Synthesis of anthrathiopyrantriones by heterocyclization of alkynoyl derivatives of chloroanthraquinones

A procedure was developed for the synthesis of 2-substituted, including 2-alkenyl-substituted, 4H-anthra[1,2-b]thiopyran-4,7,12-triones and 4H-anthra[2,3-b]thiopyran-4,6,11-triones by cyclocondensation of vic-alkynoylchloroanthraquinones with Na₂S.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2205–2209, October, 2004.     

Reaction of 1-amino-2-phenylethynyl-and 2-acylethynyl-1-amino-9,10-anthraquinones with HNO2. Synthesis of 1H-3-acylnaphtho[2,3-g]indazole-6,11-diones

The reactions of 1-amino-2-phenylethynyl-and 2-acylethynyl-1-amino-9,10-anthraquinones with HNO₂ in a mixture of dioxane and a mineral acid at 20 °C were studied. Under these conditions, 2-alkynyl-1-amino-9,10-anthraquinones, irrespective of the structure of the C=CR substituent, are cyclized into 3-substituted 1H-naphtho[2,3-glindazole-6,11-diones. The nature of the acetylenic group in the initial compound and the choice of the mineral acid determine the structure of the substitutent in position 3 of the product (1,1-dichloroalkyl or acyl) but have no effect on the regiospecificity of cyclization. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 110–114, January, 1997.     

Synthesis of 1,3,7-triazapyrene and 1,2,3,7-tetraazapyrene derivatives as a result of anomalous Hoesch reaction

Method for the synthesis of 6,8-diaryl-1,3,7-triazapyrenes and 6,8-diaryl-1,2,3,7-tetraazapyrenes, based on the reaction of 2-R-1H-perimidines and 1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,2,3]triazine with aromatic nitriles in polyphosphoric acid, has been elaborated. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 209–210, January, 2008.     

Synthesis of Indolo phenothiazin-6-one derivatives

Summary 5H-Indolo[3,2-a]-6H-phenothiazin-6-one and its regioisomer 1H-Indolo[2,3-a]-6H-phenothiazin-6-one were prepared by the condensation of 2-aminobenzenethiol with carbazole-1, 4-dione or with isomeric mixture of bromo-carbazole-1,4-diones.

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Synthese von Indolo-Phenothiazin-6-on-Derivaten (Kurze Mitteilung)

Zusammenfassung 5H-Indolo[3,2-a]-6H-phenothiazin-6-on und sein Regioisomer 1H-Indolo[2,3-a]-6H-phenothiazin-6-on wurden mittels Kondensation von 2-Aminobenzolthiol mit Carbazol-1,4-dion oder mit einer isomeren Mischung von Bromcarbazol-1,4-dionen hergestellt.

     

A novel heterocyclization of 1-acetylenyl-9,10-anthraquinones

I-Acetylenyl-9,10-anthraquinones react with an excess of NH₂NH₂ at 80–115°C to give a mixture of substituted 7H-dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-ones and anthra[9,1-cd]-1,2-diazepin-8-ones. The latter compounds undergo reductive contraction of the sevenmembered ring to give the corresponding 7H-dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-ones. Bulky substituents in position 2 of the initial acetylenylanthraquinones prevent the formation of the sevenmembered heterocycle. A scheme of the cyclocondensation was proposed. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2027–2030, October, 1998.     

Synthesis of 5H-naphtho[2,3-c]phenothiazine-8,13-diones from 1-arylthio-2-azidoanthraquinones

Thermolysis of 1-arylthio-2-azidoanthraquinones in DMSO at 150 °C afforded substituted 5H-naphtho[2,3-c]phenothiazine-8,13-diones. These compounds were also formed upon photolysis of azides at 77 K and were prepared in quantitative yields by the reactions of 1-arylthio-2-azidoanthraquinones with KOH in DMSO at 20 °C.     

Synthesis of new pyrido[3,4-c]carbazole derivatives

Previously unknown 2-[6-hydroxy-9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-ylidene]malononitrile was synthesized by the Nenitzescu reaction and was used for the construction of new tetracyclic compounds, viz., pyrido[3,4-c]carbazoles. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1600–1604, September, 2006.     

