基于二氧化钛/碳纳米管/壳聚糖纳米复合薄膜制备葡萄糖生物传感器

利用壳聚糖(CHI)溶液分散了纳米二氧化钛(nano-TiO2)和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT),将该分散液修饰于玻碳电极表面形成纳米复合薄膜;用戊二醛为交联剂在该纳米复合层上固定了葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx),同时以二茂铁为电子媒介体构建了一种新型葡萄糖传感器。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、交流阻抗(AC)对所制备的传感器进行了表征,同时用循环伏安法(CV)和计时电流法(CA)考察了其对葡萄糖的电催化氧化性能。实验结果表明,在优化测试条件下该传感器对葡萄糖在0.5～20.0 mmol.L-1范围内有线性响应,检出限为0.2 mmol.L-1;电流达到95%的稳态时间小于5 s;此生物传感器具有良好的重现性和选择性,能有效排除抗坏血酸、尿酸等常见干扰物的影响并成功应用于饮料中葡萄糖含量的测定。     

基于纳米复合材料/壳聚糖膜的葡萄糖生物传感器研究

采用纳米普鲁士蓝/金纳米粒子/壳聚糖(nano-PB/AuNPs/Chit)复合膜固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)构建新型葡萄糖生物传感器。通过电化学阻抗谱以及电流-时间曲线法(I-t)研究了传感器的电化学特性。结果表明,传感器在葡萄糖浓度为0.01～1.0 mmol/L范围内呈线性,响应灵敏度为68.15μA.(mmol/L)-1.cm-2,表观米氏常数为5.1 mmol/L。该传感器可用于糖尿病人血糖的测定。     

基于对氨基苯甲酸/硫堇/纳米金共价修饰玻碳电极的葡萄糖生物传感器

实验制备了以对氨基苯甲酸(4-ABA)、硫堇(TH)、纳米金(Au NPs)共价键合葡萄糖氧化酶的新型葡萄糖生物传感器. 主要采用循环伏安法, 以羟基二茂铁作为电子媒介体, 对含葡萄糖和未含葡萄糖的电解液进行了研究. 结果表明: 传感器的响应电流值随葡萄糖氧化酶膜层数的不同而变化. 考虑到酶电极的长期稳定性与构造简单性, 我们制作了两层葡萄糖氧化酶膜的酶电极. 该传感器对1×10^－2 mol/L葡萄糖的响应电流达2.47 μA, 响应时间仅4.7 s. 该生物传感器检测的线性范围为3×10^－5～1×10^－3 mol/L, 最低检测浓度可达5.8×10^－6 mol/L. 该传感器制备简单, 稳定好, 具有一定的使用价值.     

基于壳聚糖-纳米金/纳米普鲁士蓝/L-半胱氨酸修饰的 葡萄糖传感器的研究

在金电极表面修饰一层L-半胱氨酸,再利用静电吸附作用固定纳米普鲁士蓝(nano-PB),然后利用壳聚糖-纳米金复合膜将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定于修饰电极表面,制成新型的葡萄糖传感器.通过交流阻抗技术,循环伏安法和计时电流法考察了电极的电化学特性.在优化的实验条件下,该传感器在葡萄糖浓度为3.0×10-6～1.0×10-3 mol/L范围内有线性响应,检测下限为1.6×10-6 mol/L.此外该传感器具有响应快、稳定性好和选择性良好的特点,能有效排除常见干扰物质如抗坏血酸、尿酸等对测定的影响.     

镀铂金电极上电沉积碳纳米管-葡萄糖氧化酶-壳聚糖的新型生物传感器

通过电化学沉积将壳聚糖、葡萄糖氧化酶和碳纳米管固定到镀铂金电极上,制备了一种新型葡萄糖生物传感器.探讨了铂的电沉积时间、壳聚糖化学沉积时间、缓冲溶液pH和工作电位等对该牛物传感器的影响.实验结果表明,该生物传感器线性范围为1×10~(-6)1.2×10~(-2)mol/L,相关系数为0.9974,检测限为5.0×10~(-7)mol/L,响应时间≤8 s;血清中的尿酸、抗坏血酸等对葡萄糖的测定无干扰.利用该生物传感器测定了人血清中的葡萄糖,回收率在97%～105%之间.该生物传感器线性范围较宽,灵敏度高,响应迅速,抗干扰能力强,有望成为一种可推广的新型葡萄糖检测器.     

