电动汽车热泵空调系统混气特性模拟实验研究

基于低温工况下的纯电动汽车热泵空调系统,为降低排气温度、提高换热性能,分别设计了中压、低压混气热泵空调系统,并建立相应系统数学模型,模拟计算系统的排气温度、换热量等主要性能参数,并与实验数据进行对比。研究表明:相对于中压混气热泵空调系统,低压混气热泵空调系统较稳定高效,更能满足电动汽车在低温环境下的需求。     

The effect of electric vehicles on urban noise maps

The electric vehicle is the best-positioned alternative to the ICE conventional vehicle become of, among other reasons, its environment friendly properties. One of its most significant properties is its quiet electric engine which can be a good tool for decreasing noise pollution in cities.     

电动汽车热泵空调系统低温供热实验研究

针对电动汽车热泵空调系统低温供热时性能衰减及融霜效率低的问题,设计了适应于低温供热的热泵空调系统循环,对影响系统性能的各因素进行了实验研究。该系统匹配良好,能适应热泵系统在低温环境下供热。采用合理的控制方法调节系统,能为电动汽车提供良好的乘坐环境。     

Atmospheric electricity model for the planetary electric generator and low-latitude thunderstorm currents

We consider the model problem of atmospheric electricity generation by the combined action of the planetary generator due to nonsolid rotation of the plasmasphere and the current due to low-latitude thunderstorms. The exact solution for this model explains satisfactorily many experimental findings connected with the total electric charge of the planet, the vertical current density, and electric fields in a good weather zone. Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 40, Nos. 1–2, pp. 138–145, January–February, 1997.     

基于BIT技术的电气系统故障诊断方法

以数字化部件为基础,选取某控制系统为电气系统的代表子系统,开展电气系统BIT技术研究。根据子系统的典型故障,给出了相应的故障检测方法,并设计了故障诊断电路。以样机为基础,采用上电BIT、周期BIT和维护BIT三种方式,对系统的典型故障进行了验证。     

Impacts of the transformation of the German energy system on the transmission grid

The German Energiewende, the transformation of the energy system, has deep impacts on all parts of the system. This paper presents an approach that has been developed to simultaneously analyse impacts on the energy system as a whole and on the electricity system in particular. In the analysis, special emphasis is placed on the transmission grid and the efficiency of recommended grid extensions according to the German Network Development Plan. The analysis reveals that the measures in the concept are basically suitable for integrating the assumed high share of renewables in the future electricity system. Whereas a high feed-in from PV will not cause problems in the transmission grid in 2022, congestion may occur in situations with a high proportion of wind feed-in. Moreover, future bottlenecks in the grid are located in the same regions as today.     

基于太阳能电池和超级电容的充电系统

在对超级电容理解和利用太阳能电池给超级电容充电实验的基础上,设计了给手机电池充电的装置.     

高超声速飞行器磁控热防护系统建模分析

针对高超声速飞行器防热, 搭建了螺线管磁控热防护系统的物理模型. 采用低磁雷诺数磁流体数学模型, 分析了外加磁场强度及磁场形态对磁控热防护效果的影响. 对比了三种磁场类型(磁偶极子、螺线管、均布磁场)下磁控热防护效果的差异, 分析了螺线管几何参数对磁控热防护效果的影响. 研究表明, 磁场降低表面热流作用存在“饱和现象”; 三种磁场形态的磁控热防护能力从小到大依次为磁偶极子、螺线管、均布磁场; 相同驻点磁感应强度条件下, 增大螺线管半径有利于提高磁控热防护效果, 缩短螺线管与驻点距离不利于驻点和肩部防热, 螺线管长度对磁控热防护效果影响相对较小.     

基于物联网视觉的大型拥堵车辆调度系统设计

针对道路拥堵车辆调度问题,设计了一种基于物联网视觉的大型拥堵车辆调度系统,分析了系统的总体结构,给出了系统的ZigBee协调器模块、车载传感器节点、图像采集处理模块以及无线传输模块的硬件结构,详细介绍了拥堵车辆调度算法流程,并给出了车辆调度最佳路径算法代码,实现了大型拥堵车辆的有效调度。实验结果说明,所设计系统可获取有效的交通车辆拥堵图像,实现交通拥堵的高效调度。     

