磁性固相萃取在食品安全检测中的应用进展

本文介绍了磁性固相萃取技术,综述了近5年来磁性固相萃取技术在食品中重金属、农药、兽药、合成色素及其他有机污染物残留检测中的应用进展,并展望了磁性固相萃取技术的发展方向(引用文献56篇)。     

磁性固相萃取在检测抗抑郁药中的应用进展

作为治疗抑郁、焦虑、强迫等精神障碍疾病的主要药物,抗抑郁药的消耗量逐年增大.针对涉及抗抑郁药滥用的各类案件,物证鉴定人员需对药物的种类及含量进行分析.为准确、灵敏地检测实际检材中的抗抑郁药,样品前处理过程必不可少.磁性固相萃取采用比表面积大、分散性能好、可重复使用的各类功能化磁性材料作为吸附剂,因操作简单快速、萃取效率...     

固相微萃取技术在滥用药物分析中的应用进展

固相微萃取技术(Solid phase microextraction,SPME)是将少量吸附材料通过物理或化学的方法固定于不锈钢丝或光纤等材质表面制备成萃取纤维,再将萃取纤维暴露于样品体系中,对待测物进行萃取、富集、进样和解析的一种适用于实验室和现场样品的新型前处理技术。由于SPME及其联用技术具有快速、简便、灵敏、绿色等优点,已经在滥用药物检验鉴定领域被成功应用,并成为此类药物定性定量分析的最佳方法之一。本文综述了近年来SPME技术在滥用药物分析中的研究进展。     

固相萃取

近１０多年来,固相萃取作为试样预处理技术得到迅速的发展。评述了该技术的特点、装置、方法的建立,应用和前景。文中强调固相萃取在环境分析、药物分析等方面有广泛的应用前景,并总结了近年来固相萃取在药物分析中的应用。     

离子液体基磁性固相萃取技术的研究进展

磁性固相萃取(Magnetic solid-phase extraction,MSPE)是一种采用磁性材料作为吸附剂的新型样品前处理技术,发展新型的磁性材料作为吸附剂是MSPE领域的研究热点。用离子液体(Ionic liquid,IL)修饰磁性材料作为吸附剂既具有MSPE操作简单、萃取快速、基质干扰小的优点,又兼具IL结构的可设计性和易功能化的优点,在样品前处理领域引起了广泛关注。该文综述了IL修饰磁性吸附剂的制备方法(物理涂敷、化学键合和包埋法),IL-MSPE的萃取方式(传统的MSPE,混合半胶束-MSPE和分散液液微萃取-MSPE),以及IL-MSPE在有机污染物、金属离子和生物活性物质萃取分离中的应用,并对该技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

磁性复合材料在固相萃取食品中环境类雌激素的应用进展EI北大核心CSCD

环境类雌激素作为食品中一类典型的污染物,严重影响人体内分泌系统的功能与代谢。磁性固相萃取因其简洁高效、富集倍数高、适用范围广等优点,已被广泛应用于食品中环境类雌激素的富集检测。Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米粒子作为经典的磁固相萃取材料,易于形成大分子团聚物,影响其选择吸附性能,限制了磁固相萃取技术在食品中环境类雌激素的痕量分析。新兴的磁性复合材料可有效地解决上述问题,已成为磁固相萃取技术的研究热点之一。本文综述了近5年来新兴的磁性聚合物复合材料、磁性碳基复合材料和磁性金属-有机骨架复合材料在食品中环境类雌激素富集检测的应用进展。     

磁性分散固相萃取气相色谱法测定地表水中硝基苯类

建立了一种磁性分散固相萃取气相色谱法快速测定地表水中硝基苯类化合物的分析方法,并优化了磁性萃取材料的用量、萃取的时间、解吸溶剂的选择、盐效应等试验影响因素.试验结果表明,硝基苯类化合物的检出限为0.000 4~0.007 mg/L,回收率为84.0%~97.6%,相对标准偏差为3.4%~5.3%.方法具有适用性广、溶剂用量少和操作简便等特点,能很好的测定地表水中的硝基苯类化合物.     

