N、F共掺杂TiO2可见光响应光催化剂的酸催化水解法制备及表征

采用酸催化水解法由TiCl4、NH4F混合液合成N、F共掺杂可见光响应TiO2光催化剂(TONF).以苯酚为模型物,考察了催化剂在可见光区、紫外光区的催化活性.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外.可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、打描电子显微镜(SEM)及低温氮物理吸附对光催化剂的晶相结构、光谱特征和表面结构等进行表征.结果表明,适量的N、F共掺杂TONF催化剂表现出较高的可见光催化活性.N、F共掺杂可显著提高TiO2分散性能,促进锐钛矿相的形成,抑制其向金红石相转变,提高相转变温度.N掺杂可提高TiO2在可见光区的吸收;F掺杂可使TiO2能隙变窄.     

酸催化水解法制备可见光响应N掺杂纳米TiO2催化剂

 以TiCl4为钛源,采用酸催化水解法合成了TiO2前驱体,在NH3/N2气氛中经程序升温处理制得不同N掺杂量的TiO2可见光响应催化剂. 以苯酚为模型物,考察了催化剂在可见光及紫外光区的催化活性. 采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜和低温氮物理吸附对光催化剂的晶相结构、光谱特征和表面结构进行了表征. 结果表明,掺杂N后锐钛矿TiO2的可见光催化活性显著提高,在500 ℃焙烧5 h制得的催化剂在可见光区及紫外光区均表现出最高的光催化活性. N掺杂对TiO2的晶粒大小、比表面积和晶相结构影响不大. 适量N掺杂可在TiO2表面形成Ti-O-N键,形成了新的能级结构,使催化剂的吸收带边红移至490～550 nm; 同时该结构也可有效提高TiO2的紫外光催化活性.     

N、F共掺杂可见光响应介孔TiO2光催化剂:纤维素模板剂合成及活性

以纤维素为模板剂,TiCl4为钛源,采用液相水解-沉淀法制备了浅黄色的N、F共掺杂可见光响应介孔TiO2催化剂(TiONF)。以苯酚为模型物,考察了TiONF在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下催化活性;采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重/量热扫描(TG/DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)及低温N2物理吸附-脱附等技术对TiONF催化剂的结构进行了表征。结果表明,以纤维素为模板剂合成适量N、F共掺杂的TiONF催化剂在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下均表现出较高的活性,且高于无模板剂合成的TiONF催化剂的活性。N、F共掺杂提高了TiO2表面羟基数量和锐钛矿相TiO2向金红石相转变的温度;N掺杂形成新的能级结构,诱发TiO2可见光催化活性;F掺杂促进TiO2粒子表面氧空穴产生,致使TiO2粒子表面酸度和Ti3+增加。另外,纤维素的加入可减小TiONF颗粒平均尺寸,改善催化剂分散性,提高催化剂比表面积。     

具有可见光响应的C、N共掺杂TiO2纳米管光催化剂的制备

为了提高二氧化钛对可见光的利用效率,采用等离子体电解方法对二氧化钛实现了C、N共掺杂.掺杂通过等离子体电解HCONH2、NaNO2、(NH2)2CO产生活性N、C实现.XPS结果表明,C、N掺杂进入了氧化钛晶格.紫外漫反射光谱分析表明,氧化钛对可见光(＞400 nm)的响应增强,其光催化降解能力也大大增强.C、N共掺杂TiO2是一种利用太阳能的理想的光催化剂.     

