溶剂对Bi2WO6形貌及其γ射线屏蔽性能的影响

通过简单的溶剂热法,在不添加任何表面活性剂的情况下,系统地研究吡啶、甘露醇、聚乙二醇和乙二醇四种溶剂对Bi2WO6辐射防护材料的影响。并利用XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM和DRS等分析技术对Bi2WO6晶体的组成、形貌、比表面积和禁带宽度等进行了表征。实验结果表明,溶剂对防护材料的形貌、光致发光性能和辐射防护性能有较大影响。选用吡啶作为溶剂,有利于材料形成不规则纳米球,提高其结晶度、光致发光强度及射线屏蔽率。该形貌下PS/Bi2WO6材料对155Eu和22Na混合点源的105.310 keV的射线屏蔽率达54.17%,已高于传统防护材料PbWO4。     

溶剂对Bi2WO6形貌及其γ射线屏蔽性能的影响

通过简单的溶剂热法,在不添加任何表面活性剂的情况下,系统地研究吡啶、甘露醇、聚乙二醇和乙二醇四种溶剂对Bi2WO6辐射防护材料的影响。并利用XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM和DRS等分析技术对Bi2WO6晶体的组成、形貌、比表面积和禁带宽度等进行了表征。实验结果表明,溶剂对防护材料的形貌、光致发光性能和辐射防护性能有较大影响。选用吡啶作为溶剂,有利于材料形成不规则纳米球,提高其结晶度、光致发光强度及射线屏蔽率。该形貌下PS/Bi2WO6材料对155Eu和22Na混合点源的105.310 keV的射线屏蔽率达54.17%,已高于传统防护材料PbWO4。     

圆盘状Bi2WO6-BiPO4异质结的水热合成及光催化性能 (cited: 1)

采用水热法制备Bi₂WO₆-BiPO₄异质结光催化剂．利用模拟太阳光照射下的罗丹明B降解实验评价了Bi₂WO₆-BiPO₄复合物的光催化性能．结果表明,Bi₂WO₆-BiPO₄光催化活性比Bi₂WO₆和BiPO₄高得多．当Bi₂WO₆与BiPO₄的摩尔比为1:1时复合光催化剂对罗丹明B的降解率最高．Bi₂WO₆-BiPO₄催化活性增强主要归结为两者之间形成了有效的异质结结构,其内建电场能够促进光生载流子的分离．同时,Bi₂WO₆的加入增强了其对可见光的吸收．研究表明O₂· ^-和h⁺在光催化降解过程中是主要的活性物种     

三元异质结构Ag-Bi2MoO6/BiPO4光催化剂高效降解苯酚红

多组分复合体系有利于电荷的有效分离,减少电子空穴对的复合几率。通过低温液相法首次合成Ag-Bi₂MoO₆/BiPO₄三元异质结构光催化剂。利用XRD、SEM、EDX及XPS等技术对样品进行了表征。结果表明,Ag纳米粒子光照积累在Bi₂MoO₆/BiPO₄的表面,通过表面等离子共振增加对可见光的吸收,同时作为电子受体促进了光生电子的转移。Ag、BiPO₄和Bi₂MoO₆形成三元异质结构有效地抑制了光生电子空穴对的复合。Ag-Bi₂MoO₆/BiPO₄表现出优异的光催化性能,其光催化活性较BiPO₄、Bi₂MoO₆和Bi₂MoO₆/BiPO₄样品有较大提高。并且对Ag-Bi₂MoO₆/BiPO₄三元异质结构的光催化机制进行了讨论。光催化过程中反应活性物种捕获实验结果表明h⁺和O₂^·-是主要的活性基团.     

纤维状TiO2/Bi2O3光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

以C₁₆H₃₆O₄Ti和Bi(NO₃)·5H₂O为原料,以棉花纤维为生物模板,合成了系列纤维状TiO₂/Bi₂O₃光催化剂．采用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis等测试技术对样品的相结构、形貌和吸光性能等进行了表征分析．结果表明,样品中的Bi₂O₃为单斜相和四方相共存的混晶,纤维长度达到毫米级,     

Na0.25K0.25Bi0.5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷的介电特性研究

用固相反应法制备了Na_0.25K_0.25Bi_0.5TiO₃ (NKBT50)陶瓷，研究了该陶瓷在室温至400℃温度范围内的介电性能.发现该陶瓷的介电温谱与烧结气氛、极化状态有关.在空气中烧结的未极化样品在70℃附近存在介电和损耗峰，而极化后及在氧气氛中烧结的样品并不存在该介电、损耗峰.分析认为70℃的介电和损耗峰与氧空位形成的缺陷偶极子的极化弛豫有关.热激电流显示，陶瓷的去极化温度为225℃，与此相对应的介电、损耗峰也 关键词： 介电性能 氧空位 极化弛豫 钛酸铋钠钾     