激光诱导石墨烯/酶电极的葡萄糖传感研究

葡萄糖水平是糖尿病诊断治疗的一项重要评价指标。该文基于激光诱导石墨烯/酶电极构建了一种新型便携式葡萄糖传感器。通过激光诱导石墨烯(LIG)技术制备微型柔性石墨烯三电极系统(LIG电极),并基于1-芘丁酸的疏水端苯环与石墨烯的六元环结构间的π-π叠加效应,对LIG电极表面羧基化,进而共价交联葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx),制得LIG/GOx电极,采用计时电流法,开展葡萄糖传感研究。结果表明,所构建的传感器对葡萄糖的检测范围为5.0×10^-5～1.0×10^-2 mol/L,检出限(S/N=2)为5.0×10^-5 mol/L。方法表现出较高的选择性、稳定性和良好的重复性,可用于血清、尿样和汗液中葡萄糖的检测。LIG在葡萄糖传感微型电极材料的应用,有利于实现葡萄糖的非临床检测,有望用于便携式传感器的构建。     

碳纳米管负载铂颗粒酶电极葡萄糖传感器

以碳纳米管负载纳米铂颗粒修饰玻碳电极 (CNT Pt/GCE)为基底 ,用明胶固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD) ,构建了电流型葡萄糖生物传感器 (GOD/CNT Pt/GCE)。在实验中 ,GOD/CNT Pt/GCE显示了良好的分析性能 ,与常规铂电极葡萄糖传感器 (GOD/Pt)相比较 ,测定葡萄糖的检出限从 6 .7× 10 -3 mol/L下降到8.3× 10 -4mol/L ;工作电位从 0 .6 5V下降至 0 .4 5V ;响应时间从 30s下降至 5s左右。实验结果表明 ,具有高度电催化活性的CNT Pt/GCE可作为酶传感器的一种新型基体电极。     

基于Fe3O4/Au/GOx的新型磁性敏感膜葡萄糖传感器研制

在核壳结构Fe3O4/Au微粒上共价固定葡萄糖氧化酶,制得磁性复合粒子Fe3O4/Au/Gox,该复合粒子保留了良好的超顺磁性。通过磁力将其固定到改进的玻碳电极上,以二茂铁为电子媒介,制得新型葡萄糖传感器。研究了该传感器的传感性能,优化了实验参数。在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,葡萄糖浓度在5.0×10-5～2.0×10-2mol/L间呈良好线性关系,响应时间小于10s。该传感器有灵敏度高,选择性好,性能稳定,制作简单且易于更新的特点。     

基于柔性MXenes/石墨烯纤维直接电沉积NiS构建非酶葡萄糖传感器

使用一步电沉积法在二维过渡金属碳(氮)化物(MXenes)/石墨烯纤维(GF)上直接合成NiS，制备非酶葡萄糖传感器。在最佳条件下，NiS/MXenes/GF微电极传感器检测葡萄糖，在葡萄糖浓度2.5～5000μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系，检出限为1.64μmol/L，灵敏度3951.35μA·L/(mmol·cm²)。结果表明，制备的NiS/MXenes/GF柔性纤维状微电极可作为生物传感器的电极材料。     

无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研究进展

随着各种新型材料的层出不穷及其在葡萄糖电化学传感器方面应用的发展,无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研制成为葡萄糖电化学传感器的另一个研究热点.本文综述了近年来无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研究进展,重点介绍了电流型无酶葡萄糖传感器所使用的各种电极材料,总结了最近五年各种新型结构材料在该类传感器研制方面的应用,并对无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器发展方向和趋势进行了展望.     

