A class of quasi-linear elliptic systems arising in image segmentation

We study a quasi-linear system arising in image segmentation in order to determine the minimum of the Mumford-Shah functional. We prove the existence of a solution for a larger class of systems including the previous one. The recursive method used in the proof produces as well an efficient algorithm that can be easily implemented in connection for example with finite element techniques. Results of some numerical experiments are also discussed. Received June 30, 1997     

On a first-order hyperbolic system including Bean's model for superconductors with displacement current

This paper deals with a class of first-order systems with generally multivalued damping terms including Bean's model for superconductors with displacement current. The main goal is to prove the convergence of solutions to stationary states as t→∞.     

拟线性双曲组一类非局部混合初一边值问题的半整体C^1解

在研究拟线性弦振动方程带第三类边值问题的精确边界能控性时，出现了拟线性双曲组一类非局部混合初边值问题．论文先证明该类非局部混合问题局部C^1解的存在惟一性，并考察其存在高度的性质，进而利用一致先验估计证明半整体C^1解的存在惟一性，并以此为基础研究相应问题的精确边界能控性，最后为便于应用，将论文的结论写成了可化约方程组的情形。     

拟线性双曲组一类非局部混合初-边值问题的半整体C1解

在研究拟线性弦振动方程带第三类边值问题的精确边界能控性时,出现了拟线性双曲组一类非局部混合初-边值问题.论文先证明该类非局部混合问题局部C1解的存在惟一性,并考察其存在高度的性质,进而利用一致先验估计证明半整体C1解的存在惟一性,并以此为基础研究相应问题的精确边界能控性,最后为便于应用,将论文的结论写成了可化约方程组的情形.     

Approximation of the perturbation equations of a quasi-linear hyperbolic system in the neighborhood of a bicharacteristic

In 1956 Whitham gave a nonlinear theory for computing the intensity of an acoustic pulse of an arbitrary shape. The theory has been used very successfully in computing the intensity of the sonic bang produced by a supersonic plane. [4.] derived an approximate quasi-linear equation for the propagation of a short wave in a compressible medium. These two methods are essentially nonlinear approximations of the perturbation equations of the system of gas-dynamic equations in the neighborhood of a bicharacteristic curve (or rays) for weak unsteady disturbances superimposed on a given steady solution. In this paper we have derived an approximate quasi-linear equation which is an approximation of perturbation equations in the neighborhood of a bicharacteristic curve for a weak pulse governed by a general system of first order quasi-linear partial differential equations in m + 1 independent variables (t, x₁,…, x_m) and derived Gubkin's result as a particular case when the system of equations consists of the equations of an unsteady motion of a compressible gas. We have also discussed the form of the approximate equation describing the waves propagating upsteam in an arbitrary multidimensional transonic flow.     

The behaviour of induced discontinuities behind a first order discontinuity wave for a quasi-linear hyperbolic system

Summary In the present paper we study the propagation into a constant state of the induced discontinuities associated with a first order discontinuity wave for a quasi-linear hyperbolic system. Making use of the theory of singular surfaces and the ray-theory, we derive and solve completely the equations which the induced discontinuity vector must obey along the rays associated with the wave front. So we determine the evolution law of and find that it depends non-linearly on the first order discontinuities and on the geometrical features of the wave front; thus the behaviour of the induced discontinuities is known once the evolution law of the first order discontinuity wave is obtained explicitly.

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Riassunto In questa nota studiamo la propagazione, in uno stato costante, delle discontinuità indotte associate a un'onda di discontinuità del primo ordine per un sistema iperbolico quasi-lineare. Adottando un'opportuna combinazione della teoria delle superfici singolari e delle teoria dei raggi, determiniamo in maniera completa il comportamento del vettore delle discontinuità indotte lungo i raggi associati al fronte d'onda. Troviamo che la legge di evoluzione di dipende non linearmente dalle discontinuità del primo ordine e dalle caratteristiche geometriche del fronte d'onda. L'andamento di è perciò noto una volta nota esplicitamente la legge di evoluzione delle discontinuità del primo ordine.

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Work performed under the auspices of C.N.R. (G.N.F.M.) and supported by M.P.I. of Italy.     

Galerkin alternating-direction method for a kind of second-order quasi-linear hyperbolic problems

A kind of second-order quasi-linear hyperbolic equation is firstly transformed into a first-order system of equations, then the Galerkin alternating-direction procedure for the system is derived. The optimal order estimates in H¹ norm and L² norm of the procedure are obtained respectively by using the theory and techniques of priori estimate of differential equations. The numerical experiment is also given to support the theoretical analysis. Comparing the results of numerical example with the theoretical analysis, they are uniform.     

