元分析,得到了几种载荷状态下的可视化变形图,并将计算结果与实验值进行了比较,验证了有限元方法的有效性。通过对应力集中、固有频率等方面的研究,对膜片弹簧的线型进行优化,以适应制冷机航天工作的要求。     

带工具的高能聚焦超声变幅杆的有限元分析

在分析高能聚焦超声原理的基础上，本文研究了高能聚焦超声技术，并且对安装工具后的变幅杆进行了有限元分析。试验表明，高能聚焦超声技术在清洗、焊接领域具有高效、可连续工作的优势。     

Finite element modeling of the deformation of magnetoelastic film

Recently a new class of biocompatible elastic polymers loaded with small ferrous particles, a magnetoelastic polymer, has been developed. This engineered material is formed into a thin film using spin casting. An applied magnetic field will deform the film. The magnetic deformation of this film has many possible applications, particularly in microfluidic pumps and pressure regulators. In this paper a finite element method suitable for the transient simulation of arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional magnetoelastic polymers subjected to time-varying magnetic fields is developed. The approach is similar to that employed in finite elment magnetohydrodynamic simulations, the key difference is a more complex hyperelastic material model. In order to confirm the validity of the approach, finite element solutions for an axially symmetric thin film are compared to an analytical solution based on the membrane (infinitely thin) approximation. For this particular problem the two approaches give qualitatively similar results and converge as the film thickness approaches zero.     

Finite element method for the two-dimensional atmospheric radiative transfer

The finite element method is applied to the solution of the two-dimensional atmospheric radiative transfer. The analysis is mainly focussed on the derivation of the cell or element equation. The Galerkin method and several hybrid methods using the integral and finite difference form of the radiative transfer equation are employed to obtain the cell equation. The assembled system of equations relating the radiances at the lower and upper boundary of the domain is solved by a direct method.     

三种不同型线柔性弹簧的有限元分析及对比研究

柔性弹簧对于低温制冷机的间隙密封及可靠性具有重要作用,文中在总结国内外柔性弹簧型线的基础上,针对用于低温制冷机的三种典型柔性弹簧,采用Ansys软件对其应力分布、径轴向刚度以及自然频率等特性进行了数值模拟和对比分析,该研究为探索具有优良性能的新型线结构的柔性弹簧指明了方向.     

Finite element analysis of AC loss in non-twisted Bi-2223 tape carrying AC transport current and/or exposed to DC or AC external magnetic field

AC losses in Bi-2223 superconducting tapes carrying AC transport current and/or exposed to DC or AC magnetic field are calculated with a numerical model based on the finite element method. Superconducting property is given by the E–J characteristic represented by a power law using equivalent conductivity. First, transport loss and magnetization loss are calculated numerically and compared with measured values. The calculated losses almost agree with the measured losses. Frequency dependencies of calculated and measured transport losses are compared with each other. Next, the influence of DC external magnetic field on the transport loss is studied. DC external magnetic field reduces n that is an exponent in the power law connecting resistivity and current density. The numerically calculated transport loss increases with increasing DC magnetic field. Finally, the total loss of superconducting tape carrying AC transport current in AC magnetic field is calculated. In the perpendicular magnetic field, the calculated total loss is lager than the sum of the transport loss and the magnetization loss, while they almost agree with each other in the parallel magnetic field.     

超声复合振动系统中局部共振现象的有限元分析

本文用有限元软件对超声复合振动系统中的局部共振现象进行了仿真计算.通过对仿真结果的分析,验证了“局部共振是耦合振动”的观点.在此基础上,用有限元方法进一步研究了截面直径比、工具杆长度等影响局部共振的因素,总结出了产生局部共振的条件.     

Finite element modelling of creep cavity filling by solute diffusion

In recently discovered self healing creep steels, open-volume creep cavities are filled by the precipitation of supersaturated solute. These creep cavities form on the grain boundaries oriented perpendicular to the applied stress. The presence of a free surface triggers a flux of solute from the matrix, over the grain boundaries towards the creep cavities. We studied the creep cavity filling by finite element modelling and found that the filling time critically depends on (i) the ratio of diffusivities in the grain boundary and the bulk, and (ii) on the ratio of the intercavity distance and the cavity size. For a relatively large intercavity spacing 3D transport is observed when the grain boundary and volume diffusivities are of a similar order of magnitude, while a 2D behaviour is observed when the grain boundary diffusivity is dominant. Instead when the intercavity distance is small, the transport behaviour tends to a 1D behaviour in all cases, as the amount of solute available in the grain boundary is insufficient. A phase diagram with the transition lines is constructed.     

