Continuously wavelength-spacing-tunable and idler-output multiwavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator

We demonstrate a continuously wavelength-spacing-tunable and high-power multiwavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator based on the multiwavelength idler-output technique. The laser cavity for multiwavelength idler outputs is constructed by a pumped highly-nonlinear dispersion-shifted fiber as parametric gain medium, two highly-reflective chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) and a superimposed CFBG as comb-like filter. At a pump power of 1.1 W, the idler output of 10 wavelengths around 1.56 μm is achieved with a wavelength spacing of 0.39 nm. The wavelength spacing can be continuously tuned from 0.39 to 1.0 nm by utilizing a cantilever beam-based chirp tuning method to change the FSR of the superimposed CFBG. Our experimental results show that the designed multiwavelength idler-output scheme can significantly increase the multiwavelength output power with a total output power of 98 mW and each idler-channel power of 16.3 mW.     

Programmable all-fiber structured waveshaper based on linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating and digital thermal controller

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated an all-fiber structured programmable optical bandpass filter (waveshaper) based on a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating and a digital-controlled thermal array. The key parameters of this filter such as the number of transmission channels, passing bandwidth per channel, central wavelength as well as the channel spacing can be reconfigured independently and flexibly by a program-controlled circuit. We have achieved in experiments the tunable passing bandwidth ranging from < 0.04 to 1.55 nm, adjustable central wavelength ranging from 1,547.16 to 1,558.64 nm, and a minimum wavelength spacing of 0.91 nm. The insertion loss of the whole device and the sideband rejection ratio are about 1.76 and 28 dB, respectively.     

Wavelength-spacing tunable multi-wavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator based on multiple four-wave mixing

We propose a wavelength-spacing tunable multi-wavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator (MW-FOPO) with a simple line cavity and one pump source based on multiple four-wave mixing (MFWM). Stable multi-wavelength lasing at room temperature is achieved due to the four-wave mixing effect and the broadband gain of the fiber optical parametric amplifier based on a highly nonlinear fiber. The wavelength spacing of the proposed MW-FOPO can be tuned by adjusting the wavelength of the pump light or the central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating. Seventeen lasing lines with a wavelength spacing of 2.89 nm and an extinction ratio larger than 10 dB, which covers the wavelength region from 1540 to 1568 nm is demonstrated.     

Wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter incorporating a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating based on a symmetrical chirp-tuning technique without center wavelength shift

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple and flexible scheme for a wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter exploiting a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating based on a symmetrical modification of the chirp ratio. Symmetrical bending along a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating attached to a flexible cantilever beam induces a variation of the chirp ratio and a reflection chirp bandwidth of the grating without a center wavelength shift. Accordingly, the wavelength spacing of a sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating is continuously controlled by the reflection chirp bandwidth variation of the grating corresponding to the bending direction, which allows for realization of an effective wavelength-spacing-tunable multichannel filter. Based on the proposed technique, we achieve the continuous tunability of the wavelength spacing in a range from 1.51 to 6.11 nm, depending on the bending direction of the cantilever beam.     

Wavelength spacing tunable dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser based on fiber Bragg gratings

A wavelength spacing tunable dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser is presented by employing separated fiber Bragg gratings. By using a saturable-absorption-induced grating filter and a hybrid gain medium formed by a semiconductor optical amplifier and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, stable single-longitudinal-mode lasing is achieved at room temperature. Wavelength spacing of the proposed fiber laser can be tuned in a range from 0.1 to 1.3 nm.     

Actively mode-locked dual-wavelength fiber laser with close wavelength spacing using a fiber Bragg grating

A simple actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and successfully demonstrated to generate dual-wavelength picosecond pulses with close wavelength spacing using one Bragg grating in standard single-mode fiber. The proposed laser can be made to operate in stable dual-wavelength at room temperature, due to the birefringence characteristic of the FBG induced by transverse strain. Transverse strain loading on the FBG allows the wavelength spacing to be controlled. Generation of stable dual-wavelength pulses with a pulsewidth of 212–234 ps and a tunable wavelength separation from 0.2 to 0.44 nm at a pulse rate of 1.05 GHz was demonstrated.     

A reconfigurable multiwavelength fiber laser with switchable wavelength channels and tunable wavelength spacing

We report the experimental demonstration of a reconfigurable multiwavelength fiber laser source with switchable wavelength channels and tunable wavelength spacing by spectrum slicing a broadband light source using a tunable comb filter. The tunable comb filter is based on a thermally-induced linearly-chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG). As an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, two wavelength channels with various wavelength spacings and eight wavelength channels with ∼1.6 nm wavelength spacing were experimentally demonstrated. All the wavelength channels have rejection ratios of greater than 20 dB, and very small 3-dB linewidths of ∼10 pm. The multiwavelength optical source has such unique advantages as simple all-fiber structure, switchable wavelength channels, tunable wavelength spacing, very narrow linewidths, and stable room-temperature operation.     