On a model of phase relaxation for the hyperbolic Stefan problem

In this paper we study a model of phase relaxation for the Stefan problem with the Cattaneo–Maxwell heat flux law. We prove an existence and uniqueness result for the resulting problem and we show that its solution converges to the solution of the Stefan problem as the two relaxation parameters go to zero, provided a relation between these parameters holds.     

A coupled system of ODEs and quasilinear hyperbolic PDEs arising in a multiscale blood flow model

We study a coupled system of ordinary differential equations and quasilinear hyperbolic partial differential equations that models a blood circulatory system in the human body. The mathematical system is a multiscale model in which a part of the system, where the flow can be regarded as Newtonian and homogeneous, and the vessels are long and large, is modeled by a set of hyperbolic PDEs in a one-spatial-dimensional network, and in the other part, where either vessels are too thin or the flow pattern is too complicated (such as in the heart), the flow is modeled as a lumped element by a set of ordinary differential equations as an analog of an electric circuit. The mathematical system consists of pairs of PDEs, one pair for each vessel, coupled at each junction through a system of ODEs. This model is a generalization of the widely studied models of arterial networks. We give a proof of the well-posedness of the initial-boundary value problem by showing that the classical solution exists, is unique, and depends continuously on initial, boundary and forcing functions and their derivatives.     

The mixed problem for the Lamé system in a class of Lipschitz domains

We consider the mixed problem for the Lamé system

     

Weak solutions to a non-linear hyperbolic system arising in the theory of dielectric liquids

We consider a model of the motion of a viscous dielectric liquid subjected to a DC electric field in the case when the bulk conduction results from the presence of a dissociation-recombination process. The effects of both magnetic field and ionic diffusion are neglected. The existence of at least one weak solution is proved via the method of renormalized solutions.     

Global compactness for a class of quasi-linear elliptic problems

We prove a global compactness result for Palais-Smale sequences associated with a class of quasi-linear elliptic equations on exterior domains.     

On a linear model of mechanical phase transitions

Existence and infinite speed of propagation are shown for the equation $$h_n \left( {x,t} \right) = \frac{1}{{\alpha \pi }}\int_{ - \infty }^\infty {\frac{{Ah_{xxx} \left( {\xi ,t} \right) - Bh_{xt} \left( {\xi ,t} \right)}}{{\left( {x - \xi } \right)}}d\xi } , - \infty< x< \infty ,0< t< T,$$ which is the linearization of a model equation for the mechanical phase transition phenomenon of melting-freezing waves. In addition, from the formal solution of the equation one can compute a decay rate.     

Bifurcation results for a class of periodic quasi-linear parabolic equations

We consider the problem where a and f are 1-periodic in t, a is positive, f satisfies appropriate decreasing conditions; smoothness of a, f, ?Ω is also assumed. Denote by λ₀ the principal eigenvalue of Δ with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions, and define . We prove: (a) if ε ≤ 0, then no non-negative periodic solution exists but zero, and any solution with continuous non-negative initial datum converges to zero uniformly as t → ∞; (b) if ε > 0, then a unique non trivial non-negative 1-periodic solution u* exists, and any solution with continuous, non-negative not identically zero initial datum approaches uniformly u* as t → ∞.     

Asymptotic analysis of a second-order singular perturbation model for phase transitions

We study the asymptotic behavior, as ${\varepsilon}$ tends to zero, of the functionals ${F^k_\varepsilon}$ introduced by Coleman and Mizel in the theory of nonlinear second-order materials; i.e., $$F^k_\varepsilon(u):=\int\limits_{I} \left(\frac{W(u)}{\varepsilon}-k\,\varepsilon\,(u')^2+\varepsilon^3(u'')^2\right)\,dx,\quad u\in W^{2,2}(I),$$ where k?>?0 and ${W:\mathbb{R}\to[0,+\infty)}$ is a double-well potential with two potential wells of level zero at ${a,b\in\mathbb{R}}$ . By proving a new nonlinear interpolation inequality, we show that there exists a positive constant k ₀ such that, for k?<?k ₀, and for a class of potentials W, ${(F^k_\varepsilon)}$ ??(L ¹)-converges to $$F^k(u):={\bf m}_k \, \#(S(u)),\quad u\in BV(I;\{a,b\}),$$ where m _k is a constant depending on W and k. Moreover, in the special case of the classical potential ${W(s)=\frac{(s^2-1)^2}{2}}$ , we provide an upper bound on the values of k such that the minimizers of ${F_\varepsilon^k}$ cannot develop oscillations on some fine scale and a lower bound on the values for which oscillations occur, the latter improving a previous estimate by Mizel, Peletier and Troy.