Gaussian DCT Coefficient Models

It has been known that the distribution of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of most natural images follow a Laplace distribution. However, recent work has shown that the Laplace distribution may not be a good fit for certain type of images and that the Gaussian distribution will be a realistic model in such cases. Assuming this alternative model, we derive a comprehensive collection of formulas for the distribution of the actual DCT coefficient. The corresponding estimation procedures are derived by the method of moments and the method of maximum likelihood. Finally, the superior performance of the derived distributions over the Gaussian model is illustrated. It is expected that this work could serve as a useful reference and lead to improved modeling with respect to image analysis and image coding.     

非对称Marshall-Olkin Laplace分布及其在自回归模型中的应用

引入了一种新的概率分布类—–非对称Marshall-Olkin Laplace分布(AMOL),讨论了这一分布类的性质,得到了其几乎所有的数字特征.最后讨论了非对称Marshall-Olkin Laplace分布在自回归分析中的应用,得到了以AMOL为边际分布的自回归模型的一个充分必要条件.     

The exponentiated generalized inverse Gaussian distribution

The modeling and analysis of lifetime data is an important aspect of statistical work in a wide variety of scientific and technological fields. Good (1953) introduced a probability distribution which is commonly used in the analysis of lifetime data. For the first time, based on this distribution, we propose the so-called exponentiated generalized inverse Gaussian distribution, which extends the exponentiated standard gamma distribution (Nadarajah and Kotz, 2006). Various structural properties of the new distribution are derived, including expansions for its moments, moment generating function, moments of the order statistics, and so forth. We discuss maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters. The usefulness of the new model is illustrated by means of a real data set.     

On the discounted penalty function in the renewal risk model with general interclaim times

The defective renewal equation satisfied by the Gerber-Shiu discounted penalty function in the renewal risk model with arbitrary interclaim times is analyzed. The ladder height distribution is shown to be a mixture of residual lifetime claim severity distributions, which results in an invariance property satisfied by a large class of claim amount models. The class of exponential claim size distributions is considered, and the Laplace transform of the (discounted) defective density of the surplus immediately prior to ruin is obtained. The mixed Erlang claim size class is also examined. The simplified defective renewal equation which results when the penalty function only involves the deficit is used to obtain moments of the discounted deficit.     

Moment-recovered approximations of multivariate distributions: The Laplace transform inversion

The moment-recovered approximations of multivariate distributions are suggested. This method is natural in certain incomplete models where moments of the underlying distribution can be estimated from a sample of observed distribution. This approach is applicable in situations where other methods cannot be used, e.g. in situations where only moments of the target distribution are available. Some properties of the proposed constructions are derived. In particular, procedures of recovering two types of convolutions, the copula and copula density functions, as well as the conditional density function, are suggested. Finally, the approximation of the inverse Laplace transform is obtained. The performance of moment-recovered construction is illustrated via graphs of a simple density function.     

LAPLACE TRANSFORM OF THE SURVIVAL PROBABILITY UNDER SPARRE ANDERSEN MODEL

In this paper a class of risk processes in which claims occur as a renewal process is studied. A clear expression for Laplace transform of the survival probability is well given when the claim amount distribution is Erlang distribution or mixed Erlang distribution. The expressions for moments of the time to ruin with the model above are given.     

Integral-Type Functionals Downward of Single Death Processes

In this paper we consider the integral-typefunctional downward of single death processes in the finite state space, including the Laplace transformation of its distribution and its polynomial moments as well as the distribution of staying times. As applications, a new proof for the recursive and explicit representation of high order moments of the first hitting times in the denumerable state space is presented; meanwhile, the estimates on the lower bound and the upper one of convergence rate in strong ergodicity are obtained.     

On a Special Generalized Mixture Class of Probabilistic Models

In this paper, we develop a new mathematical strategy to create flexible lifetime distributions. This strategy is based on a special general-ized mixture derived to the one involved in the so-called weighted exponential distribution. Thus, we introduce a new class of lifetime distributions called "special generalized mixture" class and discussed its qualities. In particular, a short list of new lifetime distributions is presented in details, with a focus on the one based on the Lomax distribution. Different mathematical proper-ties are described, including distributional results, diverse moments measures, incomplete moments, characteristic function and bivariate extensions. Then, the applicability of the new class is investigated through the model parameters based on the Lomax distribution and the analysis of a practical data set.     