Long-term drifts of stray electric fields in a Paul trap

We investigate the evolution of quasi-static stray electric fields in a linear Paul trap over a period of several months. Depending on how these electric fields are initially induced, we observe very different timescales for the field drifts. Photo-induced electric fields decay on timescales of days. We interpret this as photo-electrically generated charges on insulating materials which decay via discharge currents. In contrast, stray fields due to the exposure of the ion trap to a beam of Ba atoms mainly exhibit slow dynamics on the order of months. We explain this observation as a consequence of a coating of the trap electrodes by the atomic beam. This may lead to contact potentials which can slowly drift over time due to atomic diffusion and chemical processes on the surface. In order not to perturb the field evolutions, we suppress the generation of additional charges and atomic coatings in the Paul trap during the measurements. For this, we shield the ion trap from ambient light and only allow the use of near-infrared lasers. Furthermore, we minimize the flux of atoms into the ion trap chamber. Long-term operation of our shielded trap led us to a regime of very low residual electric field drifts of less than 0.03 V/m per day.     

On the lingual organization of the German vowel system.

A hybrid PARAFAC and principal-component model of tongue configuration in vowel production is presented, using a corpus of German vowels in multiple consonant contexts (fleshpoint data for seven speakers at two speech rates from electromagnetic articulography). The PARAFAC approach is attractive for explicitly separating speaker-independent and speaker-dependent effects within a parsimonious linear model. However, it proved impossible to derive a PARAFAC solution of the complete dataset (estimated to require three factors) due to complexities introduced by the consonant contexts. Accordingly, the final model was derived in two stages. First, a two-factor PARAFAC model was extracted. This succeeded; the result was treated as the basic vowel model. Second, the PARAFAC model error was subjected to a separate principal-component analysis for each subject. This revealed a further articulatory component mainly involving tongue-blade activity associated with the flanking consonants. However, the subject-specific details of the mapping from raw fleshpoint coordinates to this component were too complex to be consistent with the PARAFAC framework. The final model explained over 90% of the variance and gave a succinct and physiologically plausible articulatory representation of the German vowel space.     

外电场对弹簧振子系统运动特性的影响

设计了一个受周期驱动带电弹簧振子的实验装置，并建立系统的动力学方程，用线性稳定性分析的方法确定平衡点并分析平衡点的稳定性，利用数值计算并结合多种分析方法求解和判断非线性方程解的各种性质，得到存在电场力作用情况下系统的一些新特性。     

电动汽车高压线束电磁脉冲压接装置的研制及实验

采用铝合金高压线束替代铜合金高压线束可帮助电动汽车减少重量、提高续航和降低成本。针对铝与铜由于金属性质差异难以可靠连接的问题,本文提出采用电磁脉冲压接技术连接铝合金高压线束与铜合金接线端子,并研制了一套适用于两者连接的电磁脉冲压接装置,其最大放电能量为28 kJ。压接过程中,随着放电电压的升高,接线端子表面的温度升高。当放电电压为12 kV时,实现了铝合金高压线束与铜合金接线端子的可靠连接。采用光学显微镜分析连接界面的微观结构,并测试其电气性能和机械性能。分析结果表明:电磁脉冲压接技术可实现铝合金高压线束与接线端子、铝合金芯线之间的冶金结合,且连接界面出现了波纹形貌与涡旋形貌。测试结果显示:接头接触电阻测试、振动测试、拉力负荷测试均满足汽车行业标准和电缆接头国家标准。     

基于B/S架构的嵌入式远程用电管理系统

针对校园中现有用电管理系统的存在的缺陷与弊端,提出了一种基于B/S架构的嵌入式远程用电管理系统的解决方案。系统以ARM-CORTEX-A8为主控板的核心处理器,Linux操作系统为应用程序的运行环境,同时在Linux系统中搭建了嵌入式BOA服务器。系统中使用html语言完成系统与用户的交互页面,并通过CGI技术实现了浏览器与嵌入式服务器的数据交互。为不改变原有建筑电力布线,系统终端采用zigbee无线网络实现远程的用电监控,从而实现远程用电管理系统。为使系统运行效率高,主进程中使用多线程技术完成系统中各任务,系统中使用数据共享内存的方式完成各进程间的数据通信,使用消息队列实现客户端对系统终端设备的控制,系统中通过sqlite3数据库完成所有历史数据的记载。通过系统实验测试,该系统可以正确响应用户需求以及满足校园内所设置的合理用电申请的远程用电管理要求,在安全、节约用电的同时有最大程度的方便了校园内非常规工作需求。     

Stability of an autoparametric pendulum system with impacts

This paper considers a small oscillatory motion of a pendulum suspended on a single-degree-of-freedom system subjected to a narrow band excitation and impacts due to a barrier located at a certain distance from the system?s equilibrium position. The influence of a impacting motion of the single-degree-of-freedom system onto the instability boundaries of the pendulum is investigated. It is demonstrated that the impacting motion significantly changes the shape of the instability domain compared to the traditional one inherent to the Mathieu equation.     