利用啁啾光纤光栅色散特性实现波长可调谐的主动锁模掺铒光纤环行腔激光器

在环形腔主动锁模光纤激光器中引入啁啾光纤光栅，利用啁啾光纤光栅的大色散特性，通过调节调制频率，实现波长调谐，调谐范围2nm。所得脉冲为重复频率2．5GHz，脉宽约60ps的正啁啾脉冲，。     

Thermally switchable and discretely tunable comb filter with a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel switchable and discretely tunable comb filter based on a thermally induced linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. Experimentally we achieved a thermally induced optical bandpass filter that has eight switchable passband peaks with peak separations of 1.6 and 3.2 nm, a very narrow bandwidth (as small as 10 pm) of each peak, a tunable range of 16.5 nm, and a greater than 25 dB rejection ratio. Two spectral peaks separated by only 0.8 nm were also obtained with this comb filter. This filter provides the unique advantages of an all-fiber structure, switchable spectral peaks, independent tuning of the center wavelength and wavelength spacing of the spectral peaks, low polarization sensitivity, simple structure, ease of fabrication, and low cost.     

国产啁啾布拉格光纤光栅在飞秒激光系统中的应用

利用自行研制的啁啾布拉格光纤光栅(CFBG)刻写系统完成CFBG样品制作,成功应用于光纤锁模振荡器和啁啾脉冲放大(CPA)系统中。振荡器可输出19.4 nm带宽、18 mW平均功率激光,并可压缩至143 fs,经时域展宽、功率放大、时域压缩后,脉冲宽度可至264 fs。实验结果初步证明了国产CFBG在飞秒激光系统应用的可行性。     

Wavelength tunable high power laser using a double-clad Er:Yb doped fiber

We experimentally demonstrated a stable, wavelength-tunable fiber laser using a polarization-maintaining, double-clad Er:Yb doped fiber amplifier in the cavity. The output wavelength is tunable over the range from 1535 to 1567 nm using a fixed grating and the dichroic mirror placed on a rotational mount; under rotation of the dichroic mirror the tuning ratio of 50 nm/deg was found. We studied the wavelength tuning range dependence on the amplifier fiber length and achieved a maximal output power of 850 mW. This configuration can be Q-switched for high peak power and its narrow bandwidth is suitable for nonlinear optics applications, such as parametric teraherthz generator.     

A stable dual-wavelength fiber laser with tunable wavelength spacing using a polarization-maintaining linear cavity

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a stable dual-wavelength erbium-doped polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber laser with tunable wavelength spacing using an all-PM linear cavity that makes use of two reflection peaks from the PM fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG). Experimental results show stable dual lasing lines with a wavelength separation of ∼0.22 nm and a large optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of over 40 dB under room temperature. By applying axial strain to the PM-FBG, the center wavelengths of the two lasing lines can be tuned over several nanometers and the wavelength separation between the lasing lines can also be tuned to as small as 0.05 nm, which, to our knowledge, is the smallest wavelength spacing ever obtained from a stable room-temperature dual-wavelength fiber laser. The proposed laser configuration has the advantages of simple structure, low loss, stable dual-wavelength operation and a very small lasing linewidth of ∼5 kHz . PACS 42.55.Wd; 42.81.-i; 42.81.Gs     

Wavelength-spacing tunable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on four-wave mixing of dispersion-shifted fiber

We experimentally demonstrate a wavelength-spacing tunable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on degenerate four-wave mixing in a dispersion-shifted fiber incorporating multiple-fiber Bragg gratings. We have achieved stable operation of the multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser, which has 0.8 nm spacing ten-channel lasing wavelengths and a high extinction ratio of more than approximately 45 dB, at room temperature. The output power of the multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser is stable, so the peak fluctuation is less than approximately 0.2 dB. By changing the properties such as loss and polarization state of multiple fiber Bragg grating cavities, we can exercise flexible control of the wavelength spacing of the multiwavelength output. We can also obtain switchable multiwavelength lasing operation by elimination of the effects of alternate single-fiber Bragg gratings.     

