锆炔杂化树脂的制备及性能

以四氯化锆、三氯乙烯及苯乙炔为原料,通过有机锂法合成锆炔杂化树脂(PZA),通过FT-IR、1 H-NMR表征了其结构,利用FT-IR、DSC及TGA研究了PZA树脂的固化反应及耐热性能;采用XRD研究了PZA树脂固化物的烧结性能.结果表明:PZA树脂可以发生固化交联反应;其固化物具有一定的耐热性能,在氮气气氛中,失重10％的温度(Td10)达到500℃,1 000℃下的质量保留率达到80％;在空气气氛中,1 000℃下烧结可形成四方氧化锆陶瓷.     

聚甲基二间苯二乙炔基硅烷改性二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂及其复合材料的性能

用聚甲基二间苯二乙炔基硅烷树脂（PSA）改性二氧化双环戊二烯（R-122环氧树脂）得到R-122/PSA树脂体系,并以该树脂为基体制备了玻璃纤维复合材料。通过FT-IR、DSC和TGA研究了R-122/PSA树脂的固化反应及其耐热性能,同时研究了R-122/PSA基复合材料的力学性能、耐热性能、介电性能和耐水性能。结果表明：改性树脂在高温下保持了良好的耐热性能,mPSA/mR-122=0.2的固化物在800°C下质量保留率比纯R-122树脂的提高了30%。所制备的复合材料常温下弯曲强度达到735 MPa,220°C下的弯曲强度达到418.4 MPa,不仅保留了良好的力学性能,而且耐热性能得到了很好的提升,同时其浸泡96 h后的吸水率仅为0.65%,耐水性能优异。     

聚(间乙炔基-甲基氢苯基硅烷)树脂的合成及其耐热性能

以二氯甲基硅烷和间二乙炔基苯为原料,通过有机镁格氏试剂与卤代硅烷的缩合反应,合成得到了一种新结构的聚(间乙炔基-甲基氢苯基硅烷)树脂(PCS).采用FT-IR、1 H-NMR、13C-NMR和GPC对树脂的结构进行了表征,采用DSC和TGA对树脂的固化反应和热稳定性能进行了研究.结果表明:PCS树脂在160℃及240℃处有固化反应放热峰;其固化产物具有优异的耐热及耐热氧化性能,在氮气与空气氛围下质量损失5％的温度(Td5)分别为644、595℃,而1 000℃的质量保留率分别为89.0％、57.9％.     

三(3-乙炔基苯胺)-苯基硅烷改性含硅芳炔树脂的性能

以苯基三氯硅烷、3-氨基苯乙炔为原料,通过胺解反应合成了三(3-乙炔基苯胺)苯基硅烷(SZTA),并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)表征了其结构。随后通过熔融共混的方法制备了不同配比的改性含硅芳炔树脂(PSA/SZTA),借助黏度计、流变仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、电子万能试验机、热重分析仪(TG)等考察了改性树脂的工艺性能、固化特性、弯曲性能、热稳定性能和热解动力学等。结果显示,引入SZTA后,改性PSA树脂的黏度降低62%;改性PSA树脂固化物的弯曲强度最高达到34.6MPa,比未改性的PSA树脂提高了约54%;且改性树脂固化物在N_2中的5%热失重温度(T_(d5))均高于500℃,保持了良好的耐热性能;PSA/SZTA-20固化物的热解表观活化能(Ea)的平均值为249kJ/mol。     

双(N-间乙炔基苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺)醚改性苯乙炔基硅氧硼烷

用双(N-间乙炔基苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺)醚(DAIE)改性苯乙炔基硅氧硼烷(PESB)制得复合材料基体树脂(PESB-DAIE).通过FT-IR、DSC和TG研究了PESB-DAIE的固化反应及耐热性.将PESB-DAIE与纤维复合制得复合材料,研究了该材料的耐热性、弯曲强度及断面形貌.研究结果表明,固化物在氮气气氛下质...     

