共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 71 毫秒
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如果图$G$的一个正常染色满足染任意两种颜色的顶点集合导出的子图是一些点不交的路的并,则称这个正常染色为图$G$ 的线性染色.图$G$的线性色数用lc$(G)$表示,是指$G$的所有线性染色中所用的最少颜色的个数. \qquad 证明了: 对于每一个最大度为$\Delta(G)$围长为$g(G)$的非负特征图$G$,若存在一个有序对$(\Delta,g)\in\{(13,7),(9,8),(7,9),(5,10), (3,13)\}$, 使得$G$满足$\Delta(G)\ge\Delta$且$g(G)\ge g$,则lc$(G)=\lceil \frac {\Delta(G)}2\rceil+1$. 相似文献
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《数学的实践与认识》2017,(22)
图G的一个点染色称为单射染色,如果任何两个有公共邻点的顶点染不同的颜色·一个图G称为单射κ-可选择的,如果对于顶点V(G)的任何一个大小为κ的允许颜色列表L,都存在一个单射染色φ,使得对于v∈V(G),有φ(v)∈L(v)使得G为单射κ-可选择的最小κ,称为G的单射可选择数,记作X_i~l(G).设G是最大度为Δ,围长为g的可嵌入到欧拉示性数X(∑)≥0的曲面∑的一个图,证明了若Δ≥7,g≥6,且不含有相交6-圈,则x_i~l(G)≤Δ+2. 相似文献
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如果图G的一个正常染色满足染任意两种颜色的顶点集合导出的子图是一些点不交的路的并,则称这个正常染色为图G的线性染色.图G的线性色数用lc(G)表示,是指G的所有线性染色中所用的最少颜色的个数本文证明了对于每一个最大度为△(G)且围长至少为5的平面图G有lc(G)≤[△(G)/2]+5,并且当△(G)∈{7,8,…,14... 相似文献
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如果图G的一个正常染色满足染任意两种颜色的顶点集合导出的子图是一些点不交的路的并,则称这个正常染色为图G的线性染色.图G的线性色数用lc(G)表示,是指G的所有线性染色中所用的最少颜色的个数.论文证明了对于每一个最大度为△(G)围长至少为6的平面图G有lc(G)≤「(Δ(G))/2]+3,并且当△(G)■{4,5,…,12}时, lc(G)≤「(Δ(G))/2」+2. 相似文献
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图G的一个圆环r-染色(r≥2)是将G的每个顶点v对应到一个周长为r的圆上的点的一个映射f,使得对于G中任意的边xy,f(x)和f(y)在圆上的距离不小于1.G的圆环色数χc(G)是G存在圆环r-染色的最小实数r.符号图的圆环染色和图的圆环染色基本相同,不同的是对于负边xy,我们要求f(x)和f(y)的对点在圆上的距离不小于1.符号图(G,σ)的圆环色数是使得(G,σ)在圆环r-染色的最小实数r.本文证明:对于任意正整数k和实数ε> 0,存在整数g使得对于任意树宽至多为k的符号图(G,σ),如果(G,-σ)的负围长至少是g,那么(G,σ)的圆环染色数至多是2+ε. 相似文献
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图$G$的正常边染色称为无圈的, 如果图$G$中不含2-色圈, 图$G$的无圈边色数用$a''(G)$表示, 是使图$G$存在正常无圈边染色所需要的最少颜色数. Alon等人猜想: 对简单图$G$, 有$a''(G)\leq{\Delta(G)+2}$. 设图$G$是围长为$g(G)$的平面图, 本文证明了: 如果$g(G)\geq3$, 则$a''(G)\leq\max\{2\Delta(G)-2,\Delta(G)+22\}$; 如果 $g(G)\geq5$, 则$a''(G)\leq{\Delta(G)+2}$; 如果$g(G)\geq7$, 则$a''(G)\leq{\Delta(G)+1}$; 如果$g(G)\geq16$并且$\Delta(G)\geq3$, 则$a''(G)=\Delta(G)$; 对系列平行图$G$, 有$a''(G)\leq{\Delta(G)+1}$. 相似文献
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图的(列表)动态染色模型可用于解决信道分配中的一些关键问题,是图论和理论计算机科学领域的一个重要的研究方向.Kim和Park (2011)给出了任何最大平均度小于8/3的图的列表动态色数至多为4的证明.然而,由于具有5个顶点的圈C5的最大平均度为2且列表动态色数为5,因此Kim和Park的上述结论是错误的.基于此,本文证明了任何最大平均度小于8/3的普通图(每个连通分支都不与C5同构的图)的列表动态色数至多为4,且该上界4是最优的,从而对Kim和Park的结果进行了修正.与此同时,本文证明了如果图G是系列平行图,则当其是普通图时,其列表动态色数至多为4,且该上界4是最优的,当其不是普通图时,其列表动态色数恰好为5,从而将Song等人(2014)的结果“任何系列平行图的列表动态色数至多为6”进行了改进. 相似文献
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《数学的实践与认识》2015,(23)
对图G的一个正常边染色,如果图G的任何一个圈至少染三种颜色,则称这个染色为无圈边染色.若L为图G的一个边列表,对图G的一个无圈边染色φ,如果对任意e∈E(G)都有ф(e)∈L(e),则称ф为无圈L-边染色.用a′_(list)(G)表示图G的无圈列表边色数.证明若图G是一个平面图,且它的最大度△≥8,围长g(G)≥6,则a′_(list)(G)=△. 相似文献
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A star coloring of a graph is a proper vertex‐coloring such that no path on four vertices is 2‐colored. We prove that the vertices of every planar graph of girth 6 (respectively 7, 8) can be star colored from lists of size 8 (respectively 7, 6). We give an example of a planar graph of girth 5 that requires 6 colors to star color. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 63: 324–337, 2010 相似文献
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A proper vertex coloring of a graph G is linear if the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is the union of vertex-disjoint paths. The linear chromatic number lc(G) of the graph G is the smallest number of colors in a linear coloring of G. In this paper, it is proved that every planar graph G with girth g and maximum degree Δ has(1)lc(G) ≤Δ 21 if Δ≥ 9; (2)lc(G) ≤「Δ/2」 + 7 ifg ≥ 5; (3) lc(G) ≤「Δ/2」 + 2 ifg ≥ 7 and Δ≥ 7. 相似文献