基于多星级网络的智能自适应用电管理系统设计与实现

为提高多密集用电端的用电管理能力,提高电能使用效率达到节能减排,深入研究并设计了一种基于多星级网络的智能自适应用电管理系统。完成了系统的架构规划,重点研究并设计了无线自适应分控系统、多路自适应智能控电系统的数据采集及通信协议和用户软件。应用软件的测试表明,该系统智能化、模块化程度高,市场前景广阔。     

基于FPGA控制ltc6804-2的电池管理系统的研究

为了提高电池管理系统中多块单体电池电压的采集速度与效率,提出了一种基于FPGA控制ltc6804-2的电池管理系统。单个Ltc6804-2里的ADC采集功能仅在20us内就可完成对12块单体电池的电压或电流的采集,并且多块ltc6804-2可进行级联从而可监测系统设备所需的单体电池电压,FPGA通过SPI总线与ltc6804-2实现通信,可快速获取多块单体电池的电压或电流从而可以在其内部实现系统的充放电均衡、荷电状态（SOC）估计等功能,并且精确度高,使整套设备更加简化与可靠,效率更高。本系统可广泛应用于电动汽车或通用航空机上。     

Effect of an electric field on dewetting transition of nitrogen-water system

We investigate the influence of an external electric field on the dewetting behavior of nitrogen-water systems between two hydrophobic plates using molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the critical distance of dewetting increases obviously with the electric field strength, indicating that the effective range of hydrophobic attraction is extended. The mechanism behind this interesting phenomenon is related to the rearrangement of hydrogen bond networks between water molecules induced by the external electric field. Changes in the hydrogen bond networks and in the dipole orientation of the water molecules result in the redistribution of the neutral nitrogen molecules, especially in the region close to the hydrophobic plates. Our findings may be helpful for understanding the effects of the electric field on the long-range hydrophobic interactions.     

Relativistic effects in the bound states of electric charge-dyon system

Study of relativistic effects in the interaction of a spin-1/2 electric charge in the radial field of a spin less point like dyon has been undertaken using Dirac’s relativistic equation. Angular momentum and energy eigen values have been obtained. The deviations of the results from those of hydrogen atom like systems have been discussed.     

Magnetic and electric hyperfine interactions in the system EuSm

Magnetic and electric hyperfine interactions in the system EuSm were investigated with the isomeric 11/2^– state in¹⁴⁵Eu by applying the time-differential perturbed angular distribution (TDPAD) method. The temperature dependence of paramagnetism was studied between 90 K and 1000 K by measuring the magnetic hyperfine interaction frequency _L=g_NN¹ (T)B_ext. The paramagnetic correction factor strictly follows the Curie-Weiss relation =1+C/(T-), withC=–50(2) K and =–29(5) K. This is compatible with a hyperfine field ofB _int(0)=–25(1) T, a valence of two for Eu in Sm, and antiferromagnetic order at low temperatures.The temperature dependence of the electric quandrupole coupling constant v_Q, investigated between 100 K and 400 K, can be reproduced by a linear temperature variation v_Q(T)=v_Q(0) (1-AT), with v_Q(0)=16.2(4) MHz andA=7.2(8)·10^–4 K^–1.The paramagnetic relaxation time _rel of the nuclear alignment is proportional to the temperature of the sample, with _rel T^–1=3.7(2) ·10^–9s K^–1.This leads to the Korringa relation _J T=const=5.1(5)·10^–11s K for the relaxation time of the 4f electronic spinJ. Assuming that the relaxation ofJ is mainly caused by exchange interaction between conduction electrons and localized 4f electrons at the Eu site, an exchange integral of |J _eff|=0.10(2) eV can be deduced.