电磁发射用多级混合储能充电方式对比

从工作原理、器件参数指标、系统效率、纹波系数等方面深入研究对比了蓄电池到脉冲电容器的三种充电方式:直流斩波、恒压、台阶升压,并建立了仿真模型。理论推导与仿真结果显示台阶升压充电效率达到0.911,远高于恒压方式的0.5,其对于晶闸管等器件的参数指标要求却是直流斩波的1/n(n为电池组分组数),并且能在不增加开关损耗的基础上将纹波系数限制在16%,甚至更低。利用混合储能样机进行了台阶升压实验,所得数据与仿真波形吻合较好。结果表明,台阶升压方式最适合应用于混合储能。     

电磁发射用多级混合储能充电方式对比

从工作原理、器件参数指标、系统效率、纹波系数等方面深入研究对比了蓄电池到脉冲电容器的三种充电方式：直流斩波、恒压、台阶升压,并建立了仿真模型。理论推导与仿真结果显示台阶升压充电效率达到0.911,远高于恒压方式的0.5,其对于晶闸管等器件的参数指标要求却是直流斩波的1/n（n为电池组分组数）,并且能在不增加开关损耗的基础上将纹波系数限制在16%,甚至更低。利用混合储能样机进行了台阶升压实验,所得数据与仿真波形吻合较好。结果表明,台阶升压方式最适合应用于混合储能。     

超级电容在太阳能电池蓄电方面的实验研究

超级电容作为推广绿色能源的重要环节,随着它的逐步开发、利用,将更多地走进人们的视野,其零污染、长寿命更是价值的体现.作为工科学生在"太阳能电池室外特性研究"实验环节中及早地了解认识它,对未来科技发展的趋势是大有益处的.     

并联谐振电路在调制器充电电源中的应用

文章探讨了一种新颖的并联谐振高压开关电路, 该电路无需使用外加谐振元件, 只利用变压器的漏感和分布电容作为谐振参数, 既减小了变压器寄生参数的影响, 也简化电路. 设计采用调频器件CD4046对MOS管进行开关频率控制, 且令变换器工作于过谐振模式时, 该电路能够体现出对电容恒流充电的特性. 文中对电路的工作过程进行了简要分析, 并给出了功率计算和实验波形.     

混合工质制冷的液化空气储能系统分析与优化

本文提出了一种采用混合工质制冷的液化空气储能循环,构建了完整的液化空气储能热力系统循环流程以及热力计算分析模型。原料气由单级压缩机驱动的混合制冷机液化,采用丙烷进行预冷,利用遗传算法进行组分优化,开展了设计工况下系统热力学研究。典型工况下,系统的电–电转化效率ηC为43.89%,液化比功耗SPC为0.2306 k Wh·L^-1,系统品质因数FOM为74.64%。研究发现随原料进气压力的增大,ηC和FOM均增大,SPC逐渐减小。与基于Claude液化流程的储能系统进行对比,结果表明本文提出的系统循环性能较优,可为实际工程应用提供参考和依据。     

对数积分放大器在弱光检测中的研究与应用

为解决微弱光信号检测中信号动态范围宽、噪声大等难点,利用对数积分放大原理设计了微弱光信号检测电路。并利用2种不同特性的硅光电二极管（PN和PIN）作为光电转换器件验证电路的性能。实际结果表明:在入射光功率特性上,2种光电二极管电路输出相似,对信号具有压缩作用。在入射光频率特性上,f20 Hz时PN型电路输出幅值是PIN型的1.2倍以上;f40 Hz时PN型电路输出幅值变化约90%,PIN型电路输出更稳定,最大变化约50%。在光谱测量上,2种光电二极管测得的光谱与实际光谱相比变化趋势相同,峰值波长一致。     

新型软开关高压脉冲电容恒流充电技术分析

介绍了新型软开关脉冲电容充电技术,其基本电路采用串联谐振拓扑,具备零电流开关、恒流充电、内在短路保护等优点。导出了该基本电路重要参数的计算公式。仿真了一个10kJ/s充电电源的波形。在重复频率较高、电容容量偏小时的不利情况下,在基本恒流电路的基础上,探讨了几种解决途径同时保留了恒流源的优点。     

基于太阳能电池和超级电容的充电系统

在对超级电容理解和利用太阳能电池给超级电容充电实验的基础上,设计了给手机电池充电的装置.     