Reaction of diketene with cyanothioacetamide: A convenient and regioselective method for the preparation of new 4(1H)-pyridone derivatives

The reaction of diketene with cyanothioacetamide in dry dioxane in the presence of triethylamine gives triethylammonium 3-cyano-6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-2-pyridinethiolate. The regioselective S-alkylation of this thiolate is a convenient method for the preparation of substituted 4(1H)-pyridones and also derivatives of thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine and thieno[2,3-b]pyridine. The action of 2-amino-1,1,3-tricyanopropene on this thiolate leads to its transformation into a new heterocyclic system, namely, 5H-pyrido[2′,3′:4,5]thiopyrano[2,3-b]pyridine; treatment with iodine yields the oxidation product, namely, the corresponding bis(2-pyridyl) disulfide. The structure of isopropyl (3-cyano-6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-2-pyridinyl)thioacetate was confirmed by X-ray diffraction structural analysis. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 716–725, May, 2007.     

Functionalized naphthol[2,3-h] quinoline-7,12-diones

The addition of secondary and primary amines to ethyl (1-amino-9,10-anthraquinon-2-yl)propynoate affords an easily separable mixture of the corresponding ethyl 3-dialkylaminoor 3-alkylamino-3-(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinon-2-yl)acrylate and 3-dialkylamino- or 3-alkylaminonaphthol[2,3-h]quinoline-2(1H), 7,12-trione (in ∼4: 1 ratio). Intramolecular cyclization of the resulting substituted ethyl acrylates results in the formation of 4-dialkylaminoor 4-alkylamino-2-chlorinated pyridine rings. Subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atom gives 2-functionalized 4-dialkylamino- or 4-alkylaminonaphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-diones. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2327–2332, November, 1998.     

Acorafuran, a new sesquiterpenoid from Acorus calamus essential oil

The structure of acorafuran (6-isopropyl-4-methyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan), a new cadalin-type sesquiterpenoid from Acorus calamus essential oil, was established using spectral data (NMR, mass spectrometry). __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 566–568, November–December, 2006.     

Synthesis and Properties of 6-Amino-7-hetaryl-5-R-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles

We have established that when 5-chloro-6-[cyano(2,3-dihydro-1-R-benzo[d]azol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-pyrazinedicarbonitriles are reacted with nucleophilic reagents (aliphatic and aromatic amines, hydrogen sulfide), annelation of the five-membered ring occurs on the [b] face of the pyrazine with formation of 6-amino-7-hetaryl-5-R-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles and 6-amino-7-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile respectively. Further heating with excess of acylating reagent leads to formation of a novel heterocyclic system 1H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]pyrazino[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-e]pyrimidine. Reaction of vicinal dinitriles with hydrazine hydrate leads to the novel system 1H-pyrrolo[2',3':5,6]pyrazino[2,3-d]pyridazine.     

β-Ketoaldehydes in the synthesis of 6-alkyl-3-cyano-2(1H)-pyridinethiones

An efficient synthesis of 6-alkyl-3-cyano-2(1H)-pyridinethiones by the reactions of the sodium salts of -ketoaldehydes with cyanothioacetamide was developed. Pyridinethiones undergo selectiveS-alkylation with haloacetonitriles and haloacetophenones followed by cyclization to the corresponding thieno[2,3-b]pyridines.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 727–731, April, 1995.This study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 94-03-08-823).     

Transformations of 1-amino-2-(3-hydroxyalk-1-ynyl)-9,10-anthraquinones in the presence of amines

When heated in piperidine, 1-amino-2-(3-hydroxyalk-1-ynyl)-9,10-anthraquinones undergo cyclization into 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)naphtho[2,3-g]indole-6,11-diones. In contrast, 1-amino-2-(3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropynyl)-9,10-anthraquinone reacts with primary and secondary amines to give the corresponding 1-amino-2-(1-amino-2-benzoylvinyl)-9,10-anthraquinones, which undergo cyclization into 4-dialkylamino- or 4-alkylamino-2-phenylnaphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-diones. Heating of the starting phenylpropynol with Et₃N causes its dehydrogenation and isomerization.     