Synthesis of PtxSn/MWCNTs and their Application in Non‐enzymatic Glucose and Hydrogen Peroxide Sensors

Pt_xSn/MWCNTs (x=1, 2, 3) nanocomposites were synthesized by chemical reduction. Comparing all of the materials, the results revealed that the best material was Pt₃Sn/MWCNTs. The sensor based on Pt₃Sn/MWCNTs exhibited excellent catalytic activities towards glucose and hydrogen peroxide. Sensing of glucose had a double‐linear range: one was between 50 μM and 550 μM, the other was between 1.35 mM and 16.35 mM. These were due to the fact that more and more intermediate species were adsorbed onto the electrode surface with increasing concentration of glucose, which limited the following glucose oxidation. Meanwhile, the sensor also had a linear response range between 0.05 mM and 18.95 mM for hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the glucose and hydrogen peroxide sensors exhibited excellent selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. Thus the sensors had potential utilities in the detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide.     

Nickel/Copper Bilayer‐modified Screen Printed Electrode for Glucose Determination in Flow Injection Analysis

This work reports about the performance of a Ni/Cu‐modified screen printed electrodes (SPE/Ni/Cu), prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD) in an oblique angle configuration (OAD), for non‐enzymatic glucose sensing applications. SPE/Ni/Cu electrodes showed an excellent reversibility and a catalytic behavior for detection of glucose that were controlled by the diffusion of reactants up to the active sites at the electrode surface. The study with a flow injection analysis (FIA) setup of the main experimental variables affecting the detection process has shown that the developed electrode system had an excellent glucose sensitivity of 1.04 A M⁻¹cm⁻² (R²:0.999), a linear response up to 1 mM, a limit of detection of 0.33 μM and a time of analysis of ca. 30 s per sample. The selectivity of the sensor was checked against various interferences, including ascorbic acid, uric acid, acetaminophen and other sugars, in all cases with excellent results. The feasibility of using this sensor for practical applications was successfully confirmed by determining the glucose concentration in different commercial beverages.     

NiMoO4 nanofibres designed by electrospining technique for glucose electrocatalytic oxidation

Electrochemical oxidation of glucose is the guarantee to realize nonenzymatic sensing of glucose, but greatly hindered by the slow kinetics of its oxidation process. Herein, various nanomaterials were designed as catalysts to accelerate glucose oxidation reaction. However, how to effectively build an excellent platform for promoting the glucose oxidation is still a great challenge. In our work, 1D CaMoO₄ and NiMoO₄ nanofibres with same morphologies and sub-microstructures were fabricated by electrospinning technique in the first time, and explored to modify the detection electrodes of nonenzymatic glucose sensors. The electrochemical results indicated that the NiMoO₄ based sensor exhibited a good catalytic activity toward glucose including the low response potential (0.5 V), high sensitivity(193.8 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²) with a linear response region of 0.01–8 mM, low detection limit (4.6 μM) and fast response time (2 s), all of which are superior to the corresponding values of CaMoO₄ nanofibres and even higher than those of most reported NiO and Co₃O₄ catalysts, which is due to the NiMoO₄ nanofibres are not only advantageous to electron transfer, but can mediated the electrocatalytic reaction of glucose. This work should provide a new pathway for the design of advanced glucose catalysts for nonenzymatic sensor.     

