过渡金属催化的双齿导向基辅助的惰性C(sp~3)—H键芳基化

近年来,过渡金属催化的惰性碳氢键官能团化受到广泛关注,然而,C(sp3)—H键由于低极性、高解离能和低选择性,其选择性活化尤为困难.综述了过渡金属催化的双齿导向基辅助的C(sp3)—H键芳基化的最新研究进展,主要探讨了不同过渡金属催化下芳基化反应的底物范围、反应机理和合成应用.     

钴催化双齿导向基辅助的1-萘胺衍生物与醇的区域选择性碳氢键烷氧基化反应

研究了吡啶酰胺双齿导向的钴催化1-萘胺衍生物的区域选择性碳氢键烷氧基化反应.研究发现不仅一元醇可以作为烷氧化剂在标准条件下较好地实现1-萘胺C(8)位的烷氧化反应,而且具有多重用途的脂肪二元醇以及低聚乙二醇,也可以以中等的收率得到相应的目标化合物,这可能是钴催化碳氢键活化构筑碳氧键的首次发现.此外,利用这个实验方法,以氘代甲醇为烷氧化试剂实现了同位素标记的8-烷氧基取代的1-萘胺衍生物的合成.通过控制实验,发现该反应中吡啶酰基是最佳的双导向基团,而且反应过程可能经历了单电子转移机理.     

基于C—H键官能团化的药物合成

过渡金属催化的C—H键官能团化是有机化学的重要研究内容,并被作为工具广泛应用于药物合成领域。本文阐述了C—H键官能团化的经典反应类型,着重综述了C—H键的芳基化、烯基化、烷基化、卤化、羟基化、胺化和C—H插入反应在药物合成中的应用,详细描述了具体药物的合成实例,并对重要的反应机理进行了分析,最后展望了C—H键官能团化在药物合成中的发展前景。     

通过对映选择性质子化实现吲哚的不对称C—H官能团化反应研究

研究了醋酸铑[Rh2(OAc)4]与手性磷酸共催化的芳基重氮乙酸酯对吲哚化合物的不对称C—H官能团化反应,通过对吲哚C—H官能团化反应质子转移机制的研究,提出了通过不对称质子化实现金属卡宾与吲哚的C—H不对称官能团化反应的新策略.通过吲哚C—H官能团化反应氘代实验证明,在金属卡宾对N-烷基吲哚的碳氢官能团化中,质子迁移是一个分子间的反应,需要借助一个"质子梭"试剂完成,因此通过应用"手性质子梭"催化的不对称质子化有望实现反应的对映选择控制.通过选用手性磷酸作为"手性质子梭"实现了吲哚C—H官能团化反应的不对称催化,重氮化合物在醋酸铑的催化下形成金属卡宾,金属卡宾与吲哚反应生成潜手性的离子对中间体,在催化剂量的手性磷酸存在下,质子迁移通过双功能的手性磷酸完成,通过手性磷酸对潜手性的离子对中间体的不对称质子化实现了反应的对映选择性控制.反应给出了优秀的产率(最高可达99%),良好到优秀的对映选择性(最高可达94%ee),且此反应对其他N-芳基和N-硅基吲哚也有良好的反应兼容性.     

钴催化双齿导向基辅助的1-萘胺衍生物与醇的区域选择性碳氢键烷氧基化反应（英文）

研究了吡啶酰胺双齿导向的钴催化1-萘胺衍生物的区域选择性碳氢键烷氧基化反应.研究发现不仅一元醇可以作为烷氧化剂在标准条件下较好地实现1-萘胺C(8)位的烷氧化反应,而且具有多重用途的脂肪二元醇以及低聚乙二醇,也可以以中等的收率得到相应的目标化合物,这可能是钴催化碳氢键活化构筑碳氧键的首次发现.此外,利用这个实验方法,以氘代甲醇为烷氧化试剂实现了同位素标记的8-烷氧基取代的1-萘胺衍生物的合成.通过控制实验,发现该反应中吡啶酰基是最佳的双导向基团,而且反应过程可能经历了单电子转移机理.     

8-氨基喹啉-5-位偶氮衍生物的合成及其与钯的显色反应比较研究

以8-氨基喹啉为母体合成了19个5-位偶氮衍生物,其中14个是新化合物。系统研究它们与钯的显色反应,发现了试剂取代结构对试剂及其络合物光度特性的影响规律。初步研究了MOPAQ及AAPAQ光度测钯的新体系,并与PAQ比较,诸条件得到改善。     

钯催化下肟醚导向的sp~2 C—H键邻位酰氧化反应(英文)

使用醋酸钯作为催化剂,过硫酸钠和氧化银为氧化剂,使肟醚导向的底物与苯甲酰甲酸发生sp2C—H键的邻位酰氧化反应,从而得到芳香酮类化合物.该方法对带吸电子基和给电子基的反应物都有很好的适应性,最高产率可达98%.     

易修饰诱导基作用下的钯催化C—H键官能团化反应

基于Pd催化的C—H键官能团化反应是目前有机合成方法学的一个研究热点,诱导基对反应的区域选择性起着重要作用.综述了近年来关于易合成、易修饰的诱导基作用下的C—H键功能化反应的研究进展及其应用,介绍了各诱导基的作用、优势及其局限性,提出了今后的研究重点与发展趋势.     

