金纳米粒表面修饰官能团及其影响细胞作用的机制

通过配体交换法,在AuNPs表面分别引入羟基(-OH),羧基(-COOH)和甲基(-CH₃),制备了3种表面修饰官能团的金纳米粒:Au-OH NPs,Au-COOH NPs和Au-CH₃ NPs,其平均粒径为(15.6±3.2)nm,ζ电位均为负值。MTT法对比研究表面修饰和未修饰的AuNPs与HeLa细胞和MCG-803细胞作用后的细胞存活率,当浓度达到197 ng·mL^-1时,表现出低细胞毒性,且顺序为:AuNPs > Au-CH₃ NPs > Au-COOH NPs≈Au-OH NPs。细胞周期研究结果发现,表面未修饰的AuNPs对细胞G2/M期活动有一定的阻滞作用。单个活细胞显微拉曼光谱原位对比研究表面修饰和未修饰的AuNPs与HeLa细胞的作用,结果表明:未修饰的AuNPs和Au-CH₃ NPs与细胞作用的主靶点可能为DNA骨架、碱基和细胞磷脂膜的极性头部,而Au-COOH NPs与Au-OH NPs对这些位点作用轻微。本研究为解释表面修饰-COOH和-OH官能团可降低AuNPs细胞毒性提供了研究证据。     

单个Fe2O3@Au粒子的偏振表面增强拉曼光谱

本文首次报道了单个纺锤形Fe2O3@Au颗粒的偏振相关的SERS光谱, 为研究SERS机理提供了实验依据.     

纳米Eu2O3和Eu3+抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的作用

稀土纳米氧化物和稀土化合物的生物效应已引起人们的广泛关注.利用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT),流式细胞术法和激光共聚焦显微镜初步探讨了纳米Eu2O3和Eu3+对体外培养的人肝癌细胞HepG2生长的影响.结果发现,较低浓度的纳米Eu2O3对细胞生长没有明显影响,浓度达到600μg mL-1作用癌细胞仅24 h,细胞就停止分裂,表现为细胞被阻滞在S期,大量细胞坏死.利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察到纳米Eu2O3能进入活的HepG2细胞中.而Eu3+则在较低含量,即≤100μmol L-1时能较弱地抑制癌细胞的生长,细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期,并诱导细胞发生凋亡.     

α-Fe2O3/C复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用高温固相反应法制备α-Fe2O3/C复合材料,运用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、充放电测试、电化学阻抗谱对其结构和电化学性能进行了表征.充放电测试结果显示,α-Fe2O3/C复合材料循环50周时可逆充电容量为935.3 mAh?g-1,循环性能较商品化α-Fe2O3有显著改善.电化学阻抗谱测试结果显示,α-Fe2O3/C复合材料电极在首次嵌锂过程中分别出现了锂离子通过固体电解质相界面膜(SEI膜)的迁移、材料的电子电导率、电荷传递过程相关的半圆,并详细分析了它们的变化规律.     

凝集素修饰的Fe_2O_3@Au纳米粒子与SW620细胞的相互作用研究

首先采用共沉淀法及交互盐酸羟胺还原法制备Fe_2O_3@Au核壳结构纳米粒子,利用凝集素修饰纳米粒子(Lectin-Fe_2O_3@Au NP),然后通过动态光散射(DLS)/聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳/磁滞回曲线进行表征。利用MTT法测纳米粒子的细胞毒性,将不同浓度的Lectin-Fe_2O_3@Au与结直肠癌SW620细胞相互作用,普鲁士蓝进行染色,使用紫外可见光谱法(UV-Vis)和光学显微镜进行观察。结果表明凝集素修饰的纳米粒子在细胞培养基中能够稳定存在,当纳米粒子浓度为0.72 n M时,结直肠癌SW620细胞的存活率仍高于90%,其作用强度依次为蓖麻凝集素(RCA)-Fe_2O_3@Au麦胚凝集素(WGA)-Fe_2O_3@Au伴刀豆素(Con A)-Fe_2O_3@Au,经过普鲁士蓝染色的细胞可以观察到RCA-Fe_2O_3@Au纳米粒子的存在,表明凝集素RCA具有作为修饰纳米粒子与结直肠癌SW620细胞靶向识别的潜力。     

