Linear Stability of Pipe Poiseuille Flow at High Reynolds Number Regime

In this paper, we prove the linear stability of the pipe Poiseuille flow for general perturbations at high Reynolds number regime. This has been a long-standing problem since the experiments of Reynolds in 1883. Our work lays a foundation for the theoretical analysis of hydrodynamic stability of pipe flow, which is one of the oldest yet unsolved problems in fundamental fluid dynamics. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.     

Linear and nonlinear response of pipeline suspension bridge due to moving fluid

Basing on the nonlinear dynamic model of flexible pipeline suspended by spatial system of cables, described in Ref. [1], the linear and nonlinear vibrations are investigated in order to estimate the nonlinear effects. The model is based on substructure technique and formulated including features specific to analyzed structure, for example large displacements and time dependent parameters appearing in equations of motion due to fluid flowing inside the pipeline. Due to the fact that modelling problem for the analyzed structure is one's own complicated, a simple case when the conveying fluid is idealized simply as a ballast moving inside the pipe is considered. This paper presents a short numerical analysis of linear and nonlinear, static and dynamic response of exemplary structure for three different cases: during filling the pipe with fluid, when the pipeline is completely filled and during emptying the pipe. Moreover, for the linear problem, the influence of a speed of the fluid on the stability of the pipeline suspension bridge is investigated. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Dynamical analysis of spinning functionally graded pipes conveying fluid with multiple spans

In this paper, a dynamical model of spinning multi-span pipes conveying fluid is proposed and the transverse natural and resonant frequencies and mode characteristics of such system are explored. The pipe body is considered to be composed of functionally graded materials (FGMs), in which a power law is used to govern the distribution of material properties along the pipe wall thickness. The partial differential equations (PDEs) governing two transverse motions of the pipe are derived by the extended Hamilton principle, in which the contributions of the FGM and intermediate supports are highlighted. The PDEs are discretized by the Galerkin procedure and the eigensystem theorem is applied to find the numerical solutions. The results show that various frequency characteristics can be attainable by use of different materials and mixing patterns. Attachments of intermediate supports can heighten the rigidity and improve the stability of spinning FG pipes conveying fluid, which are consequently used as “stabilizers” for the slender drill strings. Also, the mode characteristics of different spans will determine the locations of vibration amplitude of the pipes.     

On the boundaries of the parametric resonance domain

The problem of stability for a system of linear differential equations with coefficients which are periodic in time and depend on the parameters is considered. The singularities of the general position arising at the boundaries of the stability and instability (parametric resonance) domains in the case of two and three parameters are listed. A constructive approach is proposed which enables one, in the first approximation, to determine the stability domain in the neighbourhood of a point of the boundary (regular or singular) from the information at this point. This approach enables one to eliminate a tedious numerical analysis of the stability region in the neighbourhood of the boundary point and can be employed to construct the boundaries of parametric resonance domains. As an example, the problem of the stability of the oscillations of an articulated pipe conveying fluid with a pulsating velocity is considered. In the space of three parameters (the average fluid velocity and the amplitude and frequency of pulsations) a singularity of the boundary of the stability domain of the “dihedral angle” type is obtained and the tangential cone to the stability domain is calculated.     

Stability theory for a two-dimensional channel

A scheme for deriving conditions for the nonlinear stability of an ideal or viscous incompressible steady flow in a two-dimensional channel that is periodic in one direction is described. A lower bound for the main factor ensuring the stability of the Reynolds–Kolmogorov sinusoidal flow with no-slip conditions (short wavelength stability) is improved. A condition for the stability of a vortex strip modeling Richtmyer–Meshkov fluid vortices (long wavelength stability) is presented.     

Fluid-structure interaction of an elastic pipe immersed in a coaxial rigid pipe: a model for the Tullio Phenomenon

An axisymmetric, elastic pipe is filled with an incompressible fluid and is immersed in a second, coaxial rigid pipe which contains the same fluid. A pressure pulse in the outer fluid annulus deforms the elastic pipe which invokes a fluid motion in the fluid core. It is the aim of this study to investigate streaming phenomena in the core which may originate from such a fluid-structure interaction. This work presents a numerical solver for such a configuration. It was developed in the OpenFOAM software environment and is based on the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach for moving meshes. The solver features a monolithic integration of the one-dimensional, coupled system between the elastic structure and the outer fluid annulus into a dynamic boundary condition for the moving surface of the fluid core. Results indicate that our configuration may serve as a mechanical model of the Tullio Phenomenon (sound-induced vertigo). (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Wave propagation analysis in buried pipe conveying fluid

A study of wave propagation in buried pipe conveying fluid is presented in the paper. The Flüggle shell model is adopted for pipe and surrounding solid is modeled as elastic matrix by using Winkle model. Wave dispersion curves of a buried vacant pipe and a pipe conveying fluid are obtained numerically by considering coupling conditions. Results show that wave velocity exhibits sharp drop points in dispersion curves, and remains to an identical values before and after the points for both of vacant pipe and pipe conveying fluid. Effects of wall thickness, elastic matrix properties and fluid velocity are also discussed.     

