狭缝宽度对双缝后光场分布的影响

双缝光叠加的内容是波动光学中的重要组成部分,其后场是单缝菲涅耳衍射与双缝干涉综合作用的结果,难以得到精确的解析表达。本文基于波动光学中的惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,通过Matlab数值计算获得了不同双缝之后的光场分布。结果表明狭缝的宽度对其后叠加光场分布的影响很大。对于不透光部分为5.0mm的等宽双缝,当缝宽与入射光波长数量级相同时,其后轴线附近的光场可近似为杨氏双缝干涉结果;当缝宽比入射光波长大1～2个数量级时,其后场可近似为单缝夫琅禾费衍射修正的杨氏双缝干涉结果;而当缝宽比入射光波长大3个数量级以上时,后场表现为明显的直线传播特性。只有在宽度适当的双缝之后才出现典型的光栅衍射图谱,而且两缝宽度之间的差异将使得反衬度γ降低,导致条纹模糊。     

线性扫频影响超短光脉冲远域衍射场分布的理论分析

本文分析了具有线性扫频高斯型超短光脉冲衍射场的能量分布,教学计算结果显示了线性扫频对衍射场的影响.通过衍射分析可以获得光脉冲的信息.     

近场拉盖尔-高斯光束传输参数的双缝干涉测量实验

拉盖尔-高斯(Laguerre-Gaussian,LG)光束具有轨道角动量,分析近场条件下LG光束通过含光阑光学系统传输的解析公式,对不同阶LG光束通过双缝时双缝间的相位差变化进行了计算。利用计算机生成叉形衍射光栅显示在空间光调制器上,基模高斯光束产生衍射,得到不同阶次LG涡旋光束,通过CCD采集LG空心光束的光斑及双缝干涉后的图样,实现对LG光束传输轨道角动量特性的实验测量。在确定光束束径下,分析了叉形衍射光栅密度、空心光束宽度半径比、双缝宽度等参数对双缝干涉条纹的影响,在距离激光器1m处的SLM上显示4mm×5mm叉形衍射光栅,光栅密度约为16lines/mm,可产生暗斑尺寸在0.5mm~0.9mm之间、宽度半径比为0.2的LG空心光束。LG光束通过双缝宽度0.2mm,双缝间距0.5mm的光栅,可以得到清晰的干涉条纹。研究结果为近场光通信中利用光学涡旋轨道角动量编码信息提供了理论依据。     

高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束相位奇点的演化

 推导出被光阑衍射高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束的场和光强分布的解析公式,对其相位奇点的演化特性做了计算和分析。结果表明,高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束经光阑衍射后,中心光涡旋始终存在,拓扑电荷守恒。随脉冲频率和脉冲宽度增加,等相位线均沿逆时针方向旋转,涡旋核随脉冲频率增加而减小,而脉冲宽度对涡旋核大小几乎无影响。等相位线随截断参数和传输距离的增加分别沿逆时针和顺时针方向旋转,涡旋核大小随截断参数增加而变化,随传输距离和光束阶数的增加而增大。     

高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束相位奇点的演化

推导出被光阑衍射高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束的场和光强分布的解析公式,对其相位奇点的演化特性做了计算和分析。结果表明,高阶贝塞尔-高斯脉冲光束经光阑衍射后,中心光涡旋始终存在,拓扑电荷守恒。随脉冲频率和脉冲宽度增加,等相位线均沿逆时针方向旋转,涡旋核随脉冲频率增加而减小,而脉冲宽度对涡旋核大小几乎无影响。等相位线随截断参数和传输距离的增加分别沿逆时针和顺时针方向旋转,涡旋核大小随截断参数增加而变化,随传输距离和光束阶数的增加而增大。     

平面变线距光栅衍射场的解析表达式

利用多缝干涉原理计算了平面变线距光栅的衍射场分布,给出了它的主极大位置、半宽度等物理量.讨论了该光栅在成像参量变化时对光栅衍射场的影响,得到了变线距光栅单色器参量变化的限制范围.     