Finite element modeling of the mechanical effects of the UV laser ablation of polymer coatings

Laser ablation constitutes the basis of a number of techniques aiming at the processing and diagnosis of polymeric coatings on a variety of substrates. In all these applications, however, the issue is raised about the mechanical effects of the procedure on the substrate integrity. To this end, we employ finite element modeling for simulating the mechanical effects of UV laser ablation on a polymer specimen, with particular emphasis on the structural modifications that may be induced at areas away from the ablation spot. The cylindrical specimen consists of a poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) film on a silica substrate. The analysis shows that stresses of high enough amplitude may propagate to distances far away from the irradiated spot and may induce deleterious mechanical deformations (e.g., cracks or delaminations). The dependence of the distribution of the tensile stresses on the thickness of the two components, as well as on size of the ablation spot area, is examined. Finally, the possibility of growth of pre-existing defects is shown. The results are overall in very good agreement with experimental observations.     

Finite element analysis of concurrent radiation and conduction in participating media

A method is proposed to calculate temperature, conductive and radiative heat flux distributions in a participating medium. The method is based on the simultaneous solution of two non-linear and mutually conjugated equations describing distribution of both temperature and the so-called radiation function in the medium. In the case of isotropic scattering, the latter quantity, is proportional to the local energy density of radiation. The solution of the coupled non-linear equations is based on the finite element spatial discretization combined with the iterative technique.     

ICF空心微球靶传热的有限元分析

 为分析冷冻靶丸外部温度场，应用ANSYS软件对ICF空心微球靶的热传递进行了有限元分析。建立了单元传热的几何物理模型，靶丸微球呈空间均匀分布，计算区域由三个同心球壳组成，分别为液体层、靶丸壳层以及氦气层，氦气层厚度为球壳层厚度的7倍。模型左右两边界设为绝热边界条件，采用智能自动划分网格,设定参数为3，单元类型为三角形。模拟表明，在靶丸工作温度为24 K的情况下，为保持靶丸气泡受力平衡，自洽得到靶丸内部温度梯度为14.02 K/cm，以此求解出所施加的外部温度场为7.758 K/cm。将计算值与现有的实验结果进行了比较，模拟结果与国外实验值(8.2 K/cm)吻合得较好。     

Laser shock forming of aluminum sheet: Finite element analysis and experimental study

Laser shock forming (LSF) is characterized in non-contact load, high pressure and high strain ratio. This new forming process using laser-induced shock pressure can shape sheet metal without complicated forming equipments. The know-how of the forming process is essential to efficiently and accurately control the deformation of sheet metal. Experiment and numerical simulation are the important approaches for forming analysis. Taken the aluminum sheets with different thickness as the specimen, the finite element (FE) analysis for LSF was performed. In the paper, Q-switch Nd:YAG Laser with a maximum power density of 4.5 GW/cm² was used. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experiment. It showed that the formed aluminum sheets were in the form of concavo-convex. Finally, the transient and static deformations of thin sheet metal under specific operation conditions were also studied.     

A finite element analysis of multiple ion receiving plates for ionizer balance monitoring

This paper reports a finite element analysis of multiple ion receiving plates to investigate the optimum number of plates for achieving fine-grained resolution in ionizer balance measurement. Both square and circular plates, also subdivided into 4, 9, 16, 25, and 36 segment plates, were modeled in an electrostatic field. The potential distribution of each model was further analyzed by simple linear regression to assess the measurement resolution. The results indicate that the segmented plates provide improved measurement resolution.     

KDP晶体微纳加工表层杂质对其激光损伤阈值影响的有限元分析

 根据KDP晶体杂质附近的温度场及热应力场理论,分析了微纳加工表层杂质影响下晶体温度场及热应力场的分布情况,发现杂质离子对激光的强吸收作用是造成KDP晶体损伤的主要原因之一,也是影响KDP晶体激光损伤阈值的最主要因素。通过分析还发现杂质半径对晶体的激光损伤阈值也有影响,并得到一个有害的杂质半径,使得杂质吸收能量最多,温度最高。另外杂质种类及杂质含量的不同也会对晶体的激光损伤阈值产生影响。