风电与压缩空气储能系统的能量转化特性研究

先进绝热压缩空气储能(AA-CAES)是解决风电不稳定性问题的一种能量存储技术。本文以热力学理论为基础,建立了风电与AA-CAES集成系统的理论模型并开展了仿真模拟工作,对集成系统在额定、扰动工况下的能量转化规律进行了对比和分析。结果表明集成系统存在电能、空气内能和水的热能的能量转化,内能与热能的转化随过程进行而变化,且两者的变化规律相反;扰动风速通过改变功率输入影响压气机效率,进而影响电能向空气内能的转化,但对系统热能的影响相对较小。     

电压补偿型高温超导限流-储能系统仿真及实验研究

电压补偿型高温超导限流-储能系统是一种新型的超导电力装置，它具有暂态时限制短路电流、稳态时储存能量同时补偿电压不平衡和改善系统谐波的功能．本文介绍了电压补偿型高温超导限流—储能系统的原理和拓扑结构，利用MatLab仿真工具对其改善电力系统电能质量的功能进行了仿真，并通过DSP芯片TMS240实现了该功能的实验研究，验证了仿真结果的可行性．     

Technological Research of a Clean Energy Router Based on Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System

As a fundamental infrastructure of energy supply for future society, energy Internet (EI) can achieve clean energy generation, conversion, storage and consumption in a more economic and safer way. This paper demonstrates the technology principle of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system (AA-CAES), as well as analysis of the technical characteristics of AA-CAES. Furthermore, we propose an overall architectural scheme of a clean energy router (CER) based on AA-CAES. The storage and mutual conversion mechanism of wind and solar power, heating, and other clean energy were designed to provide a key technological solution for the coordination and comprehensive utilization of various clean energies for the EI. Therefore, the design of the CER scheme and its efficiency were analyzed based on a thermodynamic simulation model of AA-CAES. Meanwhile, we explored the energy conversion mechanism of the CER and improved its overall efficiency. The CER based on AA-CAES proposed in this paper can provide a reference for efficient comprehensive energy utilization (CEU) (93.6%) in regions with abundant wind and solar energy sources.     

非稳态人口温度下相变材料蓄热性能研究

太阳能辐射强度随时间发生变化,造成蓄热单元入口处传热流体温度呈现非稳态变化。为了分析非稳态的入口温度对相变材料蓄热特性的影响,假设传热流体入口温度1 h内随时间呈线性变化,并且1 h内的平均温度恒定在60℃。讨论了入口温度随时间线性增加及线性降低两种变化形式,对相变材料的熔化速率、熔化分数、蓄热量、固液界面位置等参数的影响。结果表明,当1 h内平均入口温度不变,而初始入口温度在30～90℃的范围内变化时,随初始入口温度增加,尽管熔化速率增加,熔化时间从42.75 min减小到20.58 min;但1 h内的总蓄热量却从72.6 kW减小到45.3 kW。     

先进绝热压缩空气储能系统的设计计算

作为一种重要的可再生能源,风能的不稳定性问题亟待解决。压缩空气储能(CAES)系统是解决该问题的一种有效途径。先进绝热压缩空气储能(AA-CAES)系统在传统CAES系统的基础上得到改进,在环境保护、资源节约上有明显的优势。以1.5 MW的AA-CAES为例,介绍了先进绝热压缩空气储能系统的设计过程,并给定具体参数进行计算,对该系统的特性及应用前景进行了分析总结。     

Improved Deep Q-Network for User-Side Battery Energy Storage Charging and Discharging Strategy in Industrial Parks

Battery energy storage technology is an important part of the industrial parks to ensure the stable power supply, and its rough charging and discharging mode is difficult to meet the application requirements of energy saving, emission reduction, cost reduction, and efficiency increase. As a classic method of deep reinforcement learning, the deep Q-network is widely used to solve the problem of user-side battery energy storage charging and discharging. In some scenarios, its performance has reached the level of human expert. However, the updating of storage priority in experience memory often lags behind updating of Q-network parameters. In response to the need for lean management of battery charging and discharging, this paper proposes an improved deep Q-network to update the priority of sequence samples and the training performance of deep neural network, which reduces the cost of charging and discharging action and energy consumption in the park. The proposed method considers factors such as real-time electricity price, battery status, and time. The energy consumption state, charging and discharging behavior, reward function, and neural network structure are designed to meet the flexible scheduling of charging and discharging strategies, and can finally realize the optimization of battery energy storage benefits. The proposed method can solve the problem of priority update lag, and improve the utilization efficiency and learning performance of the experience pool samples. The paper selects electricity price data from the United States and some regions of China for simulation experiments. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional algorithm, the proposed approach can achieve better performance in both electricity price systems, thereby greatly reducing the cost of battery energy storage and providing a stronger guarantee for the safe and stable operation of battery energy storage systems in industrial parks.     

