Quadrature formulas for functions with a boundary-layer component

Quadrature formulas for one-variable functions with a boundary-layer component are constructed and studied. It is assumed that the integrand can be represented as the sum of a regular and a boundary-layer component, the latter having high gradients that reduce the accuracy of classical quadrature formulas, such as the trapezoidal and Simpson rules. The formulas are modified so that their error is independent of the gradients of the boundary-layer component. Results of numerical experiments are presented.     

Analogue of Newton–Cotes formulas for numerical integration of functions with a boundary-layer component

The numerical integration of functions with a boundary-layer component whose derivatives are not uniformly bounded is investigated. The Newton–Cotes formulas as applied to such functions can lead to significant errors. An analogue of Newton–Cotes formulas that is exact for the boundary-layer component is constructed. For the resulting formula, an error estimate that is uniform with respect to the boundary-layer component and its derivatives is obtained. Numerical results that agree with the error estimates are presented.     

Spline interpolation on a uniform grid for functions with a boundary-layer component

Spline interpolation of functions of one variable with a boundary-layer component is examined. Functions of this type can arise in the solution of a singularly perturbed boundary value problem on an interval. Spline interpolation formulas that are exact for the boundary-layer component are constructed, and their errors are estimated. Formulas for calculating the derivative based on the constructed interpolants are obtained. Numerical results are presented.     

An analogue of the four-point Newton-Cotes formula for a function with a boundary-layer component

The construction of the Newton-Cotes formulas is based on approximating the integrand by a Lagrange polynomial. The error of such quadrature formulas can be great for a function with a boundary-layer component. In this paper, an analog of the four-point Newton-Cotes rule is constructed. The construction is based on using a nonpolynomial interpolation that is exact for the boundary layer component. Error estimates of the quadrature rule independent of the boundary layer component gradients are obtained. Numerical experiments are performed.     

Modification of the Euler quadrature formula for functions with a boundary-layer component

The Euler quadrature formula for the numerical integration of functions with a boundary-layer component on a uniform grid is investigated. If the function under study has a rapidly growing component, the error can be significant. A uniformly accurate quadrature formula is constructed by modifying the Hermite interpolation formula so that the resulting one is exact for the boundary-layer component. An analogue of the Euler formula that is exact for the boundary-layer component is constructed. It is proved that the resulting composite quadrature formula is third-order accurate in space uniformly with respect to the boundary-layer component and its derivatives.     

Regularization of a two-dimensional singularly perturbed parabolic problem

A regularized asymptotic expansion of the solution to a singularly perturbed two-dimensional parabolic problem in domains with boundaries containing corner points is constructed. The asymptotics of solutions to such problems contain ordinary boundary-layer functions, parabolic boundary-layer functions, and their products, which describe a corner boundary layer.     

Boundary Layers and Boundary Hinge-Support Conditions for Thin Plates

The boundary-layer phenomenon is investigated for a thin three-dimensional plate. An arbitrary anisotropy of elastic properties and nonhomogeneity in longitudinal and transversal directions are assumed. Several initial asymptotic terms are constructed and a way of continuing the asymptotic procedure is described. Precise estimates of the difference between the exact and approximate solutions are obtained for the energy norm. An amalgamated problem is formed that gives the two-term asymptotics of the fields of displacements and stresses at a distance from the lateral side of the plate, whereas the edge effects are simulated by conditions of elastic fastening containing integral characteristics of the boundary-layer problem in the semistrip. Hinge-support conditions due to a sufficiently narrow clamped zone at the edge of the plate are derived and justified as well. Bibliography: 48 titles.     

Inertia Effects in Squeeze Flows of Viscoplastic Fluids

A squeeze flow of a viscoplastic fluid through a narrow clearance between two coaxial surfaces of revolution is considered. The problem is described by boundary-layer equations. With the use of the method of integral approaches, formulas for the pressure distribution are obtained. Generally, the flow of viscoplastic fluids given by the nonlinear Shulman model is considered. The flows of viscoplastic fluids given by the Herschel, Bulkley, Bingham, Ostwald-de Waele, and Newton models are discussed in detail. Numerical examples of pressure distributions in the clearance between parallel disks are presented.     

Self-similar solutions describing unsteady thermocapillary fluid flows

Unsteady thermocapillary flows in thin layers and layers of infinite thickness with non-uniform heating of the free boundary are investigated at high Marangoni numbers. In the plane and axially symmetric cases, self-similar solutions of the non-linear boundary-layer equations are constructed and asymptotic formulae are presented. It is shown that the self-similar solutions may be non-unique for certain values of the parameters of the problem. The branching points are calculated numerically and the branched solutions are investigated.     

Asymptotic solution of singularly perturbed linear-quadratic optimal control problems with discontinuous coefficients

An asymptotic solution of a singularly perturbed linear-quadratic optimal control problem with discontinuous coefficients is constructed by directly substituting an boundary-layer asymptotic expansion of the solution into the condition of the problem and considering a series of problems for finding the asymptotic terms. The error in the approximate solution is estimated. It is shown that the values of the minimized functional do not increase when the next approximations of the optimal control are used.     

