Suppression of hysteresis in a forced van der Pol–Duffing oscillator

This paper examines the suppression of hysteresis in a forced nonlinear self-sustained oscillator near the fundamental resonance. The suppression is studied by applying a rapid forcing on the oscillator. Analytical treatment based on perturbation analysis is performed to capture the entrainment zone, the quasiperiodic modulation domain and the hysteresis area as well. The analysis leads to a strategy for the suppression of hysteresis occurring between 1:1 frequency-locked motion and quasiperiodic response. This hysteresis suppression causes the disappearance of nonlinear effects leading to a smooth transition between the quasiperiodic and the frequency-locked responses. Specifically, it appears that a rapid forcing introduces additional apparent nonlinear stiffness which can effectively suppress hysteresis in a certain range of the rapid excitation frequency. This work was motivated by the important issue of controlling and eliminating hysteresis often undesirable in mechanical systems, in general, and in application to microscale devices, especially.     

Hopf bifurcation at infinity in 3D symmetric piecewise linear systems. Application to a Bonhoeffer–van der Pol oscillator

In this work, a Hopf bifurcation at infinity in three-dimensional symmetric continuous piecewise linear systems with three zones is analyzed. By adapting the so-called closing equations method, which constitutes a suitable technique to detect limit cycles bifurcation in piecewise linear systems, we give for the first time a complete characterization of the existence and stability of the limit cycle of large amplitude that bifurcates from the point at infinity. Analytical expressions for the period and amplitude of the bifurcating limit cycles are obtained. As an application of these results, we study the appearance of a large amplitude limit cycle in a Bonhoeffer–van der Pol oscillator.     

Effect of fast harmonic excitation on frequency-locking in a van der Pol–Mathieu–Duffing oscillator

We study the effect of high-frequency harmonic excitation on the entrainment area of the main resonance in a van der Pol–Mathieu–Duffing oscillator. An averaging technique is used to derive a self- and parametrically driven equation governing the slow dynamic of the oscillator. The multiple scales method is then performed on the slow dynamic near the main resonance to obtain a reduced autonomous slow flow equations governing the modulation of amplitude and phase of the slow dynamic. These equations are used to determine the steady state response, bifurcation and frequency–response curves. A second multiple scales expansion is used for each of the dependent variables of the slow flow to obtain slow slow flow modulation equations. Analysis of non-trivial equilibrium of this slow slow flow provides approximation of the slow flow limit cycle corresponding to quasi-periodic motion of the slow dynamic of the original system. Results show that fast harmonic excitation can change the nonlinear characteristic spring behavior and affect significantly the entrainment region. Numerical simulations are used to confirm the analytical results.     

Duffing–van der Pol oscillator type dynamics in Murali–Lakshmanan–Chua (MLC) circuit

We have constructed a simple second-order dissipative nonautonomous circuit exhibiting ordered and chaotic behaviour. This circuit is the well known Murali–Lakshmanan–Chua(MLC) circuit but with diode based nonlinear element. For chosen circuit parameters this circuit admits familiar MLC type attractor and also Duffing–van der Pol circuit type chaotic attractors. It is interesting to note that depending upon the circuit parameters the circuit shows both period doubling route to chaos and quasiperiodic route to chaos. In our study we have constructed two-parameter bifurcation diagrams in the forcing amplitude–frequency plane, one parameter bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, 0–1 test and phase portrait. The performance of the circuit is investigated by means of laboratory experiments, numerical integration of appropriate mathematical model and explicit analytic studies.     

Triple-zero bifurcation in van der Pol’s oscillator with delayed feedback

In this paper, we study a classical van der Pol’s equation with delayed feedback. Triple-zero bifurcation is investigated by using center manifold reduction and the normal form method for retarded functional differential equation. We get the versal unfolding of the norm forms at the triple-zero bifurcation and show that the model can exhibit transcritical bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation, Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation and zero-Hopf bifurcation. Some numerical simulations are given to support the analytic results.     

