利用Schlieren效应考察流动注射分析

本文利用ＦＩＡ系统中四氯化碳、葡萄糖、氯化钠和盐酸溶液的Ｓｃｈｌｉｅｒｅｎ效应响应曲线，考察了扩散作用对溶液分散行为即对响应曲线形状、样品运行的时间、保留时间及基线－基线峰宽的影响。通过分析表明，实验结果与理论是王牟。     

流动注射分光光度系统中基体的折射率梯度响应与其浓度之间的关系

本文系统研究了氯化钠溶液作为样品基体时在流动注射分光光度系统中的折射率梯度响应现象，揭示了基体分别在低浓度和高浓度时，其折射率梯度响应曲线随浓度的变化规律，初步探讨了响应机理。本文得出的结论有助于全面了解当样品中的基体在不同浓度时，基体的折射率梯度响应对样品分光光度测定的干扰情况。     

流动注射分光光度系统中基本的折射率梯度响应与其浓度之间的关系

本文系统研究了氯化钠溶液作为样品基体时在流动注射分光光度系统中的折射率梯度的现象，揭示了基体分别在低浓度和高浓度时，其折射率梯度响应曲线随浓度的变化规律，初步探讨了响应机理。本文得出的结论有助于全面了解当样品中的不 深度，基体的５折射率梯度响应对焊品情况。     

基于表面等离子体激元共振的葡萄糖光化学传感器的研究

采用自行设计组装的表面等离子体激元共振光化学传感器实验装置，在不加其它化学试剂的条件下，研究了传感器对葡萄糖溶液的响应特性。实验结果表明，此传感器测定葡萄糖溶液的稳定性，可逆性良好，响应迅速，使用寿命长。     

液栅型石墨烯场效应管的缓冲液浓度和pH响应特性

本文使用化学气相沉积（Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD）石墨烯制作了高灵敏度、低噪声的液栅型石墨烯场效应管（Solution-Gated Graphene Field Effect Transistors,SGFETs）,并测试了该器件对磷酸盐缓冲液（Phosphate Buffered Saline,PBS）浓度和pH的响应特性. 随缓冲液浓度的增大,SGFETs转移特性曲线的最小电导点向左偏移,偏移量与溶液浓度的自然对数呈线性关系. 随pH的增大,其最小电导点向右偏移,偏移量与溶液pH呈线性关系. 该响应特性对石墨烯生化传感器排除外界影响因素有一定的指导作用.     

高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测器测定工业醋酸中痕量碘离子的方法

用一次性银电极高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测器(HPAEC-PAD)研究了36%HAc中痕量碘离子的测定方法。用5 mL分析纯HAc(36%,不含碘离子)配制碘离子的标准工作溶液,然后加入一定体积的质量分数为25%NaOH溶液中和HAc,待溶液冷却至室温后用Milli-Q水定容至10 mL,最后用高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测器分离测定,得到碘离子的标准工作曲线。工业醋酸样品经同样处理步骤。方法的检出限为0.06μg/L(3倍基线噪音),定量限为0.2μg/L(10倍基线噪音)。10μg/L碘离子的加标回收率为105%,5次连续测定的相对标准偏差为3.4%。     

计算机动态模拟探求各种实验因素对DTA曲线形状的影响

用计算机动态模拟得到了一系列的ＤＴＡ曲线，可真实地反映实际的ＤＴＡ结果。从模拟结果可清楚看出各种实验因素对实验曲线的影响。证实了相变曲线上刚开始偏离基线的那点所对应的样品外层温度为样品的相变温度。     

铂电极上溶液酸碱性的电位溶出法响应

提出了一个广谱测定强酸、强碱溶液浓度的方法。用铂电极作工作电极，电位溶出法对溶液酸碱性产生响应。通过调节沉积时间和沉积电位，利用电位溶出法可以检测溶液酸、大致 的浓度范围为2．5mol/L H^ -1.0mol/L OH^-。详细研究了不同测定范围的实验条件，以及溶出过程的响应机理。在不同酸碱性溶液中电沉积产生的氢吸附于电极表面，溶出过程中被溶液中的氧氧化成氢离子，从而产生电位平台。该平台的出现还与随后的电极表面金属／金属氧化物电对电位值有关。     

分子筛修饰电极上离子交换过程的电化学考察

用循环伏安法研究了以１３Ｘ型分子筛修饰的玻碳电极在含Ｆｅ＾２＋溶液中的电化学行为，考察了电极浸入溶液时间，电位扫描速度、溶液的温度对Ｆｅ＾２＋／Ｆｅ＾３＋电对的电响应的影响。     

