A位掺杂对La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3（x=0.25,0.5,0.75）相分离及输运性质的影响

采用固相反应法制备La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品,研究其磁性质和电磁输运特性.X射线衍射表明,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品室温的晶体结构呈Pnma空间群的正交结构.磁化强度-电阻(M～T)关系显示,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)的居里温度TC随Pr掺杂量增加而逐渐降低,三种样品分别为160K、150K、100K.此外,随着Pr3+掺杂量增加,样品晶格畸变程度增大,铁磁相互作用减弱,并且三种成分均形成自旋玻璃态,其自旋冻结温度分别为150K、75K、70K.电阻-温度(ρ～T)关系表明,样品在x=0.25时出现电阻的双峰现象,这是由于样品中铁磁相与反铁磁相相互竞争造成的.结果表明,通过对钙钛矿锰氧化物的A位稀土掺杂,可对其CMR效应进行有效调控.     

Ru掺杂La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1Mn1-xRuxO3的磁性和输运性质

利用固相反应法制备了Ru掺杂La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1Mn1-xRuxO3(x=0～0.06)的多晶样品,探讨了Ru掺杂对体系结构,输运性质以及磁电阻的影响.多晶X射线衍射证实所有样品均保持简单立方钙钛矿结构.通过零场冷却(ZFC)和加场冷却(FC)下的磁化曲线的测量发现随温度降低样品发生了顺磁(PM)到铁磁(FM)的相变,且样品的居里温度(Tc)随Ru掺杂发生了显著的变化,从x=0.00时的306.7K,下降到x=0.02时的294.3K,紧接着又上升到x=0.04时的302.4K.测得居里温度明显高于La0.7Ca0.2Ba0.1Mn1-xMoxO3体系,而且其磁性也大为增强.由零场和外加磁场H=1T测量得到样品的ρ～T曲线表明随温度降低样品同时发生了从绝缘体到金属的转变,绝缘体-金属转变温度低于相应的居里温度.适量的Ru掺杂降低了样品的电阻率,增强了低温时的磁电阻.     

La1-xPrxCrO3纳米晶的结构和磁性质

我们用柠檬酸溶胶凝胶法成功制备了Pr掺杂La1-xPrxCrO3(x=0～0.6)纳米晶.在硝酸盐溶液中加入柠檬酸作为螯合剂,乙二醇为分散剂,得到干凝胶并在烧结温度为600 ℃时获得纯相钙钛矿结构纳米晶粉体,颗粒直径大约为40 nm且大小分布均匀.La0.5Pr0.5CrO3在场冷条件下的磁化强度以及在7K时的磁滞回线的测量结果表明,在260 K表现出顺磁到反铁磁转变,在200 K时磁化率达到最大值,随后磁化率随着温度的降低而急剧减小,在大约94 K的时候磁化率为0,随着温度的进一步降低,磁化率为负值.     

相分离体系Nd1-xSrxCoO3的亚铁磁行为

研究了Nd1-xSrxCoO3(0.1≤x≤0.5)系列多晶样品在低温时的亚铁磁行为.通过传统的固相反应法合成了Nd1-xSrxCoO3多晶样品,应用物理性质测试系统对样品进行了直流磁化强度、磁滞回线的测试.磁化强度的研究表明,随掺杂量增加,团簇的数目和尺寸都在增加,铁磁性增强.同时,多晶样品在低温时形成亚铁磁序.磁滞回线的研究表明,Nd离子与Co离子之间存在磁性耦合.由于Co与Nd的反平行排列,Nd1-xSrxCoO3体系低温时出现亚铁磁序.     

层钙钛矿Nd_(1.05)Eu_(0.15)Sr_(1.8)Mn_2O_7的类Griffiths相研究

采用传统固相反应法制备了Nd_(1.05)Eu_(0.15)Sr_(1.8)Mn_2O_7多晶样品.通过测量样品磁化强度随温度(M-T)和外场(M-H)的变化曲线,得出样品在整个测量温区内随温度降低经历了多次磁转变:样品在类Griffiths相温度(TG≈261K)以上,处于纯顺磁态;在TG以下可能存在类Griffiths相;在三维铁磁有序温度T3D(≈87K)和TG之间,表现为铁磁-顺磁共存态;在奈尔温度TN(≈60K)与T3D温区内,样品铁磁性随温度降低而增强;当低于TN时,样品中铁磁性和反铁磁性相互作用竞争,表现出类团簇自旋玻璃的行为.     