On the short-wave nature of Richtmyer–Meshkov instability

In the case of a variable period (wavelength) of a perturbed interface, the instability and stability of Richtmyer–Meshkov vortices in perfect gas and incompressible perfect fluid, respectively, are investigated numerically and analytically. Taking into account available experiments, the instability of the interface between the argon and xenon in the case of a relatively small period is modeled. An estimate of the magnitude of the critical period is given. The nonlinear (for arbitrary initial conditions) stability of the corresponding steady-state vortex flow of perfect fluid in a strip (vertical periodic channel) in the case of a fairly large period is shown.     

Stability analysis of an interface between immiscible liquids in Hele-Shaw flow in the presence of a magnetic field

Hydrodynamic instabilities may occur when a viscous fluid is driven by a less viscous one through a porous medium. These penetrations are common in enhanced oil recovery, dendrite formation and aquifer flow. Recent studies have shown that the use of magnetic suspensions allow the external control of the instability. The problem is nonlinear and some further improvements of both theory and experimental observations are still needed and continue being a current source of investigation. In this paper we present a generalized Darcy law formulation in order to examine the growth of finger instabilities as a magnetic field is applied to the interface between the fluids in a Hele-Shaw cell. A new linear stability analysis is performed in the presence of magnetic effects and provides a stability criterion in terms of the non-dimensional physical parameters of the examined flow and the wavenumber of the finger disturbances. The interfacial tension inhibits small wavelength instabilities. The magnetic field contributes to the interface stability for moderate wavelength as it is applied parallel to the liquid-interface. In particular, we find an explicit expression, as a function of the susceptibility, for a critical angle between the interface and the magnetic field direction, in which its effect on the interface is neutral. We have developed a new asymptotic solution for the flow problem in a weak nonlinear regime. The first correction captures the second order nonlinear effects of the magnetic field, which tends to align the fingers with the field orientation and have a destabilizing effect. The analysis predicts that the non-linear effects at second order can counterbalance the first order stabilizing effect of a parallel magnetic field which results in a loss of effectiveness for controlling the investigated finger instabilities. The relevant physical parameters for controlling these finger instabilities are clearly identified by our non-dimensional analysis.     

Free vibration and stability analysis of a multi-span pipe conveying fluid using exact and variational iteration methods combined with transfer matrix method

In this paper, a new formulation based on the variational iteration method (VIM) is applied to investigate the dynamic behavior and stability of a multi-span pipe conveying fluid. Transfer matrix method (TMM) is used to assemble the system of equations resulting from applying the boundary conditions. The natural frequencies of the pipe system are obtained for different flow velocities. Results from VIM are compared with those predicted by the exact solution method and also with published literature. The influence of the number of spans on the VIM convergence is investigated. Also, the effects induced by varying the value and location of an intermediate elastic support on the critical velocity and stability are studied. It is shown that using VIM yields highly accurate results that are in very well agreement with the exact solution. The main advantage of the VIM is that it successfully overcomes well-known computational difficulties that are usually encountered during complex root finding step maintaining high precision as well.     

Flow of fractal fluid in pipes: Non-integer dimensional space approach

Using a generalization of vector calculus for the case of non-integer dimensional space we consider a Poiseuille flow of an incompressible viscous fractal fluid in the pipe. Fractal fluid is described as a continuum in non-integer dimensional space. A generalization of the Navier–Stokes equations for non-integer dimensional space, its solution for steady flow of fractal fluid in a pipe and corresponding fractal fluid discharge are suggested.     

Modelling the attenuation of laminar fluid transients in piping systems

The damping of laminar fluid transients in piping systems is studied numerically using a two-dimensional water hammer model. The numerical scheme is based on the classical fourth order Runge–Kutta method for time integration and central difference expressions for the spatial terms. The results of the present method show that the damping of transients in piping systems is governed by a non-dimensional parameter representing the ratio of the Joukowsky pressure force to the viscous force. In terms of time scales, this non-dimensional parameter represents the ratio of the viscous diffusion time scale to the pipe period. For small values of this parameter, the damping of the fluid transient becomes more pronounced while for large values, the fluid transient is subjected to insignificant damping. Moreover, the non-dimensional parameter is shown to influence other important transient phenomena such as line packing, instantaneous wall shear stress values and the Richardson annular effect.     

波系在液体中的弹性管梁上的反射和辐射

本文研究入射波系在液体中的半无限弹性管梁的开口端的反射和辐射问题,此波系由管梁上的挠曲波和管内、管外液体中相应的表面波(声波)所组成.利用Fourier变换,将这个半无限问题严格地归结为求解Wiener-Hopf型方程.然后将液体和管梁的密度比作为小参数,用摄动法求近似解.文章着重研究了反射系数的计算,还给出了远场的辐射型式曲线.     

