纳米二氧化铈的高压拉曼光谱研究

本文利用金刚石对顶砧高压技术,在0.1MPa～47.5GPa压力范围内对粒径为8nm的纳米CeO2进行了高压拉曼光谱研究。研究结果表明,常压下萤石结构的纳米CeO2(空间群Fm3m)在24.3GPa时开始发生萤石结构到PbCl2类型(空间群Pnam)的结构相变。这个相变为可逆相变,卸压至零压时样品恢复至萤石结构。     

酒石酸络盐均相沉淀法制备CeO2纳米晶的研究

以硝酸铈、酒石酸铵为原料,采用络合均相沉淀法制备了CeO2纳米晶.研究了酒石酸铈络合物的形成和沉淀的操作方式等因素的影响.用XRD,TEM和SEM等测试方法对样品进行了表征.从样品的SEM照片可以看到形貌为蓬松泡沫状多孔性立体结构,经HRTEM观察小颗粒具有很清楚的晶格条纹,说明这些小颗粒为CeO2纳米晶.     

EPR study of Fe3+ and Mn2+ in CeO2 and ThO2

Attempts were made to grow CeO₂ and ThO₂ single crystals doped with transition metal ions. Only Fe³⁺ and Mn²⁺ could be detected by the EPR technique. The EPR spectrum of Fe³⁺ in CeO₂ exhibits the well-known fine structure in cubic fields. The parameters areg=2.0044(1) anda=15.6(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The hyperfine constantA for⁵⁷Fe in hexahedral coordination was found to be 8.9(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The EPR spectrum of Mn²⁺ in CeO₂ reveals two cubic Mn²⁺ centers. The parameters for center 1 areg=1.9999(1) andA=86.9(1)·10^?4 cm^?1 and for center 2g=1.9984(1) andA=87.0(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. Heating the Mn doped CeO₂ samples in hydrogen, the Mn²⁺ centers transform from cubic into trigonal centers with approximate values ofg=1.9988(2),A=84.5(6)·10^?4 cm^?1 andD=203(1)·10^?4 cm^?1. The two observed Mn²⁺ centers in ThO₂ exhibita priori axial symmetry with approximate values ofg=2.0006(2),A=88.9(4)·10^?4 cm^?1 andD=33(3)·10^?4 cm^?1.     

Unusual Behavior of Nanocrystalline Strontium Oxide Toward Hydrogen Sulfide

The thermodynamically favored reaction of solid strontium oxide with gaseous hydrogen sulfide is kinetically enhanced to a large degree by the use of higher surface area nanocrystalline SrO in the form of brush-like collections of metal oxide fibers. An unusual feature is that the reaction SrO + H₂S SrS + H₂O proceeds stoichiometrically at room temperature, but at higher temperatures the reaction efficiency goes down, apparently due to rapid temperature induced crystal growth of the nanocrystalline SrO. The samples studied vary in crystallite size from 20 to 27nm, while average particle size (nanocrystal aggregates) varies in the following order; aerogel prepared SrO (100nm) 相似文献   

EPR States and Bell Correlated States in Algebraic Quantum Field Theory

A mathematical rigorous definition of EPR states has been introduced by Arens and Varadarajan for finite dimensional systems, and extended by Werner to general systems. In the present paper we follow a definition of EPR states due to Werner. Then we show that an EPR state for incommensurable pairs is Bell correlated, and that the set of EPR states for incommensurable pairs is norm dense between two strictly space-like separated regions in algebraic quantum field theory.     

Evidence of subsurface oxygen vacancy ordering on reduced CeO2(111)

Surface and subsurface oxygen vacancies on the slightly reduced CeO(2)(111) surface have been studied by atomic resolution dynamic force microscopy at 80 K. Both types of defect are clearly identified by the comparison of the observed topographic features with the corresponding structures predicted from recent first-principles calculations. By combining two simultaneously acquired signals (the topography and the energy dissipated from the cantilever oscillation), we are able to unambiguously locate subsurface oxygen vacancies buried at the third surface atomic layer. We report evidence of local ordering of these subsurface defects that suggests the existence of a delicate balance between subtle interactions among adjacent subsurface oxygen vacancy structures.     