Ce掺杂Bi2O3 光催化剂的制备、表征及其可见光催化性能

采用水热-焙烧法制备了Ce掺杂的可见光响应的Bi₂O₃光催化剂（Ce-Bi₂O₃）。利用 XRD、FT-IR、XPS和 UV-Vis对不同Ce-Bi₂O₃样品进行了表征分析,并以光催化降解金橙Ⅱ溶液为探针反应,考察了Ce-Bi₂O₃的可见光催化性能。结果表明,Ce掺杂可以减小催化剂的禁带宽度,使光谱响应范围向可见光拓展。掺杂的Ce可取代Bi₂O₃晶格中部分Bi,形成Bi-O-Ce键,并生成了少量铈铋复合氧化物（Bi_7.38Ce_0.62O_12.31）,它们的存在有效地抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合,有助于提高Bi₂O₃的可见光催化活性。但焙烧时间过长将导致Ce-Bi₂O₃催化剂的表面发生烧结现象,致使其催化活性降低。可见光照射下的金橙Ⅱ光催化降解实验表明,经2 h焙烧后得到的Ce/Bi的量比为0.5 的Ce-Bi₂O₃催化剂具有最佳的光催化活性。     

Bi_2WO_6光催化剂的γ射线辐射效应（英文）

本文首次研究了高能辐射(γ射线)对Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体结构和光催化性能的影响.结果表明,尽管高能辐射不会改变Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体的形貌,但是Bi_2WO_6粉末的颜色在高吸收剂量辐照(507 kGy)后发生了明显的变化,并且辐照后Bi_2WO_6的XRD谱图也显示,随着吸收剂量的增加,(113)晶面对应的2θ从28.37°移到28.45°,说明晶格参数在γ射线辐照下还是发生了细微的变化.XPS表征结果证明,Bi_2WO_6晶体结构的变化源于高剂量辐射下氧空位缺陷的产生.Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体的禁带宽度(E_g)随吸收剂量的增加也出现减小的趋势.用水溶液中亚甲基蓝的可见光照分解反应作为模型反应考察了辐照后的Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体的光催化活性,结果表明,辐照后的Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体的光催化活性随着吸收剂量的增加而逐渐升高.将经过反应后的Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体再次回收,进行循环催化,发现这些辐照后的Bi_2WO_6纳米晶体在三次循环使用后光催化性能仍然能够保持,说明高能辐射产生的氧空位缺陷具有良好的稳定性.     

Bi2WO6纳米晶的制备、表征及光催化性能

以硝酸铋、钨酸钠等为原料,利用水热法在150℃下反应24h得到Bi2WO6纳米晶。X射线粉末衍射结果表明,所制备的Bi2WO6属于正交晶系,晶胞参数为a=5.457,b=16.435及c=5.438。XPS结果表明所制造的Bi2WO6纯度较高。研究了分别以水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙二醇为溶剂时所制备Bi2WO6样品在可见光激发下对罗丹明B的降解活性,结果表明,以乙二醇为溶剂时,Bi2WO6光催化活性最佳,主要是由于在乙二醇中制备的Bi2WO6分散性好,粒径小,对紫外-可见光具有较大波长范围的吸收所致。另外,研究了以水为溶剂时溶液pH及添加表面活性剂等对所制备Bi2WO6光催化活性的影响,结果表明,反应温度为140～150℃,pH在1.0附近及添加SDS后所制备Bi2WO6光催化活性较佳。荧光光谱分析发现,添加表面活性剂的样品发射荧光的强度较弱,表明载流子复合程度低,因而光催化效率高。     

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+y掺Na样品的超导机制

用熔融法制备了Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+y掺Ｎａ多晶样品，转变温度Ｔ_c提高到９０Ｋ以上，最大的零电阻温度达到９２．５Ｋ。在流动氧气退火后，未掺Ｎａ样品Ｔ_c显著降低，而掺Ｎａ样品Ｔ_c几乎不变，说明二者Ｔ_c提高具有不同的机制。据此我们认为Ｎａ替代了Ｂｉ而使Ｂｉｏ层电荷失去平衡，Ｃｕｏ面上电子转移到Ｂｉｏ层而形成空穴，空穴和电子的吸引相 关键词：     

Structure, ferroelectric and dielectric properties of Bi2WO6 with different bismuth content

This paper reports that the Bi 2 WO 6 ferroelectric ceramics with excess Bi 2 O 3 of 0.0, 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 wt.% of the stoichiometric composition are prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. Their microstructure, ferroelectric properties, the concentration and mobility of the defects have been analysed systematically. With increasing Bi content, the remnant polarization decreases, and the broken-down voltage increases. The optimum Bi excess, 3.5, lowers the oxygen vacancy concentration, while further Bi-addition brings about more defects. The activation energies fitted from cole-cole plots are 0.97 eV, 1.07 eV, 1.18 eV, and 1.33 eV, respectively. This suggests that the mobility of the defects is weakened by Bi-addition, which may be due to the increase of the ratio of the number of Bi 2 O 2 layers to that of the perovskite blocks.     