树脂吸附法分离银杏酚酸的研究

采用树脂吸附法分离银杏酚酸，通过对5种不同类型的树脂的筛选，发现D290树脂对银杏酚酸类有较大的吸附量。对D290树脂对银杏酚酸的吸附性能进行了研究，得到了吸附等温线、动力学曲线、穿透曲线，同时对不同浓度的乙酸石油醚溶液对解吸率的影响进行了研究，发现1％的乙酸石油醚溶液洗脱较好，解吸率为95％。     

Separation of benzo[a]pyrene and <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-tetradecane mixtures using pervaporation technique and optimization

Benzo[a]pyrene is a carcinogen often present in diesel. For pervaporative removal of benzo[a]pyrene from n-tetradecane, representing a model diesel composition, both conventional as well as statistically designed experimental methods have been carried out. The effect of membrane composition, thickness, the effect of membrane pretreatment time and operating temperature on pervaporative separation have been investigated by response surface methodology, RSM for efficient permeation of target compound. The suitable membrane has been further used to study the effect of different physico-chemical parameters on permeation conventionally. RSM has also been applied to optimize the operational conditions of pervaporation process to maximize the response, i.e., the pervaporation separation index. With the design of experiments, the quadratic response surface models have been developed to link the response with input variables via mathematical relationships. The maximum value of Pervaporation Separation Index obtained is 1.9654 kg m^?2 h^?1. The optimized process condition’s run time is 10.79 h, the feed PAH concentration is 166.34 ppm with a permeate side pressure of 0.73 mmHg and an operating temperature of 451.25 K.     

Transient response of an electrorheological fluid under square-wave electric field excitation

The transient process of an electrorheological (ER) fluid based on zeolite and silicone oil sheared between two parallel plates to which a square-wave electric field is applied has been experimentally studied. The transient shear stress response to the strain or time is tested. The characteristic constants of time under different applied electric fields and shear rates have been determined. The response time is found to be proportional to shear rate with an exponent of about -0.75 in the tested shear rate range, which agrees with the theoretical predictions made by others. But it only shows a small dependence on the strength of the applied electric field. The results show that the transient process of ER fluids is related to the structure formation in the shearing. When the required shear strain is reached, the shear stress rises to a stable value under constant electric field. Although the electric field strength greatly affects the yield strength, it shows little effect on the stress response time. Also, experiments showed the electric field-induced shear stress decreased with an increase of shear rate.     

响应曲面法用于高效液相色谱优化分离磺胺的研究

通过响应曲面法对高效液相色谱分离磺胺的优化过程进行了研究,分别考察了分离的3个主要因素(柱温、流动相配比、流速)对最小分离度与分离时间的影响,建立了3个因素与最小分离度和最大保留时间的目标函数,从响应曲面图可优化预测因素水平范围内的最佳分离条件.在选定优化条件下:柱温为20℃,乙腈的体积分数19%,流速1.5 mL/min,8种磺胺组分可在8 min内达到基线分离.     

Study of the effects of operational parameters on multiresidue pesticide analysis by LC-MS/MS

In this paper, the influence of several operational parameters on a well established multiresidue LC-MS/MS method has been studied in relation to the analysis of 150 pesticides commonly present in vegetable samples. The operational parameters investigated are: (i) the influence of different modifiers (0.1% formic acid; 5 mM ammonium formiate; 5 mM ammonium acetate in aqueous phase) - both on the retention time and on the analytical response of the studied compounds; (ii) the effect of the analytical column's temperature on the retention time and on the analytical response of the pesticides investigated; (iii) the effects of co-elution in mixture containing 150 pesticides and, additionally, (iv) the carrying out of a study about the common transitions obtained by LC-MS/MS. Various common transitions were found among the 150 pesticides, but there were only two problematic cases, the pairs diuron-fluometuron and prometryn-terbutryn, which have common scanned transitions and have very close retention times. The use of ammonium salts as modifier instead of formic acid reports enhancement or suppression of the response depending on the pesticides. No great influence on the retention time or on the response of the pesticides and commodities studied was observed with relation to the column temperature. Two different columns: an HPLC (5 μm particle size) and an UHPLC analytical column (1.8 μm particle size) have been used. As was expected, shorter run times and lower peak width was achieved with the UHPLC column.In this paper, the effect of the compounds on each other in the MS analysis when the number of co-eluting compounds is quite high is also described. Mainly small suppression or enhancement co-elution effect was observed, but some particular pesticides presented high sensitivity (>±60% effect) when they elute together with others. This is an important factor and it has to be taken into account when performing multiresidue pesticide analysis.     