电磁脉冲与窄缝腔体耦合共振特性分析

应用时域有限差分法模拟计算了电磁脉冲对窄缝和窄缝腔体的线性耦合过程。通过定义能量耦合传输系数,分析耦合能量随窄缝宽度和厚度及时间的变化关系,得出在正弦波调制的高斯脉冲源激励下,窄缝和窄缝腔体的耦合共振特性。     

复色光光栅衍射实验的Matlab仿真

光栅衍射光谱在单缝衍射因子和缝间干涉因子的共同作用下,随着缝的宽度,光栅常数以及缝的数目都会发生各种变化。本文基于光栅衍射原理,利用衍射光强公式,运用Matlab编写程序,模拟复色光光栅衍射实验,生动清晰的呈现光栅的分光作用,通过改变仿真中的参数值,研究了复色光光栅衍射光谱随缝宽,光栅常数以及缝数等参数的变化,分析了影响光栅分辨本领的因素。计算机仿真可以快速准确地显示实验结果,对加深教学中重点难点知识的理解,提高教学和学生学习的效果有重要意义。     

电磁脉冲与窄缝腔体耦合共振特性分析

 应用时域有限差分法模拟计算了电磁脉冲对窄缝和窄缝腔体的线性耦合过程。通过定义能量耦合传输系数，分析耦合能量随窄缝宽度和厚度及时间的变化关系，得出在正弦波调制的高斯脉冲源激励下，窄缝和窄缝腔体的耦合共振特性。     

光通过单缝衍射实验的简易做法

光通过狭缝，随着缝的宽度变窄，光将偏离直线传播的规律，在光屏上形成明暗相间的条纹，这就是光的衍射现象．该实验通常做法是用现存的缝宽固定的单缝进行实验，虽然在屏上很容易观察到衍射条纹，但单缝宽度却不好或者不易连续改变．采用下面的简易方法进行实验，就能随意改变缝的宽度，从而清楚地观察到随着缝宽的变化屏上形成的光斑及衍射条纹的动态变化情况，在此基础上进行分析就很容易得出产生明显衍射现象的条件及单缝衍射图样的情况．     

Amplitude and phase control of ultrashort pulses by use of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter: pulse compression and shaping

We demonstrate experimentally that an arbitrary phase and amplitude profile can be applied to an ultrashort pulse by use of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (AOPDF). Our filter has a large group-delay range that extends over 3 ps and a 30% diffraction efficiency over 150 THz. Experiments were conducted on a kilohertz chirped-pulse amplification laser chain capable of generating 30-fs pulses without additional pulse shaping. Compensating for gain narrowing and residual phase errors with an AOPDF in place of the stretcher results in 17-fs transform-limited pulses. Arbitrary shaping of these 17-fs pulses is also demonstrated in both the temporal and the spectral domains.     

High-repetition-rate sub-5-fs pulses with 12 GW peak power from fiber-amplifier-pumped optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification

An optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system delivering pulses with more than 12 GW peak power is presented. Compression to sub-5 fs, 87 μJ and 5.4 fs, 100 μJ is realized at the 30 kHz repetition rate. A high-energy fiber chirped-pulse amplification system operating at 1 mJ pulse energy and nearly transform-limited pulses is used to achieve ultrabroadband amplification in two 2mm beta-barium borate crystals. Precise pulse shaping is used to compress the pulses to a few percentages of their transform limit. Assuming diffraction limited focusing (d<2 μm), peak intensities as high as 10(18) W/cm(2) can be reached.     

Cross-validation of theoretically quantified fiber continuum generation and absolute pulse measurement by MIIPS for a broadband coherently controlled optical source

The predicted spectral phase of a fiber continuum pulsed source rigorously quantified by the scalar generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation is found to be in excellent agreement with that measured by multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan (MIIPS) with background subtraction. This cross-validation confirms the absolute pulse measurement by MIIPS and the transform-limited compression of the fiber continuum pulses by the pulse shaper performing the MIIPS measurement, and permits the subsequent coherent control on the fiber continuum pulses by this pulse shaper. The combination of the fiber continuum source with the MIIPS-integrated pulse shaper produces compressed transform-limited 9.6 fs (FWHM) pulses or arbitrarily shaped pulses at a central wavelength of 1020 nm, an average power over 100 mW, and a repetition rate of 76 MHz. In comparison to the 229-fs pump laser pulses that generate the fiber continuum, the compressed pulses reflect a compression ratio of 24.     

Dynamics of high-power self-similar light pulses in a fiber laser with a carbon-nanotube saturable absorber

We present a numerical analysis of the dynamics of high-power self-similar light pulses in a fiber laser with a saturable absorber based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This analysis allows us to identify lasing regimes in a CNT-mode-locked ytterbium-fiber laser enabling the generation of self-similar linearly chirped light pulses with an energy up to 330 nJ, which can be compressed to a 210-fs transform-limited pulse width through linear chirp compensation in a pulse compressor. We show that, for typical parameters of a fiber laser, the bandwidth and the minimum transform-limited pulse width of a self-similar laser output are primarily limited by the small modulation depth of a CNT absorber.     