Chaos,feedback control and synchronization of a fractional-order modified Autonomous Van der Pol–Duffing circuit

In this work, stability analysis of the fractional-order modified Autonomous Van der Pol–Duffing (MAVPD) circuit is studied using the fractional Routh–Hurwitz criteria. A necessary condition for this system to remain chaotic is obtained. It is found that chaos exists in this system with order less than 3. Furthermore, the fractional Routh–Hurwitz conditions are used to control chaos in the proposed fractional-order system to its equilibria. Based on the fractional Routh–Hurwitz conditions and using specific choice of linear controllers, it is shown that the fractional-order MAVPD system is controlled to its equilibrium points; however, its integer-order counterpart is not controlled. Moreover, chaos synchronization of MAVPD system is found only in the fractional-order case when using a specific choice of nonlinear control functions. This shows the effect of fractional order on chaos control and synchronization. Synchronization is also achieved using the unidirectional linear error feedback coupling approach. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.     

Multistability and fast-slow analysis for van der Pol–Duffing oscillator with varying exponential delay feedback factor

Time delays are many sources of complex behavior in dynamical systems. Yet its relationship with bursting dynamics needs to be further explored, particularly when the strength of feedback is a nonlinear function of delay. In this paper, we analyze the dynamics of the van der Pol–Duffing fast-slow oscillator controlled by the parametric delay feedback, where the strength of feedback control is a function exponential varying with the time delay. The system may exhibit a unique equilibrium point and three ones for the different parameters by employing the pitchfork bifurcation. Next, the stability-switches and the Hopf bifurcation curves are presented as the delay varies, which leads to the occurrence of novel bursting phenomena. Some weak resonant or non-resonant double Hopf bursting oscillations are presented due to the vanishing of real parts of two pairs of characteristic roots. Not only the magnitude of the time delay itself but also the strength of feedback control may influence the dynamical evolution process of bursting behaviors in the delayed system. Such fast-slow forms about bursting dynamics, as well as classifications about local dynamics are investigated. Furthermore, periodic and quasi-periodic bursting motions are verified in both theoretical and numerical ways.     

Exponential synchronization of memristive Hindmarsh–Rose neural networks

A new model of neural networks in terms of the memristive Hindmarsh–Rose equations is proposed. Globally dissipative dynamics is shown with absorbing sets in the state spaces. Through sharp and uniform grouping estimates and by leverage of integral and interpolation inequalities tackling the linear network coupling against the memristive nonlinearity, it is proved that exponential synchronization at a uniform convergence rate occurs when the coupling strengths satisfy the threshold conditions which are quantitatively expressed by the parameters.     

Chaos generalized synchronization of new Mathieu–Van der Pol systems with new Duffing–Van der Pol systems as functional system by GYC partial region stability theory

In this paper, a new strategy by using GYC partial region stability theory is proposed to achieve generalized chaos synchronization. via using the GYC partial region stability theory, the new Lyapunov function used is a simple linear homogeneous function of states and the lower order controllers are much more simple and introduce less simulation error. Numerical simulations are given for new Mathieu–Van der Pol system and new Duffing–Van der Pol system to show the effectiveness of this strategy.     

Exponential stability of Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with delays

The exponential stability characteristics of the Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with discrete delays are studied in this paper, without assuming the symmetry of connection matrix as well as the monotonicity and differentiability of the activation functions and the self-signal functions. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functionals, the delay-independent sufficient conditions for the networks converge exponentially towards the equilibrium associated with the constant input are obtained. By employing Halanay-type inequalities, some sufficient conditions for the networks to be globally exponentially stable are also derived. It is not doubt that our results are significant and useful for the design and applications of the Cohen–Grossberg neural networks.     

Fractional derivative and time delay damper characteristics in Duffing–van der Pol oscillators

In this paper, we investigate the damping characteristics of two Duffing–van der Pol oscillators having damping terms described by fractional derivative and time delay respectively. The residue harmonic balance method is presented to find periodic solutions. No small parameter is assumed. Highly accurate limited cycle frequency and amplitude are captured. The results agree well with the numerical solutions for a wide range of parameters. Based on the obtained solutions, the damping effects of these two oscillators are investigated. When the system parameters are identical, the steady state responses and their stability are qualitatively different. The initial approximations are obtained by solving a few harmonic balance equations. They are improved iteratively by solving linear equations of increasing dimension. The second-order solutions accurately exhibit the dynamical phenomena when taking the fractional derivative and time delay as bifurcation parameters respectively. When damping is described by time delay, the stable steady state response is more complex because time delay takes past history into account implicitly. Numerical examples taking time delay and fractional derivative are respectively given for feature extraction and convergence study.     