钙钛矿结构La1-xSrxCoO3(x=0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)样品的铁磁相变和绝缘-金属转变

利用固相反应法及溶胶凝胶法我们制备了多晶La1-xSrxCoO3(x=0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)样品.X射线衍射谱表明,La1-xSrxCoO3样品呈ABO3型钙钛矿结构,晶格常数随着x的增加而增大.与钙钛矿结构的锰氧化物类似,电阻率随温度变化以及磁化强度随温度变化的关系强烈依赖于掺杂浓度.x=0.7和0.8的样品在低温下显示铁磁性,而x=0.9和1.0的样品磁化强度随温度变化没有显示铁磁转变.电阻率随温度的变化似乎与磁化率测量相对应,在x=0.8和0.9样品之间存在绝缘-金属转变.     

钙钛矿型锰氧化物(La_(0.8)Eu_(0.2))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7的磁性和电性研究

采用传统固相反应法制备钙钛矿型锰氧化物(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7多晶样品,X-射线衍射分析表明,样品(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7结构呈现良好的单相.通过磁化强度随温度的变化曲线(M-T)、不同温度下磁化强度随磁场的变化曲线(M-H)和电子自旋共振谱发现:在300 K以下,随着温度的降低,样品先后经历了二维短程铁磁有序转变(T2D C≈282K)、三维长程铁磁有序转变(T3D C≈259K)、奈尔转变(T N≈208K)和电荷有序转变(T CO≈35K);样品(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7在T N以下,主要处于反铁磁态;在T3D C达到370 K时,样品处于铁磁-顺磁共存态,在370 K以上时样品进入顺磁态.此外,分析电阻率随温度的变化曲线(ρ-T)得到:样品在金属-绝缘转变温度(T P≈80K)附近出现最大磁电阻值,其位置远离T3D C,表现出非本征磁电阻现象,其磁电阻值约为61%.在T CO以下,电阻率出现明显增长,这是由于温度下降使原本在高温部分巡游的e g电子开始自发局域化增强所致.通过对(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7的ρ-T曲线拟合,发现样品在高温部分的导电方式基本遵循小极化子的导电方式.     

混合场中 (Pr1－yNdy)2/3Sr1/3MnO3体系磁转变行为研究

对(Pr1-yNdy)2/3Sr1/3MnO3(y=2/8,4/8,6/8)体系在42K—300K温度范围内混合场（即交流驱动场Hac与附加直流磁场H dc的叠加）下的磁转变行为进行了系统的实验研究. 结果表明，随着外加直流磁场强 度的增大，样品的直流磁化强度增大，交流磁化率逐渐减小；在混合场作用下，磁转变温度 （居里温度）附近样品交流磁化率的实部出现一个特征的尖峰. 对于(Pr1-yNdy)2/3Sr1/3MnO3体系，随着Nd掺杂量的增加，交流磁化率实部 的相对变化 (Eχ′=Δχ′/χ′dc)的峰值对应的温度降低，这一点与该系 统的磁电阻的变化规律一致. 对锰氧化物体系在混合场中的磁转变现象进行了讨论. 关键词： 锰氧化物 混合场 磁特性     

纳米多晶La0.7Sr0.3MnO3－δ的输运性质和磁电阻效应研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米多晶La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3-δ(LSM)块体样品.详细研究了在不同烧结温度下的LSM样品电阻率随测量温度的变化关系和磁电阻效应.随着测量温度从室温降低,电阻率ρ都在250K附近存在最大值,低于该温度后,样品表现为金属导电特性,随后在50K左右存在一极小值.即随着温度从50K左右降低到4.2K,ρ反而逐渐升高,表现为绝缘体性的导电特性.研究表明,在低温下(<50K),ρ随温度降低而升高的现象与隧穿效应的理论模型(lnρ∝T^1/2)符合得很好,表明这种现象是由于传导电子在通过邻近LSM晶粒间表面/界面层时的隧道效应所致.而在50—250K的温度范围内,其电阻率与T²成正比,表现为LSM本征的金属导电特性.因此这种低温下电阻率的极小值现象来源于隧穿效应和LSM晶粒本征的金属导电特性的相互竞争.本文还详细研究了相应的隧道磁电阻效应. 关键词： 0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3-δ')" href="#">多晶La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO_3-δ 隧道效应 隧道磁电阻效应     