Numerical simulation for characterizing femtosecond optical pulses with the SPIDER algorithm

In this article based on the spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER), the femtosecond pulses with various phase characters are numerically simulated. The spectral phases and amplitudes of the transform-limited pulse, the linear chirped pulse, the cubic dispersion pulse, the quartic dispersion pulse, the self-phase modulation pulse and the pulses with the combination of different chirped characters are retrieved. These characterized pulses are applicable to the real-time measurement as samples for diagnosing the chirped characters of pulses quickly.     

A time-compensated spectral filter for transform-limited tunable picosecond pulse generation from spectro-temporal-selection dye lasers

Diffraction and transform-limited picosecond tunable pulses are generated from Spectro-temporal-Selection (STS) dye lasers by using a new extra-cavity filter. This filter is based on a grazing-incident grating and arranged in the configuration of a folded dispersive delay line. Thus, it provides both high spectral selectivity and controllable temporal compensation for elimination of pulse broadening. Direct production of diffraction- and transform-limited picosecond dye laser (10 µJ, 50 ps) pulses spectrally adjustable between 398 and 702 nm is demonstrated in a compact device, with 8 ns pump pulses from a nanosecond nitrogen laser.     

Multiphoton intrapulse interference. IV. Ultrashort laser pulse spectral phase characterization and compensation

We introduce a noninterferometric single beam method to characterize and compensate the spectral phase of ultrashort femtosecond pulses accurately. The method uses a pulse shaper that scans calibrated phase functions to determine the unknown spectral phase of a pulse. The pulse shaper can then be used to synthesize arbitrary phase femtosecond pulses or it can introduce a compensating spectral phase to obtain transform-limited pulses. This method is ideally suited for the generation of tailored spectral phase functions required for coherent control experiments.     

Ad-hoc design of temporally shaped fs laser pulses based on plasma dynamics for deep ablation in fused silica

We have analyzed the ablation depth yield of fused silica irradiated with shaped pulse trains with a separation of 500 fs and increasing or decreasing intensity envelopes. This temporal separation value is extracted from previous studies on ablation dynamics upon irradiation with transform-limited 100 fs laser pulses. The use of decreasing intensity pulse trains leads to a strong increase of the induced ablation depth when compared to the behavior, at the same pulse fluence, of intensity increasing pulse trains. In addition, we have studied the material response under stretched (500 fs, FWHM) and transform-limited (100 fs, FWHM) pulses, for which avalanche or multiphoton ionization respectively dominates the carrier generation process. The comparison of the corresponding evolution of the ablated depth vs. fluence suggests that the use of pulse trains with decreasing intensity at high fluences should lead to enhanced single exposure ablation depths, beyond the limits corresponding to MPI- or AI-alone dominated processes.     

负啁啾高强度飞秒脉冲在正常色散材料中传输特性研究

利用块状正常色散材料作非线性介质，实验研究了负啁啾强激光飞秒脉冲在正常色散材料的传输过程中，脉冲波形及频谱随入射脉冲能量的变化特性.实验发现，负啁啾脉冲经过材料后激光光谱在被整形和压缩的同时，脉冲宽度也被压缩.实验获得的压缩脉冲宽度短于相等光谱宽度下的双曲正割转换极限脉冲宽度.数值模拟结果显示，在实验条件下模拟结果具有同样的变化特性. 关键词： 飞秒脉冲 自压缩 负啁啾 自聚焦     

Intensity noise of mode-locked fiber grating external cavity semiconductor lasers

The noise of hybrid soliton pulse source (HSPS) with linearly chirped Gaussian apodized fiber Bragg grating is analyzed by couple-mode equations including spontaneous emission noise when HSPS is mode-locked. Relative intensity noise (RIN) is calculated using numerical solutions of these equations. It is shown that transform-limited pulses are generated over a wide tuning range around the fundamental mode-locking frequency with low spontaneous noise. However, high noise level affects the operation of device, and therefore transform-limited pulses are not obtainable over a wide tuning range. Linewidth enhancement factor and spontaneous coupling factor are the most effective noise parameters and noise increases with increasing value of these parameters.