磁悬浮储能飞轮系统研究进展

介绍了飞轮的基本结构 ,阐述了飞轮磁悬浮轴承的原理和特性 ,描述了国内外飞轮储能技术的研究开发现状 ;还简要介绍了该技术国内外的发展难点及今后的发展方向     

恒压型抽水压缩空气储能系统的热力学及经济学多目标优化

为解决可再生能源存在的间歇性和波动性等问题,考虑到现有大规模储能技术的不足,提出了一种兼具抽水蓄能技术和压缩空气储能技术特点的恒压型抽水压缩空气储能系统.首先建立其热力学模型和经济学模型,然后以能量效率和单位能量成本作为目标函数,以水气比、预置压力、增压机压比和增压机效率作为决策变量,分别针对容量为1 MW、2MW、5 MW的系统进行多目标优化。多目标优化结果表明,当水气比约为7、预置压力约为4 MPa、增压机压比约为2、增压机效率较高时,系统具有较高的能量效率和较低的单位能量成本。同时,随着系统容量的增加,单位能量成本明显降低。研究结果可为该系统的工程应用提供理论支撑。     

无水坝抽水蓄能系统高压溶气问题研究

无水坝抽水蓄能系统利用封闭容器内的高压气体构建虚拟水坝,是兼具压缩空气储能和抽水蓄能优点的新型储能系统。但该系统的封闭容器内水和气在高压状态共存有可能造成水中溶气,从而对水轮机造成汽蚀等破坏。本文采用实际气体状态方程及分子动力学模拟方法,研究了宽广的压力、温度范围下气体在水中的溶解及扩散规律,揭示了水中气体溶解量随时间和水深的变化规律。研究结果表明释能结束后保证水-气共容舱内剩余水的高度大于0.5 m时,高压溶气不会对水轮机产生危害,该结论对系统的工程应用及推广具有指导意义。     

弱点火条件下炸药燃烧转爆轰的数值模拟

考察颗粒炸药从传导燃烧到对流燃烧再到爆轰的过程.对装填密度为85%的HMX颗粒炸药的燃烧转爆轰过程进行数值模拟,分析传导燃烧、对流燃烧和爆轰的发展过程.点火早期燃烧速度很低,火焰面在8.16 ms之内只前进了不到0.2 mm;形成对流燃烧之后燃烧速度快速增加,只用了0.1 ms就形成了速度为8 165 m·s^-1的稳定爆轰.当炸药颗粒直径或点火压力减小时,形成稳定爆轰所需的时间增加.     

Thermodynamic Performance of a Brayton Pumped Heat Energy Storage System: Influence of Internal and External Irreversibilities

A model for a pumped thermal energy storage system is presented. It is based on a Brayton cycle working successively as a heat pump and a heat engine. All the main irreversibility sources expected in real plants are considered: external losses arising from the heat transfer between the working fluid and the thermal reservoirs, internal losses coming from pressure decays, and losses in the turbomachinery. Temperatures considered for the numerical analysis are adequate for solid thermal reservoirs, such as a packed bed. Special emphasis is paid to the combination of parameters and variables that lead to physically acceptable configurations. Maximum values of efficiencies, including round-trip efficiency, are obtained and analyzed, and optimal design intervals are provided. Round-trip efficiencies of around 0.4, or even larger, are predicted. The analysis indicates that the physical region, where the coupled system can operate, strongly depends on the irreversibility parameters. In this way, maximum values of power output, efficiency, round-trip efficiency, and pumped heat might lay outside the physical region. In that case, the upper values are considered. The sensitivity analysis of these maxima shows that changes in the expander/turbine and the efficiencies of the compressors affect the most with respect to a selected design point. In the case of the expander, these drops are mostly due to a decrease in the area of the physical operation region.     

混合板式换热器板通道的数值模拟研究

本文采用二维非稳态数学模型、周期性充分发展边界条件对混合板式换热器中的板通道内的流动和换热进行数值模拟。在Re=4407～22035工况范围内,计算了半圆型、半椭圆Ⅰ型和半椭圆Ⅱ型三种不同纵截面形状波纹板通道内的流动和换热性能。数值模拟结果分析表明,波纹通道内的流动会因为流体从凸面流向凹面时产生回流而形成涡,即产生扰动,强化了后面的换热,但同时增大了阻力。并得出半圆型通道换热最强,Nu为椭圆Ⅱ型的1.4倍;但其阻力最大,压降为椭圆Ⅱ型的1.9倍。