新型乙炔封端聚酰亚胺的制备及性能

用双酚A型二醚二酐(BPADA)和3-乙炔基苯胺(m-APA)进行缩聚反应合成了乙炔基封端的聚酰亚胺预聚体, 并对预聚体的熔体黏度、稳定性和热性能等进行研究. 结果表明, 此类预聚体具有较宽的加工窗口和较低的加工温度, 适合模压成型工艺制备树脂基复合材料. 预聚体经250 ℃固化后显示了优异的热性能, 动态力学分析显示其玻璃化转变温度为363 ℃, 在氮气和空气气氛下5%热失重温度分别为490和492 ℃.     

含硅氧烷结构聚酰亚胺树脂的耐热稳定性及高温结构演变

基于含硅芳香二胺双(4-氨基苯氧基)二甲基硅烷(APDS)设计制备了系列苯乙炔基封端的含硅氧烷结构聚酰亚胺树脂预聚物(PEPA-PIS), 考察了硅氧烷含量对树脂固化物耐热稳定性的影响规律. 利用非反应性苯酐基团封端的模型预聚物(PA-PIS)证明了温度对于硅氧烷结构演变的影响. 通过对树脂固化物高温固化处理后耐热稳定性与微观结构和表面形貌的关系进行深入研究, 发现在高温下硅氧烷结构发生氧化交联反应, 并在树脂表面形成具有无机特性的二氧化硅结构, 这种有机/无机杂化特性可显著提高聚酰亚胺树脂的耐热稳定性.     

聚正己基三苯乙炔基硅烷树脂的合成及其热稳定性能

以正己基三氯硅烷、镁条、溴乙烷和苯乙炔为原料,通过Grignard反应合成单体正己基三苯乙炔基硅烷（NTPES）,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR, ²⁹Si NMR和FT-IR表征,采用非等温差热扫描量热法（DSC）研究了其热固化行为。通过热聚合合成了聚正己基三苯乙炔基硅烷树脂（PNTPES）,运用热重分析（TG）技术研究了固化树脂的热稳定性。结果表明：树脂在氮气气氛中质量损失5%的温度高于445 ℃, 800 ℃残存率大于60%,具有较好的热稳定性。     

二甲基-二(3-乙炔基苯胺)硅烷的固化反应及其动力学

利用非等温差示扫描量热法(DSC)得到了二甲基-二(3-乙炔基苯胺)硅烷(DMEAS)的特征固化参数,采用Kissinger和Ozawa法计算得到DMEAS固化反应表观活化能(ΔE)分别为100.6、113.0 kJ/mol;通过FT-IR研究了DMEAS固化前后的结构变化,采用TGA分析了其固化物的耐热性。结果表明:DMEAS固化反应主要是乙炔基发生交联反应,形成空间网状结构;在氮气中,DMEAS固化物的热降解起始温度(Td5)为563℃,900℃时的质量残留率为84.0%。     

萘乙炔基封端的含硅聚酰亚胺的制备与性能

为了获得兼具良好热性能和加工性能的聚酰亚胺树脂,设计合成了不对称二胺(3-氨基-苯基)-(4’-氨基-苯基)-乙炔(AMPA),含萘环的封端剂3-(萘-1-乙炔基)苯胺(NAA)以及含硅二酐双(3,4-二羧基苯基)二甲基硅烷二酐.为研究结构与性能的关系,引入4,4’-双邻苯二甲酸酐(ODPA)和间氨基苯乙炔(APA)为对照二酐和封端剂,制备了一系列分子链中含硅和内炔基团的聚酰亚胺树脂PI-Si-Ⅰ(以APA为封端剂)和PI-Si-Ⅱ(以NAA为封端剂),以及与之相对照的树脂PI-O-Ⅰ和PI-O-Ⅱ(二酐单体为ODPA). PI-Si树脂在常见溶剂如四氢呋喃中具有很好的溶解度,而PI-Si-Ⅱ树脂更是具有低的熔体黏度和100℃宽的加工窗口.热失重的结果显示固化树脂具有良好的耐热性能,5 wt%热失重温度(T_d5)在547℃左右,质量残留率在79%左右;热裂解分析结果表明在聚酰亚胺主链中引入的硅和内炔基团在高温环境中形成硅氧硅结构和苯环等刚性结构,从而提高树脂的耐热性.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.