离子液体-水混合介质中合成N、F共掺杂宽光域响应多孔TiO2光催化剂及性能

以TiCl4为钛源,离子液体-水为混合溶剂,采用液相水解-沉淀法制得浅黄色的N、F共掺杂宽光域响应多孔TiO2光催化剂(TiONF).以苯酚为模型物,考察了TiONF在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下催化活性.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱及低温N2吸附-脱附等技术对TiONF的结构进行表征.结果表明,在离子液体-水混合介质中合成适量N、F共掺杂的TiO2在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下均表现出较高的活性,且高于纯水介质中合成TiONF的活性.离子液体-水混合介质有利于N、F进入TiO2晶格中;N、F共掺杂后在TiO2表面生成Ti―O―N键,形成新的能级结构,使催化剂的吸收红移至450-530nm,诱发TiO2可见光催化活性;同时,N、F共掺杂提高了TiO2表面羟基数量;还提高了TiO2相转变温度,减缓了相转变速率.另外,在离子液体-水混合介质中合成的TiONF较纯水介质中合成的TiONF粒子小、分散性好、比表面积大.     

具有可见光响应的C、N共掺杂TiO2纳米管光催化剂的制备

为了提高二氧化钛对可见光的利用效率, 采用等离子体电解方法对二氧化钛实现了C、N共掺杂. 掺杂通过等离子体电解HCONH2、NaNO2、(NH2)2CO产生活性N、C实现. XPS结果表明, C、N掺杂进入了氧化钛晶格. 紫外漫反射光谱分析表明, 氧化钛对可见光(>400 nm)的响应增强, 其光催化降解能力也大大增强. C、N共掺杂TiO2是一种利用太阳能的理想的光催化剂.     

Pt、N共掺杂TiO2在可见光下对三氯乙酸的催化降解作用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮掺杂纳米TiO₂(N-TiO₂), 并用光分解沉积法在N-TiO₂表面负载微量金属Pt(0.5％(w)), 形成铂-氮共掺杂纳米TiO₂(Pt/N-TiO₂). 实验结果表明, Pt 、N共掺杂纳米TiO₂紫外可见光吸收边带较纳米TiO₂红移约20 nm, 并在400～500 nm处有弱的吸收. Pt/N-TiO₂电极在可见光区的光电流约为纳米TiO₂电极的6倍. 以Pt/N-TiO₂为催化剂, 催化三氯乙酸(TCA)光降解反应, 室温下经可见光照射2 h后TCA降解率约为8％. N掺杂减小了TiO₂的禁带能隙, 使它在可见光区具有光催化活性, 适量Pt掺杂抑制了光生载流子的复合, 加速了电子界面传递速度, Pt、N共掺杂使两种效应相结合, 进一步提高了光催化反应性能.     

Fe、N共掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及可见光光催化活性

应用电化学阳极氧化法结合浸渍和退火后处理制备了Fe和N共掺杂的TiO2纳米管阵列光催化剂,并用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱(AES)仪对其进行了表征.结果表明,Fe、N共掺杂对TiO2纳米管阵列的形貌和结构没有明显影响,Fe和N均掺入了TiO2晶格.紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射光谱显示Fe和N共掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列的吸收带边较纯TiO2纳米管阵列和单一掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列红移,可见光吸收增强.以可见光催化降解罗丹明B(RhB)考察了材料的光催化活性,Fe和N共掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列对RhB的降解速率较纯TiO2纳米管阵列和单一掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列明显提高,证明了Fe、N共掺杂产生的协同效应提高了TiO2纳米管阵列在可见光照射下的光催化活性.     

具有可见光响应的C、N共掺杂TiO2纳米管光催化剂的制备（英文）

为了提高二氧化钛对可见光的利用效率,采用等离子体电解方法对二氧化钛实现了C、N共掺杂.掺杂通过等离子体电解HCONH2、NaNO2、（NH2）2CO产生活性N、C实现.XPS结果表明,C、N掺杂进入了氧化钛晶格.紫外漫反射光谱分析表明,氧化钛对可见光（〉400nm）的响应增强,其光催化降解能力也大大增强.C、N共掺杂TiO2是一种利用太阳能的理想的光催化剂.     