烧结温度对La0.1Sr0.9TiO3陶瓷热电性能的影响

利用传统固相反应方法, 分别在1440℃, 1460℃, 1480℃和1500℃烧结条件下, 制备了钙钛矿结构的La_0.1Sr_0.9TiO₃陶瓷样品. 样品的粉末X射线衍射结果显示, 不同烧结温度的La_0.1Sr_0.9TiO₃ 陶瓷样品均为单相的正交结构. 从样品的扫描电子显微照片来看, 随着烧结温度的增加, 平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增大. 在室温至800℃的测试温区, 测试了样品的电阻率和Seebeck系数, 系统地研究了不同烧结温度对样品热电性能的影响. 结果表明, 样品的电阻率在测试温区内随着测试温度的升高先略微降低, 然后逐渐升高;总体来看, 样品的电阻率随烧结温度的升高先增大后降低. 在测试温区内, Seebeck系数均为负值, 表明样品的载流子为电子; 随着测试温度的升高, Seebeck系数绝对值均有所增大;随烧结温度升高, Seebeck系数绝对值逐渐增大后显著降低. 1480℃制备的样品因其相对较低的电阻率和相对较高的Seebeck系数绝对值, 在165℃时得到最大的功率因子21 μW·K^-2·cm^-1.     

Magnetization and torque measurements on Nd2Fe14B single crystals

Magnetization and torque measurements on single crystal specimens of Nd₂Fe₁₄B have been carried out. The magnetization values measured always in the direction of easy magnetization and those in the [001] direction have been precisely determined at temperatures from 4.2K to 600K with a superconducting magnet up to 52.65 kOe. Below the spin reorientation temperature 135K, the magnetization value of the direction of easy magnetization increases anomalously with decreasing temperature. The direction of easy magnetization tilts from the [001] axis to the [110] axis and this tilt angle has been also precisely determined by torque measurement in the temperature range below the spin reorientation temperature. The four-fold symmetry in torque curve for the (001) plane is continously observed at even up to near room temperature and the [110] direction of easy magnetization and the [100] direction of hard magnetization do not change below and above the spin reorientation temperature.     

Magnetic and magneto-transport investigations of Co37Ni34Al29 alloy

Ferromagnetic shape memory alloy with nominal composition Co₃₇Ni₃₄Al₂₉ is investigated by transport and magnetic measurements. The anomaly due to the martensitic transition is observed around 130-210 K. The thermal hysteresis, observed due to martensitic transition in the dc magnetization versus temperature data, gets suppressed at higher applied field. Below 50 K, magnetization varies with temperature perfectly as T^3/2, which signifies that spin wave excitations are largely responsible for thermal demagnetization. The sample shows small negative magneto-resistance, which varies non-monotonically with temperature showing largest value at around 200 K.     

La0.3Sr0.7CrO3钙钛矿化合物高压合成和物性

 采用高压高温方法合成了单相的带宽调控型La_0.3Sr_0.7CrO₃ Mott化合物,对其晶体结构和磁学性质进行了研究。结果表明：La_0.3Sr_0.7CrO₃化合物具有立方钙钛矿晶体结构,温度在170 K以上其磁性为顺磁性,满足居里-外斯定律,温度低于20.7 K发生了自旋玻璃转变。     

A magnetic, magnetostrictive and Mössbauer study of Tb0.3Dy0.7−xPrx(Fe0.9Al0.1)1.95 alloys

The effect of Pr substitution for Dy on the magnetization, magnetostriction, anisotropy and spin reorientation of a series of Tb_0.3Dy_0.7−xPr_x(Fe_0.9Al_0.1)_1.95 alloys (x=0, 0.1, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35) at room temperature has been investigated. It was found that the magnetization and magnetostriction of the homogenized Tb_0.3Dy_0.7−xPr_x(Fe_0.9Al_0.1)_1.95 alloys decreases drastically with increasing x and the magnetostrictive effect disappears for x>0.2, but the spontaneous magnetostriction λ₁₁₁ increases approximately linearly with increasing x. Moreover, the magnetostriction exhibits slightly bigger value at x=0.1 than the free alloys and is saturated more easily with the magnetic field H, showing that a small amount of Pr substitution is beneficial to a decrease in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The analysis of the Mössbauer spectra indicated that the easy magnetization direction in the {1 1 0} plane deviates slightly from the main axis of symmetry with Pr concentration x, namely spin reorientation. Comparing with the Al substitution, the effect of Pr substitution for Dy on the spin reorientation is smaller.     

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of Mn5G3-xGax

We report on the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of Mn_5Ge_{3-x}Ga_x compounds with x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.9. All samples crystallize in the hexagonal Mn_5Si_3-type structure with space group P6_3/mcm and order ferromagnetically. The Curie temperature of these compounds decreases with increasing x, from 306K (x=0.1) to 274K (x=0.9). The average Mn magnetic moments increases with increasing Ga content, reaching a maximum value at x=0.6. The magnetic entropy changes in these compounds are determined from the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization using the thermodynamic Maxwell relation. The Ga substitution has two kinds of influence on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of Mn_5Ge_3. One is that the magnitude of the magnetic entropy change decreases, the other is that the MCE peak becomes broadened.     