基于超顺磁性Fe3O4的磁响应型纳米药物载体的研究进展

基于超顺磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子（SPIONs）磁响应型纳米药物载体已经广泛应用于肿瘤诊断与治疗方面。将SPIONs用多功能性外壳修饰后,能够使其稳定性增加,实现体内长循环,并能缓释出所携带药物;再将其靶向性配体分子复合后,能够提高其肿瘤多靶向的效果;通过将SPIONs用温敏性或光敏性等外壳材料包覆,利用SPIONs的磁致发热、光致发热以及外壳材料自身的特点,能够直接杀死肿瘤细胞或者将温敏性外壳剥落,平稳地释放出药物,提高肿瘤部位的药物浓度,增强治疗效果。因此,本文综述了基于SPIO的磁响应型纳米药物载体在肿瘤治疗领域的新研究与新进展,并进行研究展望,以期为今后相关方面的深入研究提供参考和借鉴。     

Polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulphonate film based disposable nucleic acid biosensor

Double stranded calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid entrapped polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulphonate (dsCT-DNA-PPy-PVS) films fabricated onto indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass plates have been used to detect organophosphates such as chlorpyrifos and malathion. These disposable dsCT-DNA-PPy-PVS/ITO bioelectrodes have been characterized using cyclic voltammetry, Fourier-transform-infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. These biosensing electrodes have a response time of 30 s, are stable for about 5 months when stored in desiccated conditions at 25 °C and can be used to amperometrically detect chlorpyrifos (0.0016-0.025 ppm) and malathion (0.17-5.0), respectively. The additive effect of these pesticides on the amperometric response of the disposable dsCT-DNA-PPy-PVS/ITO bioelectrodes has also been investigated.     

Fluoro-substitution in hydrogen bonding liquid crystal benzoic acid: dielectric,electro-optic and optical proprieties and inducing polar nematic phase

ABSTRACT

Dielectric and electro-optic properties have been studied in order to understand the effect of the fluoro-substitution on hydrogen bonded liquid crystal proprieties. The fluoro-substitution alters the characteristics of pure LC structure and changes its physical parameters. In the present paper, variation in physical parameters like dielectric permittivity, response time, elastic constant, rotational viscosity etc. has been explained based on many factors. In addition, the fluorine substitution has lead to the appearance of the polar nematic phase.     

Development of a long-term stable organic membrane-based thin-film microsensor using new-type substrate surface treatment

A novel long lifetime organic membrane-based thin-film Cu(II) microsensor has been elaborated. The advantages of the suggested microsensor include: excellent stability, long lifetime, and reasonable good selectivity. The significant improvements of the lifetime (>4 months) of the organic membrane-based thin-film microsensors have been realized for the first time using new-type electrodeposition treatment of the solid-state substrate surface in combination with a new nebulization method for applying the organic membrane coating mixture on the thin-film gold substrate. The electrochemical behavior of the thin-film microsensor in terms of ionic sensitivity, limit of detection, the effect of the pH, dynamic response time, Nernstian response interval, selectivity coefficients and lifetime has been evaluated. The results are compared to those obtained with the conventional ion-selective and coated graphite rod macroelectrodes prepared with the same ionophore. The reliability of the suggested thin-film microsensor with the low cost of its microfabrication makes it promising for the miniaturized application.     

A Solid Potassium Ion Selective Electrode

Abstract

A solid membrane potassium selective electrode has been developed. The following parameters of the potassium ion electrode were investigated; Nernstian response to potassium ion activity, response time to step changes in potassium ion activity, the effect of pH on potassium response, and the electrode response to other cations.     

Preparation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanofibers modified pencil graphite electrode and investigation of over-oxidation conditions for the selective and sensitive determination of uric acid in body fluids

In this study, we have performed the preparation of over-oxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanofibers modified pencil graphite electrode (Ox-PEDOT-nf/PGE) to develop a selective and sensitive voltammetric uric acid (UA) sensor. It was noted that the over-oxidation potential and time had a prominent effect on the UA response of the Ox-PEDOT-nf/PGE. Characterizations of PEDOT-nf/PGE and Ox-PEDOT-nf/PGE have been performed by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The highest voltammetric response of UA was obtained at pH 2.0. A linear relationship between the concentration of UA and oxidation peak currents was observed in the concentration range of 0.01–20.0 μM. The detection limit (1.3 nM according to S/N = 3) and reproducibility (RSD: 4.6 % for N:10) have also been determined. The effects of different substances on the determination of UA have been investigated. A very high peak separation value of 423 mV was obtained between UA and ascorbic acid which is the major interfering substance for UA. The use of Ox-PEDOT-nf/PGE has been successfully tested in the determination of UA in human blood serum and urine samples for the first time in the literature.