Flowerlike PtCl4/Bi2WO6 composite photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity

Flowerlike PtCl₄/Bi₂WO₆ composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized through a simple two-step method involving a template-free hydrothermal process and the following impregnation treatment. The samples were fully characterized by the study of X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The results indicated that the doping of Pt species did not affect the crystal structure and the morphology of Bi₂WO₆ photocatalyst, but it had great influences on the photocatalytic activity of Bi₂WO₆ towards rhodamine-B (RhB) degradation. Besides, the Pt species was found to be present as PtCl₄ in the composite samples, and also an optimal Pt species content on the surface of Bi₂WO₆ photocatalyst was discovered with the highest photocatalytic ability. The improved photocatalytic performance could be ascribed to the enhanced interfacial charge transfer and the inhibited recombination of electron-hole pairs. Meanwhile, a possible mechanism for RhB photocatalytic degradation over PtCl₄/Bi₂WO₆ catalyst was also proposed.     

网状钼酸铋的可见光催化活性

采用无助剂、无模板的水热法成功合成网状Bi₂MoO₆. pH值对这一形貌的形成起重要作用. 所制备的网状Bi₂MoO₆样品表现出优异的可见光催化活性,其光催化活性比固相法合成的块状Bi₂MoO₆样品高得多.     

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic study of bismuth borate Bi2ZnOB2O6

A temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic study on Bi2Zn OB2O6crystal was carried out to investigate the structure change of the crystal with the increase of temperature.Raman spectra of crystal Bi2Zn OB2O6were recorded in the spectral range 10–1600 cm-1at room temperature first.Compared with the vibrational spectra of the referred compounds,satisfactory assignment of most of the high-energy modes to vibrations of Bi–O,B–O,and Zn–O bonds was achieved.In particular,the Raman high-frequency peak located at 1344 cm-1was attributed to the B–O vibration in the BO3triangle.This temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic study was carried out up to 600°C.It was found that all the Raman lines exhibit decreases in frequency and the widths of the Raman peaks increase with increasing temperature.No phase transition was observed under 600°C.     

Bi2MoO6纳米片/TiO2纳米棒阵列复合材料的制备及其可见光响应光电催化性能研究

Novel Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ heterojunction was fabricated by growing Bi₂MoO₆ nanosheets arrays on the vertically aligned TiO₂ nanorods arrays via a two-step solvothermal method. The obtained Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ hierarchical heterojunction showed excellent visible light photoelectrochemical performance. Compared with the pure TiO₂ and Bi₂MoO₆, the photocurrent density of the heterojunction was increased 57 and 29 times, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrogen generation rate of the Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ for photoelectrocatalytic water-splitting was about 6 times higher than that of the pure Bi₂MoO₆. The improved performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of enhanced absorption of visible light, increase of migration rate and separation efficiency of photo-induced carriers.     

大规模合成具有氧空位的多孔Bi2O3用于有效降解亚甲基蓝

光催化降解有机污染物由于其具有低能耗和绿色环保的特点,已经成为研究的热点. 氧化铋纳米晶体的带隙在2.0∽2.8 eV之间,利用它催化可见光降解有机污染物具有较高的活性,从而引起了越来越多的关注. 尽管近年来已经开发了几种制备Bi₂O₃基半导体材料的方法,但是仍然难以用简单的方法大规模地制备高活性的Bi₂O₃催化剂. 因此,开发简单可行的大规模制备Bi₂O₃纳米晶体的方法对于工业废水处理的潜在应用具有重要意义. 本文通过蚀刻商用BiSn粉末,然后进行热处理,成功地大规模制备了多孔Bi₂O₃. 获得的多孔Bi₂O₃在亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解中表现出优异的活性和稳定性. 对该机理的进一步研究表明,多孔Bi₂O₃合适的能带结构允许生成活性氧物种,例如O₂^-·和·OH,可有效降解MB.     

The reversal of magnetization driven by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Bi2FeMnO6

Ab initio calculations show that the coupling between antiferrodistortive (AFD) distortions and magnetization in perovskite Bi₂FeMnO₆ is prohibited to make magnetization rotate as effective Hubbard parameter is larger than 2.7 eV, where anomalies in antiferromagnetic (AFM) vectors and band gap varying with on-site Coulomb interaction can be observed. This coupling is attributed to the antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction driven by the e_g-e_g states AFM interaction and charge redistribution with respect to different AFD distortions.