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普通累积法处理物理实验数据 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍普通累积法,并用普通累积法处理实验数据中的一元线性回归问题,与传统的最小二乘法拟合直线比较,普通累积法不必对实验数据作任何假设,因此更具实用性。 相似文献
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共振法和相位法可以测量声速,本文使用逐差法处理实验数据以减小实验中的随机误差和仪器误差。实验中测量的物理量较多,人工处理数据比较繁琐,且容易出错。因此,本文使用Matlab软件和逐差法处理数据。把测量的实验数据和仪器不确定度输入Excel表格中,然后把Excel文件引入到Matlab软件中,运行逐差法计算的程序后可以直接得到声速,以及测量的百分差和相对不确定度,处理过程快捷精确。经过计算发现:相位法测量声速的百分差略低于共振法测量声速的百分差。 相似文献
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介绍了用作图法处理牛顿环测透镜曲率半径实验数据的方法.利用Origin软件实现了对实验数据的计算、绘图和拟合,简化了实验数据的处理过程,减少了数据处理过程中的误差. 相似文献
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可溶性固形物含量(SSC)是决定鲜桃风味和品质的重要成分。高光谱影像的特征提取为无损检测可溶性固形物含量提供了数据基础和方法路径。先前的研究表明,基于多光谱、荧光谱、近红外光谱、电子鼻的水果内部品质评估取得较好的结果。但是,由于缺少多特征融合,从而限制了水果品质的精准估测。为此,提出了一种基于堆栈自动编码器-粒子群优化支持向量回归(SAE-PSO-SVR)模型预测鲜桃可溶性固形物含量。首先,利用高光谱影像提取光谱信息、空间信息及空-谱融合信息。其次,设置普适性堆栈自动编码器(SAE)提取光谱信息、空间信息及空-谱融合信息的深层特征。最后,将深层特征作为粒子群优化支持向量回归(PSO-SVR)模型的输入数据进行鲜桃可溶性固形物含量的预测。其中,对于光谱信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了453-300-200-100-40, 453-350-250-150-50, 453-350-250-100-60的三个隐含层结构。对于空间信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了894-700-500-300-50, 894-650-350-200-80, 894-800-700-500-100的三个隐含层结构。对于融合信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了1347-800-400-200-40, 1347-750-550-400-100, 1347-700-500-360-150的三个隐含层结构。实验结果表明,对于输入数据分别为光谱信息、空间信息及融合信息的SAE模型,结构为453-300-200-100-40, 894-800-700-500-100和1347-750-550-400-100的模型效果较好,而且基于融合信息的模型预测精度明显优于基于光谱信息或者图像信息的模型。为了验证模型的普适性,利用结构为1347-750-550-400-100的SAE模型提取融合信息的深层特征估测不同品种鲜桃的可溶性固形物含量并进行可视化。结果表明,基于结构为1237-650-310-130的SAE-PSO-SVR模型预测效果最好(R2=0.873 3, RMSE=0.645 1)。因此,所提出的SAE-PSO-SVR模型提高了鲜桃可溶性固形物含量的估计精度,为鲜桃的其他成分检测提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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Tse JS Klug DD Tulk CA Svensson EC Swainson I Shpakov VP Belosludov VR 《Physical review letters》2000,85(15):3185-3188
Incoherent-inelastic neutron scattering data are obtained from 5-80 K for high-density amorphous (hda) ice in the region 0-135 cm(-1). An excess contribution to the vibrational density of states is identified near 20 cm(-1). The origin of these vibrations has been identified by lattice dynamics calculations on an "experimental" structure derived from reverse Monte Carlo analysis of hda ice neutron diffraction data. An interpretation that localized oscillations of short chains and isolated water molecules are responsible for the excess low-frequency modes is consistent with our data. 相似文献
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By using a semiconductor optical amplifier backward injected by a dark-optical-comb pulse train at 10 GHz, we demonstrate a 10 Gbit/s all-optical nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) to return-to-zero (RZ) format conversion of an incoming optical pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) data stream. Both the polarity and the wavelength of data are conserved during format conversion. Without any pre-amplification, the extinction ratio of degraded optical NRZ PRBS data is greatly improved from 7.13 to 13.6 dB after NRZ-to-RZ conversion. An ultralow bit-error rate of 10(-12) at a data rate as high as 10 Gbits/s is obtained with a received optical power of -18.3 dBm. The converted RZ PRBS data exhibit a negative power penalty of >3.7 dB compared with the NRZ PRBS data at a bit-error rate of 10(-12). 相似文献
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An OC-192 optical return-to-zero- (RZ-) formatted OR logic gate is experimentally demonstrated and theoretically interpreted for the first time to our knowledge. It is implemented by using a data format converter based on an optically injection-locked Fabry-Perot laser diode (FPLD) modulated in below-threshold condition. By injecting two non-return-to-zero data streams into the FPLD-based OR gate, a peak-power-equalized RZ-formatted OR logic data stream extinction ratio of >8 dB is obtained from the FPLD with optimized rf-modulating and optical injecting powers of 24.7 and >-4 dBm, respectively. The highest data rate of up to 12.5 Gbits/s with a bit error rate (BER) of 10(-13) at a received optical power of >-16 dBm can be achieved by increasing the dc bias current of the FPLD-based RZ-formatted OR logic gate to 8 mA. The OR-gated RZ data stream exhibits a duty cycle (pulse width) of approximately 27% (27 ps) and a 0.5 dB power penalty at a BER of 10(-9) at a data rate of 9.953 Gbits/s. 相似文献