基于前向差分的一阶数值微分公式验证与实践

根据多项式插值理论,可以通过构造相应的插值多项式来逼近未知的目标函数,再进一步求一阶导数,从而得到该目标函数的一阶数值微分公式.对于此数值微分公式,探讨基于前向差分的未知目标函数的多点一阶微分近似公式;即,等间距情况下的二至十六个数据点的前向差分公式.计算机数值实验进一步验证与表明,该用于未知目标函数一阶数值微分的多点公式可以取得较高的计算精度.     

一类多步并行Runge—Kutta公式

本文构造了一类适合在多处理机系统上实现的并行Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ公式，对于其中的具体公式证明了收敛性，给出它的稳定区域，数值例子表明，该公式可以有效地求解常微分方程初值问题。     

Maximization of the lift/drag ratio of airfoils with a turbulent boundary layer: Sharp estimates,approximation, and numerical solutions

The lift/drag ratio of an airfoil placed in an incompressible attached flow is maximized taking into account the viscosity in the boundary-layer approximation. An exact solution is constructed. The situation when the resulting solutions are not in the admissible class of univalent flows is discussed. A procedure is proposed for determining physically feasible airfoils (with a univalent flow region) with a high lift/drag ratio. For this purpose, a class of airfoils is constructed that are determined by a twoparameter function approximating the found exact solution to the variational problem. For this class, the ranges of free parameters leading to physically feasible flows are found. The results are verified by computing a turbulent boundary layer using Eppler’s method, and airfoils with a high lift/drag ratio in an attached flow are detected.     

Asymptotic Solution of a Boundary-Value Problem for Linear Singularly-Perturbed Functional Differential Equations Arising in Optimal Control Theory

The Hamiltonian boundary-value problem, associated with a singularly-perturbed linear-quadratic optimal control problem with delay in the state variables, is considered. A formal asymptotic solution of this boundary-value problem is constructed by application of the boundary function method. The justification of this asymptotic solution is done. The asymptotic solution of the Hamiltonian boundary-value problem is constructed and justified assuming boundary-layer stabilizability and detectability.     

On the Hilbert formulas on the unit sphere for the time-harmonic relativistic Dirac bispinors theory

In this paper there are established some analogues of the Hilbert formulas on the unit sphere for the theory of time-harmonic (monochromatic) relativistic Dirac bispinors. The formulas relate a pair of the components of the limit value of a time-harmonic Dirac bispinor in the unit ball to the other pair of components. The obtained results are based on the intimate connection between time-harmonic solutions of the relativistic Dirac equation and the three-dimensional α-hyperholomorphic function theory. Hilbert formulas for α-hyperholomorphic function theory for α being a complex quaternionic number are also presented, such formulas relate a pair of components of the boundary value of an α-hyperholomorphic function in the unit ball to the other pair of components, in an analogy with what is known for the case of the theory of functions of one complex variable.     

Asymptotics of the solution to a singularly perturbed elliptic problem with a three-zone boundary layer

For a singularly perturbed elliptic boundary value problem, an asymptotic expansion of the boundary-layer solution is constructed and justified in the case when the boundary layer consists of three zones with different behavior of the solution, which is caused by the multiplicity of the root of the degenerate equation.     

The construction of reciprocity and integral representation formulas of the general solution for quasistatic and dynamic problems of uncoupled generalized thermoelasticity

Reciprocity formulas are constructed and representations of the Somigliani-type are obtained for quasistatic and dynamic problems of uncoupled generalized thermoelasticity in the Lord-Shulman formulation that is effective for applications. Moreover, representations are obtained for the stresses and heat flux. Unlike the existing approach (/1/, say) these formulas are derived on the basis of an examination of the system of differential equations of the above-mentioned problems of generalized thermoelasticity as a system with appropriate non-selfadjoint differential operators. Operators adjoint to the initial differential operators are introduced into consideration for the construction of the reciprocity formulas (second Green's formula), and a Laplace transformation is used.     

An asymptotic solution of the Signorini problem for a beam lying on two rigid supports

An asymptotic solution is constructed to the Signorini problem for a two-dimensional thin beam that is in possible contact with two rigid supports. For the position of points where the beam leaves the base, an asymptotic formula is derived by analysis of the boundary-layer phenomenon near these points. Bibliography: 13 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 324, 2005, pp. 43–60.     

New boundary element formulas for plane elasticity

A plane elasticity problem leads us to a biharmonic equation with the boundary condition, consisting of first order partial derivatives. We apply the boundary integral equation formulas by Y. Jeon (1996) for the problem. Derivation of the formulas and the concerned analysis and numerical examples are presented. The formulas are especially efficient in evaluating the stress tensor on the boundary as well as inside the domain. It is the stress tensor components that are physically important quantities for the problem.     

A singularly perturbed elliptic problem in the case of a multiple root of the degenerate equation

The solution of a singularly perturbed elliptic boundary value problem is constructed, and an asymptotic expansion of the boundary-layer solution in the case of a double root of the degenerate equation is justified. The multiplicity of the root leads to a qualitative change in the asymptotic representation of the solution as compared with the case of a simple root.