Chaos control in the cerium-catalyzed Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction using recurrence quantification analysis measures

Chaos control in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky-CSTR system was investigated theoretically and experimentally by reconstructing the phase space of the cerium (IV) ions concentration time series and then optimizing recurrence quantification analysis measures. The devised feedback loop acting on the reactor inlet flow rate was able to experimentally suppress chaos and drive the system to an almost predictable state with approximately 93% determinism. Similar theoretical results have also been demonstrated in numerical simulations using the four-variable Montanator model as solved by the multistage Adomian decomposition method.     

Local stability and attractive basin of Cohen–Grossberg neural networks

The local stability analysis of a neural network is essential in evaluating the performance of this network when it acts as associative memories. This paper addresses the local stability of the Cohen–Grossberg neural networks (CGNNs). A sufficient condition for the local exponential stability of an equilibrium point is presented, and the size of the attractive basin of a locally exponentially stable equilibrium is estimated. The proposed condition and estimate are easily checkable and applicable, because they are phrased only in terms of the network parameters, the nonlinearities of the neurons, and the relevant equilibrium point. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such an estimate for CGNNs has been presented. The utility of our results is illustrated via a numerical example.     

Chaos control for Willamowski–Rössler model of chemical reactions

Real systems evolving towards complex state encounter chaotic behavior. This behavior is very important in chemical processes or in biological structures because it defines the direction of the evolution of the system. From this point of view, the capability of deliberate control of these phenomena has a great practical impact despite the fact that it is very difficult; this is the reason why theoretical models are useful in these situations. In order to obtain chaos control in chemical reactions, the analysis of the dynamics of Willamowski–Rössler system involving the synchronization of two Minimal Willamowski–Rössler (MWR) systems based on the adaptive feedback method of control is presented in this work. As opposed to previous studies where in order to obtain synchronization 3 controllers were used, implying from a practical point of view the control of the concentrations of three chemical species, in this study we showed that the use of just one is sufficient which in practice is important as controlling the concentration of a single chemical species would be much easier. We also showed that the transient time until synchronization depends on initial conditions of two systems, the strength and number of the controllers and we attempted to identify the best conditions for a practical synchronization.     

Periodic solutions of high-order Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with distributed delays

A class of high-order Cohen–Grossberg neural networks with distributed delays is investigated in this paper. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the uniqueness and global exponential stability of periodic solutions of such networks are established by using suitable Lypunov function and the properties of M-matrix. The results in this paper improve the earlier publications.     

An autonomous system with attractor of Smale–Williams type with resonance transfer of excitation in a ring array of van der Pol oscillators

An autonomous system we propose is a ring structure of a large number of van der Pol oscillators, which manifests cyclic propagation of the localized excitation with phase undergoing the expanding circle map transformation on each full revolution. Due to this, it is reasonable to suppose that attractor of Smale–Williams type occurs in the phase space of the system. Because of the slow spatial variation of the natural frequencies of the oscillators around the ring, it appears possible to exploit resonance mechanism for the excitation transfer; so, the system may have prospects for implementation of high-frequency chaos generators.     

具有限时滞van der Pol方程的周期扰动Hopf分枝

本文详细研究了具有限时滞van der Pol方程在经历 Hopf分枝时,小周期扰动对系统的影响,特别是讨论了扰动频率与Hopf分枝固有频率在共振(次调和共振,超调和共振)的情形。表明了在某些参数区域中,系统存在调和解分枝(次调和解分枝以及超调和解分枝),并且讨论了分枝解的稳定性以及时滞所起的作用。     

Robust reliable H∞ control for neural networks with mixed time delays

This paper considers the problem of robust reliable H_∞ control for neural networks. The system has time-varying delays, parametric uncertainties and faulty actuators. The faulty actuators are considered as a disturbance signal to the system which is augmented with system disturbance input. Based on the LMI technique and the Lyapunov stability theory, a new set of sufficient conditions is obtained for the existence of the robust reliable H_∞ controller. An example is also presented illustrate the results.     

Convergence analysis for second-order interval Cohen–Grossberg neural networks

This paper presents new theoretical results on global stability of a class of second-order interval Cohen–Grossberg neural networks. The new criteria is derived to ensure the existence, uniqueness and global stability of the equilibrium point of neural networks under uncertainties. And we make some comparisons between our results with the existed corresponding results. Some examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.