样品中分子印迹固相萃取技术的最新应用进展

现代样品体系一般复杂,采用一般的分析方法对其分离富集难度较大。分子印迹聚合物的高选择性使其在复杂体系样品的净化富集中具有很强的应用潜力,本文对分子印迹聚合物作为固相萃取剂及其在色谱样品前处理方面的应用进行了综述和展望,主要包括分子印迹中空纤维萃取、分子印迹固相萃取柱萃取、分子印迹整体柱萃取、分子印迹膜萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、磁性材料萃取等技术,同时总结了分子印迹固相萃取技术在食品分析、环境分析以及药物与生物分析等方面的应用进展。     

固相微量萃取的进展

固相微量萃取是一种新的样品预处理方法，在国内还未见得以应用。本文将综述固相微量萃取的原理、装置、应用和发展。     

新一代萃取分离技术──固相微萃取

介绍了一种新型样品制备法——固相做萃取（SPME）的原理及其应用。与其它样品制备技术相比,SPME法具有操作时间短、样品量小、无需萃取溶剂、适于分析挥发性与非挥发性物质、重视性好等优点。     

Determination of Local Anesthetic Drugs in Human Plasma Using Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

In this work, magnetic tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-modified carboxyl–carbon nanotubes were synthesized, characterized, and used as adsorbents to conduct magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) for the preconcentration of seven local anesthetic drugs (procaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, oxybuprocaine, bupivacaine, tetracaine, and cinchocaine) from human plasma. The separation and determination of analytes were performed on high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Several factors affected the extraction efficiency, such as the amount of adsorbents used, extraction time, sample pH, and optimization of elution conditions. Under optimal conditions, satisfactory linear relationships were obtained in the range of 0.02–5.00 mg/L, with the limits of detection (LOD) ranging from 0.003 mg/L to 0.008 mg/L. The recoveries of analytes for spiked human plasma were in the range of 82.0–108%. Moreover, the precision with intra-day and inter-day RSD values were obtained in the range of 1.5–7.7% and 1.5–8.3%. The results indicated that this method could determine the concentration of seven local anesthetic drugs in human plasma with high precision and repeatability and provide support for the clinical monitoring of the concentration of local anesthetic drugs in human plasma.     

敞开式电离质谱技术在法医毒物分析中的应用

敞开式电离质谱(Ambient ionization mass spectrometry,AIMS)是指在大气压环境下,无需或只需简单的样品前处理即可对样品中目标物进行分析的质谱技术.AIMS具有简单、快速、无损和适用范围广等优势,被广泛应用于法医毒物分析领域.该文对敞开式电离(Ambient ionization,A...     

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Based on Magnetic Sulfonated Reduced Graphene Oxide for HPLC–MS/MS Analysis of Illegal Basic Dyes in Foods

In this study, a magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) for the determination of illegal basic dyes in food samples was developed and validated. This method was based on Magnetic sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (M-S-RGO), which was sensitive and selective to analytes with structure of multiaromatic rings and negatively charged ions. Several factors affecting MSPE efficiency such as pH and adsorption time were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves exhibited good linearity, ranging from 5 to 60 µg/g with correlation coefficients >0.9950. The limits of detection of 16 basic dyes were in the range of 0.01–0.2 µg/L. The recoveries ranged from 70% to 110% with RSD% < 10%. The results indicate that M-S-RGO is an efficient and selective adsorbent for the extraction and cleanup of basic dyes. Due to the MSPE procedures, matrix effect and interference were eliminated in the analysis of HPLC–MS/MS without the matrix-matched standards. Thus, validation data showed that the proposed MSPE–HPLC–MS/MS method was rapid, efficient, selective, and sensitive for the determination of illegal basic dyes in foods.     