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In this paper, a Lebesgue type theorem on the structure of graphs embedded in the surface of characteristic σ≤ 0 is given, that generalizes a result of Borodin on plane graphs. As a consequence, it is proved that every such graph without i-circuits for 4 ≤ i ≤ 11 - 3σ is 3-choosable, that offers a new upper bound to a question of Y. Zhao. 相似文献
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Jian‐Liang Wu 《Journal of Graph Theory》1999,31(2):129-134
The linear arboricity la(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of linear forests that partition the edges of G. Akiyama, Exoo, and Harary conjectured that for any simple graph G with maximum degree Δ. The conjecture has been proved to be true for graphs having Δ = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10. Combining these results, we prove in the article that the conjecture is true for planar graphs having Δ(G) ≠ 7. Several related results assuming some conditions on the girth are obtained as well. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 31: 129–134, 1999 相似文献
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A proper vertex coloring of a graph G is linear if the graph induced by the vertices of any two color classes is the union of vertex-disjoint paths. The linear chromatic number lc(G) of the graph G is the smallest number of colors in a linear coloring of G. In this paper, we prove that every graph G with girth g(G) and maximum degree Δ(G) that can be embedded in a surface of nonnegative characteristic has lc(G) = Δ(2G )+ 1 if there is a pair (Δ, g) ∈ {(13, 7), (9, 8), (7, 9), (5, 10), (3, 13)} such that G s... 相似文献
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A coloring of a graph is injective if its restriction to the neighbour of any vertex is injective. The injective chromatic number of a graph is the least such that there is an injective -coloring. In this paper, we prove that for each planar graph with and , . 相似文献
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LetGbe a planar graph with maximum degreeΔ.In this paper,we prove that if any4-cycle is not adjacent to ani-cycle for anyi∈{3,4}in G,then the list edge chromatic numberχl(G)=Δand the list total chromatic numberχl(G)=Δ+1. 相似文献
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Michael J. Pelsmajer 《Journal of Graph Theory》2009,61(2):127-139
Given lists of available colors assigned to the vertices of a graph G, a list coloring is a proper coloring of G such that the color on each vertex is chosen from its list. If the lists all have size k, then a list coloring is equitable if each color appears on at most ?|V(G)|/k? vertices. A graph is equitably k ‐choosable if such a coloring exists whenever the lists all have size k. Kostochka, Pelsmajer, and West introduced this notion and conjectured that G is equitably k‐choosable for k>Δ(G). We prove this for graphs of treewidth w≤5 if also k≥3w?1. We also show that if G has treewidth w≥5, then G is equitably k‐choosable for k≥max{Δ(G)+w?4, 3w?1}. As a corollary, if G is chordal, then G is equitably k‐choosable for k≥3Δ(G)?4 when Δ(G)>2. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 相似文献