Highly reliable strain-tuning of an Erbium-doped fiber laser for the interrogation of multiplexed Bragg grating sensors

The authors implemented a tunable linear cavity Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser for the interrogation of multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensors (BGS). A high-strength single-pulse draw-tower fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was used as the mechanically tunable element enabling the rapid wavelength sweeping of the laser center wavelength. A simple algorithm to process the noisy acquired data and identify the peak of the BGS spectra was employed. For the first time, this type of configuration was used to reliably interrogate at least three fiber Bragg grating sensors with a standard wavelength spacing between the Bragg wavelengths of 3 nm, without risk of breaking the stretched fiber, using an FBG with a simple PZT driven mount as the tuning elements.     

Analytical performance evaluation of an adjustable PMD compensator using high-birefringence linearly chirped FBG

System performance of a high-speed WDM transmission system in the presence of PMD can be improved significantly by using an adjustable PMD compensator. We have analytically evaluated the performance of a tunable PMD compensator based on high-birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating. The device can adjust differential group delay in a linearly continuous way without affecting the wavelength outside the bandwidth. Various properties of the device such as relative group delay, differential group delay, reflectivity, etc. are investigated in terms of wavelength and grating length. Results show that under stretched condition the device generates a time delay between fast and slow polarization axes, which is adjustable from 0 to 55 ps and is tunable within 2.4 nm wavelength range.     

锁模脉冲波长连续可调谐光纤激光器

利用在腔内加入可调谐光纤光栅滤波器使“8”字形腔掺Yb3+光纤激光器在锁模状态下实现波长连续可调谐.实验中,在保证锁模状态稳定的情况下,通过调节可调谐光纤光栅滤波器,使激光器输出锁模脉冲的中心波长在1 047 nm～1 055 nm范围内连续调谐,重复频率稳定维持在4.9 MHz.在中心波长1 053 nm处,测得锁模脉冲输出平均功率为8.02 mW,光谱带宽1 nm,脉冲宽度为259.3 ps.这种“8”字形腔被动锁模光纤激光器在锁模状态下对波长连续可调谐,并可长时间稳定工作.     

Novel discretely tunable narrow linewidth fiber laser with uniform wavelength spacing

A novel configuration of the tunable fiber laser with uniform wavelength spacing in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) application is proposed. The ring type tunable fiber laser consists of an all-fiber comb filter which determines the wavelength spacing, and a piece of adjustable fiber grating to select the discrete lasing wavelength for WDM application. The proposed all-fiber ring type tunable laser has potential application in the DWDM and other optical systems due to its advantages such as narrow linewidth, easy tuning, uniform wavelength interval, etc..     

带宽可调的斜边光纤光栅滤波器的设计与制作

基于遗传算法设计了斜边三角形光纤光栅(EFBG)的折射率调制函数;提出了光纤外径沿轴向变化、在拉应力下可获得可调谐的斜边三角形光纤光栅;计算分析了该器件多个物理参量对反射光谱的影响。在实验中,采用紫外激光扫描辐照方法,制备了短波边斜边带宽为0．7nm、反射率为96％的斜边三角形光纤光栅;采用程序控制氢氟酸腐蚀方法获得外径从原始62．5μm减小到45μm、在85mm长度内按设计要求变化的光纤光栅。对该光纤光栅施加从。到1．715N变化的拉力时,其反射光谱短波边的斜边带宽从0．7nm增加到2．3nm,实现了一种带宽大范围可调的斜边光纤光栅。     

A compact graphene Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser using optical circulator and tunable fiber Bragg grating

We demonstrate a passively Q-switched tunable erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on graphene as a saturable absorber(SA).A three-port optical circulator(OC)and a strain-induced tunable fiber Bragg grating(TFBG)are used as the two end mirrors in an all-fiber linear cavity.The Q-switched EDFL has a low pump threshold of 23.8 mW.The pulse repetition rate of the fiber laser can be widely changed from 9.3 kHz to 69.7 kHz by increasing the pump power from23.8 mW to 219.9 mW.The minimum pulse duration is 1.7μs and the highest pulse energy is 25.4 nJ.The emission wavelength of the laser can be tuned from 1560.43 nm to 1566.27 nm by changing the central wavelength of the straininduced TFBG.     

Switchable dual-wavelength polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber laser using an optical circulator as the all-reflecting mirror

A simple and effective switchable dual-wavelength polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. Only using a uniform fiber Bragg grating written directly in a segment of the photosensitive and polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber as the wavelength selector and an optical circulator as the all-reflecting mirror, a stable simultaneous dual-wavelength oscillation is achieved with a wavelength spacing of 0.364 nm experimentally by exploiting the polarization hole burning effect at room temperature. The output can be switched between single- and dual-wavelength by adjusting the polarization controller. The 3-dB bandwidth and the side mode suppression ratio of the laser’s outputs are measured to be less than 0.01 nm and more than 50 dB. The power fluctuation and wavelength drift are measured to be less than 0.50 dB and 0.020 nm over an hour.