Enhanced Raman Scattering by Quasi-phase-matched Processes in ax^（2） Photonic Crystal

An intense comb-shaped Raman spectra were obtained from a two-dimensional nonlinear x（2） photonic crystal - a hexagonally poled LiTaO3 crystal with lattice parameter 9 micros. The lowest Raman shift was down to 2 cm^-1 and the order of anti-stokes and stokes signals both achieved 11. The novel Raman spectra were mediated first by intense phonon-polariton fields, which were driven through the quasi-phase-matched coupling between the incident dual-beam both from an optical parametric oscillation laser, and further amplified greatly also by such quasi-phasematched nonlinear optical process. The dependence of the Raman spectra character on the wavelength and intensity of incident beams were studied in detail, which accordingly revealed information of the inelastic scattering and the elementary excitation in the nonlinear medium. These results on the other hand suggest technological importance for developing a novel Raman laser with the multi-wavelength output and a tunable frequency interval and for possible applications in quantum optics.     

Characterization of Mn2+ Coordination States in ZnS Nanocrystal By EPR Spectroscopy and Related Photoluminescence Properties

Coordination states of Mn²⁺ inside and near the surface of ZnS:Mn nanocrystal (NC) (ca. 1.8 nm in particle radius) coated with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were examined by the detailed analysis of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The symmetry of both Mn²⁺ sites inside and near the surface of NC is lower than that of submicron particles (0.125 m in particle radius), because of larger lattice distortion and larger zero field splitting constant. Temperature dependence of line width ( H _pp) of EPR signals from Mn²⁺ inside and near surface sites of ZnS:Mn disappears when the particle radius of ZnS:Mn decreases from 0.125 m to 1.8 nm. These indicate increasing extent of d–d transition and stronger interaction between Mn²⁺ and ZnS as well as between Mn²⁺ and PAA in NC, leading to more effective energy transfer from ZnS and PAA to Mn²⁺. These phenomena explain the high luminescence intensity of ZnS:Mn nanocrystal coated with PAA.     

EPR Entangled States for Bipartite Kinematics and New Bosonic Representation of SU（2） Algebra

We find that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled state representation descr/bing bipartite kinematics is closely related to a new Bose operator realization of SU(2) Lie algebra. By virtue of the new realization some ttamiltonian eigenfunction equation can be directly converted to the generalized confluent equation in the EPR entangled state representation and its solution is obtainable. This thus provides a new approach for studying dynamics of angular momentum systems.     

EPR Entangled States for Bipartite Kinematics and New Bosonic Representation of SU(2) Algebra

We find that the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled state representation describing bipartite kinematics is closely related to a new Bose operator realization of SU(2) Lie algebra. By virtue of the new realization some Hamiltonian eigenfunction equation can be directly converted to the generalized confluent equation in the EPR entangled state representation and its solution is obtainable. This thus provides a new approach for studying dynamics of angular momentum systems.     

利用两个EPR态完全隐形传输四粒子W态

为了减少量子隐形传态中的测量次数和运算量,提出了一个利用两个EPR对作为量子信道,实现四粒子W纠缠态的隐形传输的方案.发送者Alice只需利用16个正交完备测量基对要传送的未知四粒子纠缠W态和两个EPR对中属于自己的粒子做一次正交完备基测量,然后将测量所产生的16种塌陷态结果通过经典信道告知接收者,接收者Bob根据这些信息,通过引入两个辅助粒子B3B4,并对手中拥有的粒子做适当的Toffoli门、C-Not门、Pauli-X门、Pauli-Z门变换,就能将16种畸变态全部恢复到发送者Alice欲传送的未知四粒子原始量子态,从而以100%的概率实现四粒子纠缠W态的隐形传输.利用量子力学波函数的叠加原理和变换算符的思想,很容易得出正交完备基测量后的16种塌陷态表达式和接收者Bob所做的由量子门组成的幺正变换的表达式.该方案中由于采用了正交完备基测量的方法,大大减少了发送者所需要做的测量计算,而且整个方案只需要一次正交完备基测量和由各种量子逻辑门组成的简单幺正变换,实现更为容易.     