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依据单元非成像型光谱辐射计的特点,提出了一种单元非成像型红外光谱辐射计的成像光谱数据获取系统.该系统采用在光谱辐射计前端加装扣描装置.结合同步控制器,实现光谱辐射计的空间扫描.利用光谱辐射计提供的接口,完成了采集获得的成像光谱数据的批量定标.该系统可达到500×500像素的空间分解能力,光谱范围667~5 000 cm-1,光谱分辨率为1 cm-1,空间视场角为150°,瞬时视场角为0.3°.将该系统应用于实际的场景光谱数据获取,通过对得到的实验数据分析和比较,说明本文给出的基于非成像光谱辐射计的成像数据获取系统,能够实现实际场景的成像光谱数据获取,能够满足实时性要求不太高的成像光谱数据获取. 相似文献
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为了减少虚拟环境下大数据运行时间,数据运行时能够反映出一定的规律性和特殊的分类性,需要对虚拟环境下大数据进行智能并行聚类。当前大数据聚类方法是根据K-均值聚类方法不断地进行大数据样本分类的调整,经过多次计算调整后达到数据并行聚类的效果,但每当有新的大数据流入时,都需要对当前全部数据进行K-均值聚类,计算过程复杂,聚类效率低。为此,提出了一种基于MapReduce的虚拟环境下大数据智能并行聚类方法。首先在虚拟环境下大数据中抽取小规模数据集并确定大数据簇的质心,采用Single法对所抽样的小规模数据进行聚类,获得虚拟环境下大数据属性的均值,利用最小距离分类规则将大数据属性的均值快速地向数据簇的真实中心移动,依据Davies-bouldin指标假设一个数据簇离散度参数,在此参数值中选出大数据智能并行聚类相似度最大值,最后利用聚类相似度最大值得到Davies-bouldin指数,以Davies-bouldin指数为基础将多个类别的质心间距以及聚类离散度指定阈值合并为一个类并进行迭代计算,得到数据最佳聚类中心位置,由此完成虚拟环境下大数据智能并行聚类。仿真实验结果证明,所提方法提高了大数据智能并行聚类的灵活性和普遍适用性,减少了聚类时间,并适合应用于教育技术领域,不仅可以使教育技术网络数据更加合理化,而且更加规范化。 相似文献
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磷烷分子的基频和低泛频吸收谱线强度在对该分子定量检测应用以及天文观测中是基本的参考数据。文章探讨了高分辨傅里叶变换光谱方法研究气体样品吸收线型的基本原理,并通过实验测量以及程序拟合谱线线型,得到了磷烷分子在1950~2480cm-1波段的5个吸收带以及3280~3580cm-1波段的4个吸收带中的1760条谱线线强度,经分析其结果误差在±6%左右。 相似文献
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H.P.F. Gies S.T. Gibson D.G. McCoy A.J. Blake B.R. Lewis 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》1981,26(6):469-481
Experimental oscillator strengths and predissociation linewidths have been derived from equivalent width measurements at room temperature for the (11-0) to (15-0) Schumann-Runge bands of molecular oxygen, and at low temperature for the (15-0) to (19-0) bands, using the Adelaide 6 m vacuum ultraviolet monochromator operated at a resolution of 0.006 nm. Photometric methods were used to measure the ultraviolet absorption for 40 groups of ratational lines, and the resulting data were interpreted using a curve of growth type of analysis to give oscillator strengths and pre-dissociation linewidths. The variation of the oscillator strengths with N? within each band was found to agree well with the theoretical predictions of Allison, while the mean band oscillator strengths derived from the results are in good agreement with previous measurements. The results demonstrate the need for accurate data about multiplet line splittings. A revised analysis of previous data for the (7-0) to (14-0) bands is also presented. 相似文献
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The OD infrared spectrum, emitted in a flame of deuterium and oxygen, has been recorded for the first time in the 2-μm spectral range with a Fourier Transform spectrometer. A simultaneous fit of the ir 2-0, 3-1, 4-2, 5-3, 3-0, 4-1 vibration-rotation bands, of the uv data (0-0, 1-1, 2-2, 0–1 bands of the A2Σ+ → X2Π transition) and of the microwave data, gives accurate molecular constants for the ground-state vibrational levels up to v = 5. The classical “unique perturber approach” and the effective Hamiltonian of Brown for 2Π states, have been successively used for the reduction of the spectroscopic data. 相似文献
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Pritchett TM Sun W Guo F Zhang B Ferry MJ Rogers-Haley JE Shensky W Mott AG 《Optics letters》2008,33(10):1053-1055
The singlet excited-state lifetime of a terpyridyl platinum(II) pentynyl complex was determined to be 268+/-87 ps by fitting femtosecond transient absorption data, the triplet excited-state lifetime was found to be 62 ns by fitting nanosecond transient absorption decay data, and the triplet quantum yield was measured to be 0.16. A ground-state absorption cross section of 2.5 x 10(-19) cm(2) at 532 nm was deduced from UV-vis absorption data. Excited-state absorption cross sections of 3.5 x 10(-17) cm(2) (singlet) and 4.5 x 10(-17) cm(2) (triplet) were obtained by using a five-level dynamic model to fit open-aperture Z scans at picosecond and nanosecond pulse widths and a variety of pulse energies. 相似文献