Infrared optical response of YBa2Cu3O7 and PrBa2Cu3O7 An ellipsometric study

Ellipsometry was used to study (110) and (001) oriented films of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ and PrBa₂Cu₃O₇ in the mid-and near-infrared spectral regions. Below a photon energy of 0.1 eV, the in-plane component of the dielectric tensor of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ is dominated by a Drude term with a squared plasma energy of (3.0 ± 0.3) eV². This “oscillator strength”, and the Lorentzian broadening energy of (0.104 ± 0.005) eV at room temperature, are confirmed by the changes induced in Pr-substituted material, and by low-temperature measurements in the near-infrared. The deviation from the Drude behavior observed above 0.1 eV is accounted for by a broad absorption band with an oscillator strength of (3.6 ± 0.1) eV² in YBa₂Cu₃O₇ which shifts to higher energies and takes over almost all of the oscillator strength of the Drude term when Y is substituted by Pr. The response to electric fields perpendicular to the planes is much weaker, with an upper bound of 0.63 eV² for the squared plasma energy. The in-plane loss function computed from the measured dielectric function follows the Drude-like lineshape, modified by the bound-state absorption band, down to the lowest energy reached in our measurements (0.058 eV).     

Physical properties of nitrogenated RFe11Ti intermetallic compounds (R=Ce, Pr and Nd) with ThMn12-type structure

Iron-rich ternary intermetallics RFe₁₁Ti (R=Ce, Pr and Nd) with a ThMn₁₂-type structure and their nitrides RFe₁₁TiN_x (x≈1.5) were carefully prepared. After characterizing them by metallographic and microscopic analyses, we studied structural and magnetic properties of the mother compounds and their nitrides. The lattice expansion due to nitrogenation is mainly along the c-axis for the Pr and Nd systems, while that is mainly along the a-axis for the Y system. The lattice expansion of the Ce system is isotropic but the volume expansion is the largest, indicating that the Ce-4f electron state dramatically changes upon nitrogen uptake. The Curie temperature, T_C, increases by 200 K reaching T_C≈720 K for the Pr and Nd system. The saturation magnetization, M_S, increases ≈ 10% by nitrogenation and reaches 1.8–1.9 T at 4.2 K and 1.5 T at 300 K for Pr and Nd systems. The anisotropy field, υ₀H_A is estimated to be more than 20 T at 4.2 K and 7 T at 300 K. The improvement of magnetic properties upon nitrogenation is briefly discussed in terms of the calculated band structure. The results obtained at 300 K indicate that the Pr and Nd nitrides are promising as permanent magnetic application.     

Magnetic properties of ternary rare-earth compounds of the type R2Fe14B

Ternary tetragonal compounds of the composition R₂Fe₁₄B were observed for R = Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu. The lattice constants and the X-ray density of these compounds were determined. Also determined were the magnetic properties, comprising the temperature dependence of the magnetization in the range 4.2–700 K and the field dependence of the magnetization at 4.2 K in fields up to 20 T. These latter measurements were made in two mutually perpendicular directions, making it possible to determine the anisotropy fields. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy was found to consist of contributions due to the Fe and rare-earth sublattice, respectively.     

Magnetic properties of CeB6 single crystal

Magnetic measurements of CeB₆ have been made in fields up to 80 kOe at temperatures up to 1000 K. Below 2.3 K, each magnetization vs field curve shows several critical points depending on the direction of field, but between 2.3 and 3 K, the curve is smooth. Above about 3 K, the magnetization curve has a break point at a certain field which increases monotonically with increasing temperature. The paramagnetic susceptibility has been analysed by assuming appropriate values of crystal-field splitting and exchange interactions. From these results, a magnetic phase diagram for CeB₆ has been proposed.     

赝二元化合物Dy(Fe0.9M0.1)2(M=B,Al,Ga)的磁性研究

研究了赝二元化合物Dy(Fe_0.9M_0.1)₂(M=B,Al,Ga)的磁性。M对Fe的置换,使居里温度下降,Fe原子的磁矩改变。矫顽力随温度的降低,增加很快,增加的幅度与M有关。磁化强度的温度关系,在磁场小于临界值时,出现反常和热磁效应。用Fe原子局域环境的变迁和低温下内禀磁硬度的急剧增加,解释了上述现象。 关键词：