Dopant concentration dependent magnetism of Cu-doped TiO2 nanocrystals

Journal of Nanoparticle Research - Mannosylation is a method commonly used to deliver nanomaterials to specific organs and tissues via cellular macrophage uptake. In this work, for the first time,...     

不同粒径CeO_2纳米粒子的控制合成

通过水热合成方法合成了粒径分布窄、大小不同的立方萤石结构的CeO_2纳米粒子。研究了沉淀剂的浓度和水热处理温度对合成的CeO_2纳米粒子的粒径分布的影响,合成产物的物相和粒径分别通过XRD、TEM表征,FTIR结果表明,二氧化铈的表面吸附的大量硫酸根可能是导致氧化铈纳米粒子聚集长大的根源。     

Pulsed EPR in 2-mm band

A pulsed 2-mm band EPR spectrometer is described. The perspectives of 2-mm band EPR are comprehensively discussed.     

Probing reoxidation sites by in situ Raman spectroscopy: differences between reduced CeO2 and Pt/CeO2

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique for detecting peroxo (O₂)^2– and superoxo (O₂)^– species adsorbed on defect sites of ceria. These sites are probed by reducing CeO₂ at high temperature and then chemisorbing oxygen species at low temperature. In the present study, it is shown for the first time that such Raman characterization has to be achieved at very low laser power to avoid formation of oxygen species by photolysis and analyze only the chemisorbed species. Respecting this requirement, the (O₂)^2– and (O₂)^– species formed on 0.7% Pt/CeO₂ compound, and the CeO₂ support used to prepare it were compared after reduction for various times and at various temperatures. Superoxo species were more stabilized on reduced 0.7% Pt/CeO₂ after short reduction at 773 K than on reduced CeO₂. Additionally, the distributions of peroxo species adsorbed on defect sites of Pt/CeO₂ and CeO₂ were significantly different after long reduction at 773 K in spite of similar amounts. Indeed, less stable species were formed during the reduction of 0.7% Pt/CeO_2. These two features revealed that new sites were created during the preparation and reduction of Pt/CeO₂ compared to its bare support. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Room temperature photoluminescence in crystalline/amorphous Er-doped Cd2V2O7

Er³⁺ ions were introduced into a new type of oxide matrixes prepared with different proportions of CdO and V₂O₅. The source of Er³⁺ employed was Er(NO₃)₃·5H₂O, which yielded an Er³⁺ concentration of ～1 at%. Depending on the reactants proportions, the samples resulted in crystalline or amorphous structures. X-ray diffraction indicated that the crystalline samples were constituted by polycrystalline Cd₂V₂O₇, in agreement with Raman spectroscopy measurements. Depending on the proportions of the component oxides, the band gap changed in the 2.49–1.77 eV energy range, as determined through photoacoustic spectroscopy. From photoluminescence spectra, the following electronic transitions of Er³⁺ were observed in both types of samples: {²H_11/2, ⁴S_3/2, ⁴F_9/2, ⁴I_9/2}→⁴I_15/2 and ⁴S_3/2→⁴I_13/2. In the case of crystalline samples manifolds, originating from the Stark effect, were measured for the {²H_11/2, ⁴S_3/2, ⁴F_9/2}→⁴I_15/2 and ⁴S_3/2→⁴I_13/2 transitions.     

Modelling ion-assisted deposition of CeO2 films

The theory presented explains quantitatively the experimentally observed increase in film density of a vapor-deposited CeO₂ film when bombarded during growth with low-energy O ₂ ⁺ ions. The density enhancement is expressed in terms of the yields for recoil implantation of surface atoms, ion incorporation and sputtering, which have been determined by employing a three-dimensional Monte Carlo cascade calculation. Ion-to-vapor flux ratios between 0 and 1.4 and O⁺ ion energies between 25 and 600 eV have been examined. The density shows an almost linear increase with the ratio of ion-to-vapor fluxes. An optimum O⁺ ion energy for densification is found at about 200 eV which is in agreement with experiment.