氮-硫共掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性

采用研磨煅烧法,以硫脲(TU)作为氮源和硫源,H2TiO3(HT)为TiO2的前驱体,制备了不同TU/HT比例的N,S共掺杂TiO2光催化剂(NS/TiO2);利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、拉曼光谱仪、紫外-可见吸收光谱仪等分析了NS/TiO2的晶体结构、显微形貌、典型元素的化学状态以及光谱性质;利用BET法测定了NS/TiO2的比表面积,同时测定了其在可见光照下催化降解罗丹明B的活性.结果表明,当TU/HT质量比为0.5时,NS/TiO2的光催化活性最佳,光照70min时的罗丹明B降解率为44.4%.氮元素以NH3形式吸附在TiO2表面,硫元素以S6+形式存在,部分S6+取代Ti 4+的位置.与此同时N,S共掺杂使得TiO2的禁带宽度减小,可见光催化活性提高.     

Characterization of Visible Light Response N-F Codoped TiO2 Photocatalyst Prepared by Acid Catalyzed Hydrolysis

N-F codoped TiO₂ (TONF) photocatalysts were prepared using acid catalyzed hydrolysis method from mixed aqueous solution of TiCl₄ and NH₄F. The photocatalytic activity of the TONF was evaluated through the degradation of phenol under both visible and UV light irradiation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and N₂ adsorption isotherm were used to characterize the obtained powders. The results showed that N-F codoped TiO₂ exhibited significant improvement of visible light catalytic activity. N-F codoping could improve dispersion of TiO₂, inhibit particle size agglomeration, and retard phase transformation. Doped N could extend the light response of TiO₂ to visible light region. In addition, narrower band gap formed by F-doping was beneficial to the high visible light photocatalytic activity.     

CeO2/TiO2光催化剂的制备及其可见光脱氮性能

采用溶胶-凝胶和浸渍掺杂两步法合成了CeO₂/TiO₂光催化剂,并对催化剂的理化结构进行表征分析;以吡啶-正辛烷体系为模拟油品氮源,研究了该催化剂在可见光作用下的光催化脱氮行为,并探究了光催化脱氮的最佳反应条件。 结果表明,掺杂的铈主要以CeO₂的形式存在,且增强了催化剂在可见光区的吸收;在可见光辐照150 min的条件下,铈的掺杂量质量分数为8%,所制备的CeO₂/TiO₂催化剂投入量为1.0 g/L时,模拟油品中吡啶的脱氮率高达76.45%。     

Novel Bi2MoO6 Nanosheets/Vertical TiO2 Nanorods Arrays Heterojunction with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance under Visible Light Irradiation

Novel Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ heterojunction was fabricated by growing Bi₂MoO₆ nanosheets arrays on the vertically aligned TiO₂ nanorods arrays via a two-step solvothermal method. The obtained Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ hierarchical heterojunction showed excellent visible light photoelectrochemical performance. Compared with the pure TiO₂ and Bi₂MoO₆, the photocurrent density of the heterojunction was increased 57 and 29 times, respectively. Furthermore, the hydrogen generation rate of the Bi₂MoO₆/TiO₂ for photoelectrocatalytic water-splitting was about 6 times higher than that of the pure Bi₂MoO₆. The improved performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of enhanced absorption of visible light, increase of migration rate and separation efficiency of photo-induced carriers.     