Determination of Tetracycline in Water and Honey by Iron(II,III)/Aptamer-Based Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis

A novel aptamer-based adsorbent was prepared for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of tetracycline. The Fe₃O₄/aptamer adsorbent was fabricated by immobilizing an aptamer on the surface of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles by the reaction between avidin and biotin. The parameters affecting the isolation efficiency such as the pH, extraction time, extraction temperature, eluent, and elution time were investigated in detail. Under the optimal conditions, a linear relationship between the peak area and the concentration of tetracycline was observed in the range from 10.0 to 3000.0?µg L^?1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9985 and a limit of detection of 2.5?µg L^?1. The developed method was successfully employed for the determination of tetracycline in honey and water samples with recovery values from 82.9 to 107.3% and relative standard deviations less than 7.6%. Compared with previously reported methods for the determination of tetracycline, the proposed protocol provides improvements in the limit of detection and specificity with reduced consumption of adsorbent and organic solvents.     

立得益片的药理毒理作用

介绍了一种以葡萄糖为药动团 ,半胱氨酸为药效团的新型铅驱排剂的特点、药理、毒理以及在动物 (大、小鼠 )、人体上的驱排铅作用。立得益片对实验动物毒理试验 (急性毒性试验、三项遗传试验和小鼠精子畸形试验 )按GB 1 5 1 93 -94进行 ;饲料添加乙酸铅水溶液造铅中毒大鼠模型 ,随机将铅中毒大鼠分为六组 ,分别为空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组以及立得益片的低、中、高剂量组。人体试验受试对象分为试验组及对照组 ,测定试验前后血铅、尿铅及δ -ALA水平以及点彩红细胞出现率。结果表明 ,立得益片对SD大鼠和昆明种小鼠的急性毒性试验LD50 均大于 1 0g/kg·bw ,属实际无毒级 ;三项遗传毒性试验均为阴性结果 ;对高铅摄入大鼠有较好的促进排铅作用 ;高铅摄入人群服用立得益片 1月后血铅含量与服药前及空白对照组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;服立得益片后尿铅含量与服药前相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。     

Facile Preparation of Magnetic Graphene Oxide and its Application in Magnetic Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction of Insecticides from Vegetable Samples

Journal of Analytical Chemistry - In this work, magnetic graphene oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a mechanochemical approach and used as an effective sorbent in magnetic...     

Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Lawsone Using Polyphenol-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis,Characterization and examination

Chromatographia - A novel polyphenol-coated CoFe2O4 system with sorption capacity of lawsone was synthesized as a magnetic sorbent by chemical oxidative polymerization process for magnetic...     

镉毒性毒理学研究进展

镉是目前最常见的一种重金属环境污染物,并且危害性极大。综述了镉毒性毒理学研究进展,包括：镉对生殖、骨骼、肾脏、神经等系统或组织的毒性和致毒机理研究。     

Large Volume Headspace Analysis Using Solid-Phase Microcolumn Extraction

A rapid and simple large volume headspace (HS) sampling technique termed headspace solid-phase microcolumn extraction (HS-SPMCE) is described. HS gas above a liquid or solid sample is aspirated by attaching a gas-tight syringe onto a glass thermal desorption tube filled with Tenax sorbent. The trapped analytes are recovered by thermal desorption for gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the xylene isomers (BTEX) are used as model compounds to demonstrate the application of the extraction procedure for water samples. The results of the tests of the effect of agitation time and aspiration rate on recovery of the analytes show a good robustness of the method. BTEX are determined in the linear range from 0.5 to 50.0 μg L^?1 with limits of detection (3 σ) ranging within 0.09–0.14 μg L^?1 (MS was in scan mode). The method provides a good repeatability (RSD < 9%) and only a negligible carryover effect was observed ( ≤0.05%) when analysing BTEX at concentration 50.0 μg L^?1.