氧化型导向基诱导的C—H键官能团化

过渡金属催化的C—H键官能团化是直接构建C—C或C—X键的一个高效的方法,但这类反应大多需要外加当量或过量的氧化剂来完成催化循环.使用氧化型导向基,也就是在导向基中引入某些特殊的基团充当内氧化剂,可以避免外加氧化剂,简化反应体系,提高反应效率.近年氧化型导向基结构日趋丰富,参与的反应类型也呈现出多样化.利用氧化型导向基策略可以在无外加氧化剂条件下合成各种杂环或官能团化产物.     

新型多取代嘧啶-5-氨基酰胺及芳基(硫)脲衍生物的合成和抗烟草花叶病毒活性

嘧啶类化合物具有广泛的生物活性,嘧啶环易于修饰和衍生的结构特点,使之成为农药创制研究中重要的活性结构。结合前期的研究工作,本文由2-N,N-二乙胺基-4-氯-5-硝基嘧啶 (1) 为起始原料,通过取代、催化还原和酰化等反应,设计合成了13个结构中含有氧醚和烷胺侧链的多取代嘧啶-5-氨基酰胺及芳基（硫）脲衍生物 (4) ,目标化合物的结构均通过1H NMR、MS和元素分析确证. 对目标物的生物活性测试表明,所有化合物均显示出良好的抗烟草花叶病毒活性,其中化合物 4l的活性高于相同浓度下阳性对照药剂病毒唑.     

Catechol-O-methyltransferase-Inhibiting Pyrocatechol Derivatives: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Studies

3-Nitro- and 3-cyanopyrocatechols bearing electron-withdrawing substituents at C(5) have been found to inhibit the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase. Structure-activity studies are discussed on the basis of the pharmocological data of 50 compounds (cf, Chapt. 4, Tables 1–7). Some 3-nitro-5-aroylpyrocatechols (Type A², Table 1) fulfil the requirements for a clinical candidate, being orally active, specific, reversible, and relatively short-acting. The chemical work involved is illustrated by describing a choice of exemplary syntheses, dealing with compounds 9, 11, 14, 18, 22, 24, 25, 35, 41 , and 42 (Chapt. 5, Schemes 1–10).     

A Facile Synthesis of Biscyclopropane Derivatives

Abstract: Bis(dibutyltelluronium)p-xylylene dibromide reacts easily with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to give biscyclopropane derivatives in high yield.

     

A Facile Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Derivatives

The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have attracted considerable attention for their interesting biological activities. [1] Many of these tyrosine derived alkaloids[2] incorporate a hexahydroindole moiety in the structural skeletons. New approaches towards the synthesis of hexahydroindole core have been a topical interest for the synthetic community.Herein we report an experimentally very simple method for the synthesis of hexahydroindole by aminocylization. Four kinds of N-substituted have been demonstrate to be effective to this cyclization. The results were summarized in Figure 1.     

A Facile and Practical Procedure for the Synthesis of 8-Hydroxy-4-oxochroman Derivatives

Abstract: Novel 8-hydroxy-4-oxochroman derivatives were prepared from appropriate 4-chromanones via the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation followed by an intramolecular Fries rearrangement.     

A Facile Synthesis of Indole-based Conjugated Derivatives

A novel synthetic method was developed for the preparation of indole-based conjugated derivatives with satisfied yields. By applying this strategy, a series of new compounds were prepared conveniently. All the obtained new indole derivatives were characterized by spectroscopic analyses, giving satisfactory data corresponding to their expected molecular structures.     

Facile Synthesis of Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives Using Inorganic Base Catalysis

Potassium carbonate as inorganic base catalyst was used to develop an efficient synthetic procedure for the preparation of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives. The molecular structure of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by NMR spectral data.     

A Facile Synthesis of N-Protected 1-Aminoalkylphosphonamidate Derivatives

N-protected 1-amino-alkylphosphonamidates were synthesized using one-pot reactions of benzyl carbamate, aldehydes and alkoxyphosphine dichlorides and then with amines in the presence of triethylamine.     

A Facile Synthesis of Novel Benzofuranyl Benzimidazole Derivatives

In this article, we report a facile route for the synthesis of novel benzofuranyl benzimidazole derivatives. The methodology involves the Sonagashira reaction of 2‐(3‐iodo‐4‐methoxyphenyl)‐1H‐benzimidazole ( 3 ) with variety of terminal alkynes to have novel benzimidazole alkynyl derivatives followed by iodo‐cyclisation to give novel iodo benzofuranyl benzimidazole derivatives. The resulting iodo benzofuranyl benzimidazoles were functionalized further via palladium mediated carbon–carbon bond formation for molecular diversity generating novel heterocyclic compounds.     

A Facile and Practical Synthesis of Capsazepine,a Vanilloid Receptor Antagonist

A facile and practical synthesis of capsazepine, a vanilloid receptor antagonist, has been accomplished from isovanillin in 8 steps via an efficient intramolecular Mannich cyclization.     

Facile Synthesis of Novel Pentofuranose Analogs of Phospha Sugar Derivatives

Novel pentofuranose analogs of phospha sugar derivatives were synthesized starting from 1-phenyl-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 1 ). First, the allylic oxidation of 1-phenyl-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 1 ) with CrO 3 in Ac 2 O-AcOH or 3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-phospholene ( 2 ) with MnO 2 afforded 1-phenyl-4-oxo-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 3 ). The C-5 alkylation of 3 in the presence of NaH by using benzyl bromide or methyl iodide as electrophiles afforded the target title compounds.