MOF‐Derived Spinel NiCo2O4 Hollow Nanocages for the Construction of Non‐enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Non‐enzymatic glucose sensor is greatly expected to take over its enzymatic counterpart in the future. In this paper, we reported on a facile strategy to construct a non‐enzymatic glucose sensor by use of NiCo₂O₄ hollow nanocages (NiCo₂O₄ HNCs) as catalyst, which was derived from Co‐based zeolite imidazole frame (ZIF‐67). The NiCo₂O₄ HNCs modified glassy carbon electrode (NiCo₂O₄ HNCs/GCE), the key component of the glucose sensor, showed highly electrochemical catalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose in alkaline media. As a result, the proposed non‐enzymatic glucose sensor afforded excellent analytical performances assessed with the aid of cyclic voltammetry and amperometry (i–t). A wide linear range spanning from 0.18 μΜ to 5.1 mM was achieved at the NiCo₂O₄ HNCs/GCE with a high sensitivity of 1306 μA mM^?1 cm^?2 and a fast response time of 1 s. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) of the sensor was as low as 27 nM (S/N=3). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the non‐enzymatic glucose sensor showed considerable anti‐interference ability and excellent stability. The practical application of the sensor was also evaluated by determination of glucose levels in real serum samples.     

A Novel Non‐Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on Cobalt Nanoparticles Implantation‐Modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode

A new type of cobalt nanoparticles modified indium tin oxide electrode (CoNPs/ITO) was fabricated using ion implantation technique. This method is low‐cost, facile and environmentally friendly without the use of any other chemicals. Electrochemical oxidation of glucose with this sensor was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry in alkaline aqueous solutions. The proposed sensor exhibited prominent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose with a low limit of detection of 0.25 µM. Furthermore, the fabricated electrode showed excellent selectivity, good reproducibility and long‐term stability. Thus CoNPs/ITO electrode is a promising candidate in the development of non‐enzymatic glucose sensors.     

Glucose biosensor based on immobilization of glucose oxidase in platinum nanoparticles/graphene/chitosan nanocomposite film

The bionanocomposite film consisting of glucose oxidase/Pt/functional graphene sheets/chitosan (GOD/Pt/FGS/chitosan) for glucose sensing is described. With the electrocatalytic synergy of FGS and Pt nanoparticles to hydrogen peroxide, a sensitive biosensor with a detection limit of 0.6 μM glucose was achieved. The biosensor also has good reproducibility, long-term stability and negligible interfering signals from ascorbic acid and uric acid comparing with the response to glucose. The large surface area and good electrical conductivity of graphene suggests that graphene is a potential candidate as a sensor material. The hybrid nanocomposite glucose sensor provides new opportunity for clinical diagnosis and point-of-care applications.     

Fabrication of a non-enzymatic glucose sensor field-effect transistor based on vertically-oriented ZnO nanorods modified with Fe2O3

Herein, we report a non-enzymatic glucose sensor field-effect transistor (FET) based on vertically-oriented zinc oxide nanorods modified with iron oxide (Fe₂O₃-ZNRs). Compared with ZnO-based non-enzymatic glucose sensors, which show poor sensing performances, modification of ZnO with Fe₂O₃ dramatically enhances the sensing behavior of the fabricated non-enzymatic FET glucose sensor due to the excellent electrocatalytic nature of Fe₂O₃. The fabricated non-enzymatic FET sensor showed excellent catalytic activity for glucose detection under optimized conditions with a linear range up to 18 mM, detection limits down to ~ 12 μM, excellent selectivity, good reproducibility and long-term stability. Moreover, the fabricated FET sensor detected glucose in freshly drawn mouse whole blood and serum samples. The developed FET sensor has practical applications in real samples and the solution-based synthesis process is cost effective.     

One‐Step Electrodeposition of NiCo2S4 Nanosheets on Patterned Platinum Electrodes for Non‐Enzymatic Glucose Sensing

The preparation of NiCo₂S₄ (NCS) nanosheets on photolithographically patterned platinum electrodes by electrodeposition was explored. The as‐prepared nanosheets were systematically characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The NCS‐modified Pt electrode was used as a non‐enzymatic glucose sensor. The sensor response exhibited two linear regions in glucose concentration, with a limit of detection of 1.2 μm . The sensors showed that the as‐prepared NCS nanosheets have excellent electrocatalytic activity towards glucose with long stability, good reproducibility, and excellent anti‐interference properties, and thus, this material holds promise for the development of a practical glucose sensor.