Fe_2O_3@Au双模态纳米粒子在生物成像中的应用

首先优化共沉淀法合成Fe_2O_3内核,然后利用交互盐酸羟胺还原法在Fe_2O_3内核上覆盖Au壳,得到粒径小于30nm的Fe_2O_3@Au核壳结构纳米粒子。使用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、透射电镜(TEM)及能谱仪(EDS)等方法对Fe_2O_3@Au纳米粒子进行表征,通过MTT法分析细胞毒性。利用核磁共振成像(MRI)及电子计算机X射线断层扫描(CT)造影成像对其性能进行表征。结果表明:5次包Au获得Fe_2O_3@Au纳米粒子的Au与Fe_2O_3摩尔比是1.07∶1,平均粒径为26.22±4.14nm,UV-Vis光谱吸收峰为521nm,0.72nmol/L纳米粒子与SW620人结直肠癌细胞作用24h之后,相对细胞活率高于对照组。驰豫效率为83.75L/(mmol·s),X射线吸收系数比碘高93%,将Fe_2O_3@Au纳米粒子应用于小鼠活体成像实验,结果表明Fe_2O_3@Au对小鼠肿瘤部位的MRI和CT信号均有较好的增强效果。     

α- Fe2O3-TiO2复合晶膜的制备及光催化特性的研究

α-Fe2O3和Ti02均为n型半导体，在紫外光照射下可使亚甲基蓝发生氧化还原反应，使之降解．α-Fe2O3禁带宽度(2．2eV)比Ti02的禁带宽度(3．1eV)小，而其吸收光于的效率大于Ti02，在催化降解亚甲基蓝时表现出比Ti02更高的活性．α-Fe2O3-Ti02复合晶体的光吸收强度要比单一α-Fe2O3晶体的光吸收强度明显增强．在α-Fe2O3中掺入少量Ti02后，在紫外光照射下对亚甲基蓝的降解显示出更高的活性．     

光电催化分解水稳定性达100h的亚稳相β-Fe2O3光阳极

利用半导体光电催化分解水制氢是将太阳能转化为化学能的有效途径之一,具有重要的科学意义和巨大的应用前景.铁基半导体具有光谱响应范围广、绿色环保和价格低廉等优点,是具应用前景的光阳极材料之一.在铁基半导体中,α-Fe2O3光阳极的光电催化性能已经被广泛报道,亚稳相氧化铁的光电催化性能尚未有深入研究.本课题组曾经报道用于光电催化分解水的亚稳相β-Fe2O3颗粒组装膜光阳极[Natl.Sci.Rev.,2020,7,1059–1067].β-Fe2O3光阳极的太阳能-氢能理论转化效率为20.9％,优于α-Fe2O3光阳极.β-Fe2O3的热稳定性和在长时间光电催化反应过程中的光化学稳定性是决定其应用前景的核心问题.本文报道了一种喷雾热裂解制备β-Fe2O3薄膜的方法.该方法提高了β-Fe2O3的热稳定性,从而提高了β-Fe2O3在长时间光电化学反应中的光电化学稳定性.与电泳沉积方法制备的β-Fe2O3颗粒组装膜相比,利用喷雾热裂解法制备的亚稳相β-Fe2O3薄膜的热稳定性得到显著增加.物相表征结果表明,经过相同的煅烧处理或者激光辐照后,电泳沉积方法制备的β-Fe2O3颗粒组装膜发生了明显相变;而由喷雾热裂解制备的β-Fe2O3平板膜依旧保持稳定,没有发生相变.β-Fe2O3薄膜与衬底之间存在较高的应力,与颗粒组装膜相比,平板膜在退火热处理与激光辐照下都表现出更好的稳定性.β-Fe2O3薄膜与衬底之间的应力增加了亚稳相β-Fe2O3的相变势垒,提高了β-Fe2O3的相变温度.通过引入Ti4+掺杂提高载流子浓度,改善载流子传输,使得β-Fe2O3光阳极的光电催化性能提升了3倍.结果表明,β-Fe2O3光阳极薄膜具有良好的光化学稳定性,其光电催化分解水性能在模拟太阳光条件下工作110 h后未出现明显的衰减.本文提出了一种增加亚稳相β-Fe2O3热稳定性的方法,β-Fe2O3光阳极具有较好的光化学稳定性,在光电催化方面具有较好的应用前景.     

USP制备高光电活性Ti掺杂Fe2O3薄膜

本文报道了采用超声喷雾裂解法(USP)法制备α-Fe2O3以及不同厚度的Ti掺杂α-Fe2O3薄膜,并通过XRD、XPS、SEM、IPCE表征了合成的薄膜。XRD测试结果表明,Ti掺杂和纯相Fe2O3均为α相并在(110)晶面优先生长;从AFM图中看出Fe2O3晶粒呈尖峰状垂直于平面排列;由XPS分析得知Ti离子在Fe2O3薄膜中以Ti4+和Ti3+两个价态存在;由光电效率表征可知,吸收光电转换效率(APCE)值是随着样品薄膜厚度增加而减小,在厚度为20nm时APCE为58%,对于粉末Fe2O3光催化材料是粒径尺寸越小光利用率越高;然而Fe2O3薄膜的IPCE值在厚度为60nm时最高达到23.5%,此时光利用效率最大。     

锂离子电池用α-Fe2O3-Ag复合纳米棒负极材料的制备及储锂性能

采用FeOOH纳米棒为前驱体,通过层层自组装法及随后的热处理过程制备出α-Fe2O3-Ag复合纳米棒.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和电化学性能测试对样品的形貌、结构及电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明,Ag纳米颗粒均匀地分布在α-Fe2O3纳米棒的表面.作为锂离子电池负极材料,α-Fe2O3-Ag复合纳米棒表现出了较好的循环性能和较高的比容量.180个循环后,其比容量高达549.8 mA.h/g.     