核壳结构NH2-UiO-66@TiO2的制备及其可见光下的甲苯降解性能研究

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of significant interest for photocatalysis using visible light, but they are typically limited by the instability and high recombination ratio of photoexcited pairs. Integrating MOFs into an inorganic semiconductor is one of the most widespread methods to promote their activity. In this study, a core-shell structured MOF@TiO₂ (NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂) was synthesized as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of toluene. Pristine NH₂-UiO-66 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method as the core, which was then coated with an amorphous TiO₂ shell. Compared with pristine NH₂-UiO-66 and other samples prepared by the direct mixing of NH₂-UiO-66 and TiO₂, NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ exhibited a higher degradation rate of toluene. Using NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ as a catalyst, the degradation efficiency of toluene reached 76.7% within 3 h, which is 1.48 times higher than that of NH₂-UiO-66. The degradation performance was also stable in four repeated reuse experiments, and the slight deactivation was reactivated after washing with ethanol. A series of characterization methods were used to determine the physicochemical properties of NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using the measured physicochemical properties, the photocatalytic mechanism of NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ was explored. NH₂-UiO-66 is an ideal photocatalyst, with visible-light response and a huge specific surface area (914.9 m²·g^-1), which is favorable for the utilization of sunlight as well as the absorption of pollutants in indoor air. In addition, a new interface formed between the two components (NH₂-UiO-66 and TiO₂), which efficiently broaden the light absorption area and enhanced the utilization of photogenerated species. The photogenerated holes and electrons could transfer through the interlayer as soon as they were formed. It is speculated that holes would transfer to the HOMO of NH₂-UiO-66, and then combine with H₂O molecules to form hydroxyl radicals (·OH). At the same time, more electrons tended to combine with oxygen molecules in the conduction band of TiO₂ rather than recombine with holes. Consequently, the recombination rate of electrons and holes decreased, while the quantity of oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals increased. Toluene was efficiently oxidized by these two types of radicals. Owing to the outstanding properties mentioned above, the strategy of constructing NH₂-UiO-66@TiO₂ is considered to be an effective approach. This work may provide new insights into the design of core-shell structured MOF@photocatalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of indoor air pollutants.      

太阳光照射浮石负载二氧化钛降解氨氮废水

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ti O_2,并使Ti O_2负载在浮石上制备Ti O_2/浮石光催化剂。用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、电镜扫子显微描(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)表征浮石、Ti O_2及Ti O_2/浮石。在太阳光照射下,用Ti O_2/浮石处理模拟氨氮废水,以废水中氨氮降解率为标准,考察影响氨氮降解因素。结果表明,Ti O_2成功固定在浮石表面,负载率为3.71%;废水中氨氮降解率随太阳光照射时间、废水p H值、催化剂Ti O_2/浮石含量增加而增大。当初始氨氮浓度为500 mg/L、太阳照射180 min、废水p H=11、催化剂Ti O_2/浮石剂量为20 g/L时,氨氮降解率达82.0%,氨氮除去率86.8%,降解产物中未发现污染成分NO_2~-和NO_3~-产生。催化剂再生/催化3次,每次再生后氨氮降解率约下降10.0%。该方法快速、简单、低消耗和产生二次污染少,能有效地降解废水中的氨氮。     

有机改性TiO2光催化剂的制备及可见光催化性能

以染料黄叱精(Chrysoidine G)和TiO₂ (Degussa P25)为原料, 利用甲苯二异氰酸酯为桥连体, 成功合成了一种有机改性的TiO₂光催化剂. 采用XRD, TEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis对所得催化剂进行了表征, 以亚甲基蓝降解为探针反应, 考察其可见光催化性能. 结果表明: 甲苯二异氰酸酯在黄叱精和TiO₂之间形成了稳定的化学键, 从而实现了对TiO₂的表面有机改性; 改性后的TiO₂在可见光区(400～550 nm)有明显的吸收; 与未改性TiO₂相比, 有机改性的TiO₂催化剂在可见光照射下表现出了很好的光催化性能.     

纳米TiO2光催化剂的酸催化水解合成与表征

以TiCl4为钛源,采用酸催化水解法控制TiCl4水解速度,合成了纳米TiO2光催化剂。以苯酚的光催化降解为模型反应,考察了酸催化剂种类、水解温度、煅烧温度对TiO2光催化活性的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、低温氮物理吸附,分析了TiO2光催化剂的晶相结构、光谱特征以及表面形貌。结果表明,以HCl为催化剂、水解温度98℃、煅烧温度500℃下制得TiO2活性最高。最佳条件下合成的TiO2前驱体为无定型结构,400℃煅烧时几乎完全转化为锐钛矿相,800℃时完全转化为金红石相。随着煅烧温度升高,TiO2光吸收阈值红移,TiO2粒子尺寸增大,比表面积下降,光催化活性降低。