Statistical analysis of progressive stress accelerated life test for the product of two-parameter Laplace BS fatigue life distribution under inverse power law model

Based on the product of two-parameter Laplace Birnbaum-Saunders fatigue life distribution, its failure distribution mode is theoretically derived under the progressive stress accelerated life test with inverse power law model, and then three-parameter generalized Laplace Birnbaum-Saunders fatigue life distribution is introduced. The basic properties of three-parameter generalized Laplace Birnbaum-Saunders fatigue life distribution are analyzed, and the image characteristics of its density function, failure rate function and average failure rate function are investigated. Meanwhile, the point estimate method is given for three parameters, and then the point estimates of parameters are obtained for the product of two-parameter Laplace Birnbaum-Saunders fatigue life distribution under the progressive stress accelerated life test with inverse power law model. In addition, the practical example and simulation examples are illustrated to show the feasibility of the proposed method.     

On the M/G/2 queeing model

The M/G/2 queueing model with service time distribution a mixture of m negative exponential distributions is analysed. The starting point is the functional relation for the Laplace–Stieltjes transform of the stationary joint distribution of the workloads of the two servers. By means of Wiener–Hopf decompositions the solution is constructed and reduced to the solution of m linear equations of which the coefficients depend on the zeros of a polynome. Once this set of equations has been solved the moments of the waiting time distribution can be easily obtained. The Laplace–Stieltjes transform of the stationary waiting time distribution has been derived, it is an intricate expression.     

An asymptotic formula for the moments of the Minkowski question mark function in the interval [0, 1]

In this paper, we prove an asymptotic formula for the moments of the Minkowski question mark function, which describes the distribution of rationals in the Farey tree. The main idea is to demonstrate that a certain variation of a Laplace method is applicable in this problem, and hence the task reduces to a number of technical calculations. Dedicated to Antanas Laurinčikas on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

A Skew Laplace Distribution on Integers

We propose a discrete version of the skew Laplace distribution. In contrast with the discrete normal distribution, here closed form expressions are available for the probability density function, the distribution function, the characteristic function, the mean, and the variance. We show that this distribution on integers shares many properties of the skew Laplace distribution on the real line, including unimodality, infinite divisibility, closure properties with respect to geometric compounding, and a maximum entropy property. We also discuss statistical issues of estimation under this model.     

Asymptotics of the distribution of the integral of the positive part of the Brownian bridge for large arguments

The double Laplace transform of the distribution function of the integral of the positive part of the Brownian bridge was determined by M. Perman and J.A. Wellner, as well as the moments of this distribution. The purpose of the present paper is to determine the asymptotics of this distribution for large values of the argument, and the corresponding asymptotics of the moments.     

股票期权VaR的一种计算方法

本文提出一种运用Laplace分布来计算股票期权VaR的新方法.首先对股票价格的运动规律进行理论和实证分析,表明利用Laplace分布来来拟合股票的对数收益率是合理的,然后在此基础上推导了股票期权VaR的计算公式,最后给出了算例.     

股票投资组合的实证研究

股票的收益率的实际分布有尖峰厚尾有偏的特性,而传统的正态分布不能很好地拟合这一特性。对股票进行组合投资是现代投资的趋势。本文基于非对称Laplace分布来研究股票投资组合。实证分析表明,非对称Laplace分布比正态分布,对称Laplace分布能更好地拟合组合资产的收益分布率。     

Laplace transforms for residual waiting times*

Laplace transform expressions are derived for the distribution functions and moments of residual waiting times in renewal theory. These expressions are inverted numerically, and the results are contrasted with appropriate asymptotic expressions.     

On discrete distributions of orderk

Summary This paper gives some results on calculation of probabilities and moments of the discrete distributions of orderk. Further, a new distribution of orderk, which is called the logarithmic series distribution of orderk, is investigated. Finally, we discuss the meaning of theorder of the distributions. The Institute of Statistical Mathematics     

深沪股市收益率分布特征的统计分析

本文通过对深沪两地股票市场的股指收益率数据进行分析,发现两地股票收益率分布均呈现"尖峰厚尾"反正态特征,本文通过引入Laplace分布代替过去人们常用的正态分布去刻画收益率分布,结果显示Laplace分布比正态分布拟合效率有了明显的提高。     

Inference for a truncated positive normal distribution

The main object of this paper is to study an extension of the half normal distribution defined by adding a positive truncation to it. The new model is more flexible than the half-normal distribution and contains the half normal distribution as a special case. Properties of this distribution, such as moments, hazard function and entropy are studied and parameters estimation is dealt with by using moments and maximum likelihood. A real data application indicates good fit performance of the new model when compared to other competitors in literatures.