α-Fe2O3负载Ag复合纳米材料的制备、表征和气敏性能

采用简单的FeCl3溶液水热方法, 结合焙烧处理合成了α-Fe2O3 纳米粉体; 以所制备的α-Fe2O3为载体负载Ag纳米粒子, 得到Ag/α-Fe2O3 复合纳米材料. 使用X射线衍射、 透射电子显微镜、 氮气吸附-脱附和X射线光电子能谱等对样品进行表征, 并考察了Ag/α-Fe2O3复合材料在260℃下对甲醇、 乙醇、 乙醚、 丙酮、 正丁醇和正己醇等挥发性有机物的气敏行为. 结果表明, Ag/α-Fe2O3传感器对这几种挥发性有机物展示了较高的灵敏度和快速、 可逆的响应-恢复特性; 与纯α-Fe2O3相比, Ag/α-Fe2O3复合材料的气敏性能显著提高, 这可能与该复合材料表面独特的多孔结构和活性Ag纳米粒子对敏感反应的催化作用有关.     

CeO2@Au核壳结构纳米粒子的合成与性质研究

采用沉淀法制备了球形CeO2纳米粒子,将其作为核粒子溶液,然后向其中滴加四氯合金酸溶液,在CeO2胶体表面利用柠檬酸钠还原[AuCl4]-离子,得到了CeO2@Au核壳结构纳米粒子。TEM分析表明,CeO2纳米粒子分散效果好,粒径为5 nm;CeO2@Au核壳粒子为球形,无团聚,平均粒径为15 nm。XRD分析表明,CeO2@Au核壳粒子为晶型结构,属于立方晶系,CeO2空间群为O5H-FM3M,Au的空间群为Fm-3m。UV-vis分析发现,CeO2@Au核壳粒子在300和520 nm处呈现出两个比较强的吸收峰,分别对应于CeO2胶体溶液的吸收峰和金粒子的表面等离子共振吸收峰。EDS分析了核壳结构CeO2@Au纳米粒子中存在Ce,O和Au 3种元素。XPS分析表明,Ce3d3/2和Au4f电子结合能与标准结合能相比发生了变化,说明CeO2与Au之间存在着相互作用。     

Synthesis of orientedly bioconjugated core/shell Fe3O4@Au magnetic nanoparticles for cell separation

Orientedly bioconjugated core/shell Fe₃O₄@Au magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized for cell separation. The Fe₃O₄@Au magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing HAuCl₄ on the surfaces of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, which were further characterized in detail by TEM, XRD and UV-vis spectra. Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody was orientedly bioconjugated to the surface of Fe₃O₄@Au nanoparticles through affinity binding between the Fc portion of the antibody and protein A that covalently immobilized on the nanoparticles. The oriented immobilization method was performed to compare its efficiency for cell separation with the non-oriented one, in which the antibody was directly immobilized onto the carboxylated nanoparticle surface. Results showed that the orientedly bioconjugated Fe₃O₄@Au MNPs successfully pulled down CD3⁺ T cells from the whole splenocytes with high efficiency of up to 98.4%, showing a more effective cell-capture nanostructure than that obtained by non-oriented strategy. This developed strategy for the synthesis and oriented bioconjugation of Fe₃O₄@Au MNPs provides an efficient tool for cell separation, and may be further applied to various fields of bioanalytical chemistry for diagnosis, affinity extraction and biosensor.     

γ-Fe_2O_3:A magnetic separable catalyst for synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles from nitriles and sodium azide

<正>An efficient route for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazole via[2+3]cycloaddition of nitriles and sodium azide is reported usingγ-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles as a magnetic separable catalyst.Under optimized conditions,the moderate to good yields(71-95%) can be obtained.The catalyst can be easily separated by a magnet and reused for several circles.     

α-Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles:An efficient,inexpensive catalyst for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes

This paper describes the combustion synthesis ofα-Fe₂O₃ nanopowder at much lower temperature and its catalytic activity for the one-pot preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes.The combustion derivedα-Fe₂O₃ nanopowder was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）,Braunauer,Emmett and Teller（BET） surface area,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）.Highly efficient,three-component condensation of aromatic aldehyde,malanonitrile and 4- hydroxycoumarin catalyzed byα-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles at room temperature is described.The method offers an excellent alternative to the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes.The reactions are rapid,clean,and the products with good yield and high purity.     