Eulerian and Lagrangian predictions of particulate two-phase flows: a numerical study

To predict particulate two-phase flows, two approaches are possible. One treats the fluid phase as a continuum and the particulate second phase as single particles. This approach, which predicts the particle trajectories in the fluid phase as a result of forces acting on particles, is called the Lagrangian approach. Treating the solid as some kind of continuum, and solving the appropriate continuum equations for the fluid and particle phases, is referred to as the Eulerian approach.Both approaches are discussed and their basic equations for the particle and fluid phases as well as their numerical treatment are presented. Particular attention is given to the interactions between both phases and their mathematical formulations. The resulting computer codes are discussed.The following cases are presented in detail: vertical pipe flow with various particle concentrations; and sudden expansion in a vertical pipe flow. The results show good agreement between both types of approach.The Lagrangian approach has some advantages for predicting those particulate flows in which large particle accelerations occur. It can also handle particulate two-phase flows consisting of polydispersed particle size distributions. The Eulerian approach seems to have advantages in all flow cases where high particle concentrations occur and where the high void fraction of the flow becomes a dominating flow controlling parameter.     

Stability of Fluid Networks with Proportional Routing

In this paper we investigate the stability of a class of two-station multiclass fluid networks with proportional routing. We obtain explicit necessary and sufficient conditions for the global stability of such networks. By virtue of a stability theorem of Dai [14], these results also give sufficient conditions for the stability of a class of related multiclass queueing networks. Our study extends the results of Dai and VandeVate [19], who provided a similar analysis for fluid models without proportional routing, which arise from queueing networks with deterministic routing. The models we investigate include fluid models which arise from a large class of two-station queueing networks with probabilistic routing. The stability conditions derived turn out to have an appealing intuitive interpretation in terms of virtual stations and push-starts which were introduced in earlier work on multiclass networks.     

Coupled numerical simulation and sensitivity assessment for quality modelling for water distribution systems

Sensitivity analysis is an important tool which can be used to investigate the stability of a process perturbed by parameter changes and uncertainty impacts. In this work the unsteady sensitivity equations for complex looped pipe networks are solved. Special attention is focused on the coupled version of these equations, with the direct problem. For this purpose a splitting method using a Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) scheme with very good quality of stability is set up and validated on a benchmark pipe network.     

Investigation of micropolar fluid flow in a helical pipe via asymptotic analysis

In this paper we study the flow of incompressible micropolar fluid through a pipe with helical shape. Pipe’s thickness and the helix step are considered as the small parameter ε. Using asymptotic analysis with respect to ε, the asymptotic approximation is built showing explicitly the effects of fluid microstructure and pipe’s distortion on the velocity distribution. The error estimate for the approximation is proved rigorously justifying the obtained model.     

The optimal shape of a pipe

In shape optimization, recently the question arose, whether or not the cylindrical pipe has the optimal shape for the transport of an incompressible fluid. In this short note, a proof will be presented that a cylindrical pipe with Poiseuille’s flow inside indeed is optimal for the transportation of an incompressible fluid under the criterion “energy dissipated by the fluid.” The proof reduces the problem to the minimization of a two-dimensional Dirichlet’s integral. This simpler problem can be solved with a symmetrization argument.     

输液管道流固耦合非线性动力稳定分析

将弱约束输流管道非定常流液固耦合运动按波-流-振动系统建模成由4个非线性微分方程组成的分析模型,按模态进行分解研究系统在多种耦合状态下具有的运动稳定特性.以悬臂梁管道为例分析了耦合系统奇点的属性,得到了前四阶模态运动的相图.结果说明,多种耦合条件下输流管道的稳定性变得更为复杂,各阶模态运动具有不同的稳定特性.     

Vibrations of Pipes with Internal Flow and Rigid Body Degrees of Freedom

In the present paper the nonlinear dynamics of elastic pipes conveying fluid at arbitrary flow rates are investigated. The nonlinear equations of motion are derived using a unified form of the Lagrange Equations for non-material volumes formulated by Irschik and Holl [1], see also Chapter 3 of [2]. In a first step cantilevered pipes are considered using elastic degrees of freedom combined with a Ritz-Galerkin Ansatz of arbitrary order for modelling the deformations of the pipes. The Lagrange Equations for non-material volumes include a nonzero surface integral of the kinetic energy due to the moving outlet surface at the end of the pipe. The linear equations of motion obtained from this model are then analytically investigated utilizing the corresponding Eigenvalue problem. The results are visualized in an Argand representation of the corresponding Eigenvalues of the system matrix and compared to existing results obtained by using different formulations, such as the Hamilton Principle for Open-Systems, formulated by Benjamin [4], as demonstrated by Païdoussis [5], see also chapter 3.5 of [6]. In a next step an elastic pipe with a rigid body degree of freedom combined with a Ritz-Galerkin Ansatz is modelled with one supported and one free end. The derivation of the equations of motion is performed by using a floating-frame of reference formulation which leads to a system of nonlinear second order differential equations describing the motion of the pipe. Finally, the stability of the solutions of the equations of motion for varying flow rate is studied numerically. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)