Synthesis of thiopheno-quinizarine derivatives

4,11-Dihydroxyanthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-dione (thiophenoquinizarine) and its 3-methyl derivative were obtained by the cyclization of quinizarin-2-yl derivatives of mercaptoacetaldehyde or mercaptoacetone in acid medium. 4,11-Dimethoxy-and 4,11-dibutoxyanthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-dione were synthesized by the alkylation of the hydroxyl group in the synthesized anthrathiophenes with dimethylformamide dimethylacetal or butyl iodide respectively. Radical bromination of 4,11-dimethoxy-3-methylanthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-dione, depending on the amount of N-bromo-succinimide taken, leads to the formation of 3-bromomethyl-or 3-dibromomethyl-4,11-dimethoxy-anthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-diones. The action of sodium acetate on the obtained bromo derivatives with subsequent hydrolysis of the intermediate acetates led to the synthesis of 3-hydroxymethyl-or 3-formyl-4,11-dimethoxy-anthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-diones. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1478–1485, October, 2007.     

A new methodology of annelation of five- and seven-membered heterocycles to quinoxalines

Pyrazolo[3,4-b]-, isoxazolo[4,5-b]-, benzo[2,3]-1,4-diazepino-, and benzo[2,3]-1,4-oxazepinoquinoxalines were prepared by reactions of 2-quinoxalinecarboxaldehyde with 1,2-N,N-, 1,2-N,O and 1,4-N,N- and 1,4-N,O-dinucleophiles.     

The synthesis of crowned phenoselenazinone derivatives

Summary Several substituted crowned phenoselenazin-16-one derivatives were prepared by condensation of substituted zinc 2-amino-benzeneselenolates with 1,4-quinone of benzo[15]crown-5 or its dibromide in alcoholic solution. The dehalogenation of the bromoselenazinones was also investigated.

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Synthese von Kronen-Phenoselenazinon-Derivaten (Kurze Mitt.)

Zusammenfassung Es wurden einige substituierte Kronen-Phenoselenazin-16-on-Derivate mittels Kondensation von substituierten Zink-2-aminobenzolselenolaten mit dem 1,4-Chinon von Benzo[15]krone-5 oder seinem Dibromid in alkoholischer Lösung dargestellt. Die Dehalogenierung der Bromselenazinone wurde ebenfalls untersucht.

     

Synthesis of 2H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives

Two series of 2H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,5(6H)-dione derivatives have been prepared. Thus, the reaction of 6-hydroxy-pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (1 a–c) with bis-2,4,6-trichlorphenyl malonates (2 a–d) or diethyl malonates (3 a–d) afforded good yields of 4-hydroxy-2H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,5(6H)-diones (4 a-l). Application of our modifiedPechmann reaction^9–11 using -aminocrotonate (5) or -keto esters (6, 7) in the presence of ammonium acetate yielded the 2H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinediones8 a–h.Dedicated to Prof. Dr.Karl Schlögl, University of Vienna, on the occasion of his 60th birthday.     

Photocyclization of 2-azido-1-(4-<Emphasis Type="Italic">tert</Emphasis>-butylphenoxy)-9,10-anthraquinone in the presence of substituted phenols

New types of phototransformations in the quinone series, viz., photocyclizations of 1-aryloxy-2-azido-9,10-anthraquinone in the presence of phenols, were studied. The photolysis affords mainly 5H-naphtho[2,3-c]phenoxazine-8,13-diones, in which the nitrogen atom is covalently bound to the phenyl ring of the attached phenol. As a result, complex polycyclic derivatives of phenoxazines were prepared in high yields in one step. Dedicated to the memory of Academician N. N. Vorozhtsov on the 100th anniversary of his birth. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1089–1093, June, 2007.     

Acetylenchemie, 33. Mitt.: Synthese von 2-substituierten Dihydrofuro[2,3-b]chinolinen

Summary The reaction of 3-iodo-4-methoxy-2(1H)-quinolinone (1) and 3-iodo-4,6,8-trimethoxy-2(1H)-quinolinone (2) with 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol under modified Heck-conditions gave the 2-substituted derivatives 2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-4-methoxyfuro[2,3-b]-quinoline (3) and 2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl-4,6,8-trimethoxyfuro[2,3-b]-quinoline (4). By a subsequent hydrogenation-reaction with a homogeneous catalyst (PtO₂/Rh₂O₃), the furoquinoline-derivatives yielded the dihydrofuro-[2,3-b]quinolines, identified as 2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl-4-methoxy-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-b]quinoline (5) (racemic platydesmine) and 2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-4,6,8-trimethoxy-2,3-dihydrofuro-[2,3-b]quinoline (6) (racemic precursor of O⁴-methylptelefolonium salt).