“化学一步法”制备电磁功能化聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3复合物纳米球及结构表征

在不添加掺杂剂的条件下, 以吡咯为单体, 三氯化铁为氧化剂, 采用"化学一步法"合成了电磁功能化的聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3 复合物纳米结构. 研究了不同氯化亚铁用量对聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3 复合物形貌、 电学性能以及磁学性能的影响. 结果表明, 氯化亚铁的用量对聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3复合物的形貌影响不大, 都得到了聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3复合物纳米球; 然而, 聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3复合物纳米球的电学和磁学性能却明显受到氯化亚铁用量的影响. 聚吡咯/γ-Fe2O3复合物纳米球的电导率和最大饱和磁化强度随着氯化亚铁用量的增加而增大, 并在氯化亚铁用量增加到150 mg时达到最大值, 分别为72.1 S/cm和10.07 A·m2/kg, 实现了高电学性能和高磁学性能兼顾的电磁功能化导电聚合物纳米结构的制备.     

Y2O3 Nanoparticles and X-ray Radiation-Induced Effects in Melanoma Cells

The innovative strategy of using nanoparticles in radiotherapy has become an exciting topic due to the possibility of simultaneously improving local efficiency of radiation in tumors and real-time monitoring of the delivered doses. Yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in material science to prepare phosphors for various applications including X-ray induced photodynamic therapy and in situ nano-dosimetry, but few available reports only addressed the effect induced in cells by combined exposure to different doses of superficial X-ray radiation and nanoparticles. Herein, we analyzed changes induced in melanoma cells by exposure to different doses of X-ray radiation and various concentrations of Y₂O₃ NPs. By evaluation of cell mitochondrial activity and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), we estimated that 2, 4, and 6 Gy X-ray radiation doses are visibly altering the cells by inducing ROS production with increasing the dose while at 6 Gy the mitochondrial activity is also affected. Separately, high-concentrated solutions of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL Y₂O₃ NPs were also found to affect the cells by inducing ROS production with the increase of concentration. Additionally, the colony-forming units assay evidenced a rather synergic effect of NPs and radiation. By adding the NPs to cells before irradiation, a decrease of the number of proliferating cell colonies was observed with increase of X-ray dose. DNA damage was evidenced by quantifying the γ-H2AX foci for cells treated with Y₂O₃ NPs and exposed to superficial X-ray radiation. Proteomic profile confirmed that a combined effect of 50 µg/mL Y₂O₃ NPs and 6 Gy X-ray dose induced mitochondria alterations and DNA changes in melanoma cells.     

Fe2O3@Au core/shell nanoparticle-based electrochemical DNA biosensor for Escherichia coli detection

A Fe₂O₃@Au core/shell nanoparticle-based electrochemical DNA biosensor was developed for the amperometric detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Magnetic Fe₂O₃@Au nanoparticles were prepared by reducing HAuCl₄ on the surfaces of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. This DNA biosensor is based on a sandwich detection strategy, which involves capture probe immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), target and reporter probe labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Once magnetic field was added, these sandwich complexes were magnetically separated and HRP confined at the surfaces of MNPs could catalyze the enzyme substrate and generate electrochemical signals. The biosensor could detect the concentrations upper than 0.01 pM DNA target and upper than 500 cfu/mL of E. coli without any nucleic acid amplification steps. The detection limit could be lowered to 5 cfu/mL of E. coli after 4.0 h of incubation.     

Magnetic Fe3O4@Au composite-enhanced surface plasmon resonance for ultrasensitive detection of magnetic nanoparticle-enriched α-fetoprotein

Small molecules or analytes present at low concentrations are difficult to detect directly using conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) techniques because only small changes in the refractive index of the medium are typically induced by the binding of these analytes. Here, we present an amplification technique using core–shell Fe₃O₄@Au magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for an SPR bioassay. To evaluate this amplification effect, a novel SPR sensor based on a sandwich immunoassay was developed to detect α-fetoprotein (AFP) by immobilizing a primary AFP antibody (Ab₁) on the surface of a 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate/chitosan-ferrocene/Au NP (MPS/CS-Fc/Au NP) film employing Fe₃O₄@Au–AFP secondary antibody conjugates (Fe₃O₄@Au–Ab₂) as the amplification reagent. The stepwise fabrication of the biosensor was characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. A calibration curve of Fe₃O₄@Au–Ab₂ conjugates amplification for AFP detection was obtained to yield a correlation in the range of 1.0–200.0 ng mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 0.65 ng mL⁻¹, and a significant increase in sensitivity was therefore afforded through the use of Fe₃O₄@Au–Ab₂ conjugates as an amplifier. This magnetic separation and amplification strategy has great potential for the detection of other biomolecules of interest with low interference and high sensitivity by changing the antibody label used in the Fe₃O₄@Au–antibody conjugates.