宽频大口径低温接收机噪声测试研究

为解决2～14 GHz宽频大口径馈源低温接收机等效噪声温度测试难度大的问题,研制了一套测试装置,论述了等效噪声温度测试基本理论和测试方法,分析了测试过程中商用通信频率和馈源张角对测试结果的影响.测试结果表明,在三个频率点2.2 GHz、8 GHz和14 GHz测试值分别为15.8 K、12.1 K和25.2K,均优于项...     

一种针对低温接收机杜瓦温度监测系统的研制

针对低温接收系统杜瓦设备,设计一种低温温度测量装置,从器件选型到各模块功能电路设计,都给出详细的论述。该测量装置具有软件识别分段测量功能,并且预留扩展接口,最多可同时测量8路模拟量,经过调试、校准,其已经成功应用于某高校低温接收系统杜瓦冷板温度测量,并且达到预期目的,运行可靠。     

低温接收机用压缩机远程控制系统设计

为了实现各个低温接收机站点在电力故障后或是执行观测任务时能远程控制压缩机制冷系统的启停,运用PIC6015单片机设计了一套氦气压缩机远程控制系统。该控制系统就近安装于压缩机上,通过RS485实现与上位机通信,从而远程控制氦气压缩机的启停,同时对氦气压缩机运行状态和氦气的进出气压力进行检测与告警,对低温接收机系统的安全稳定运行起到重要作用。     

低温接收机的应用及结构设计要点

介绍了低温接收机应用场合,真空罩组件及主要部件的结构设计要点和计算方法.     

低温接收机关键技术标准研究与制定

介绍了低温接收机产品结构、功能和用途。研究了低温接收机产品标准体系,提炼出低温接收机设计、测试和试验关键技术系列标准,阐述了关键技术标准的主要研究与制定内容。通过低温接收机关键技术标准研究与制定,可提高低温接收机产品的标准化水平,促进产品研制和生产质量提升。     

改善船舰噪声听觉辨识的特征注入法

为提高声纳员对舰船噪声的听测识别水平,本文提出了特征注入法及其实现方法。该方法通过对指定子带重构、子带加权重构和特征子带注入法三个核心环节的建模仿真,对船舰噪声进行重构,进而对重构后的舰船噪声进行听测识别和谱分析,并根据分析结果对重构方案进一步优化调整。结果表明,采用合理重构方案的特征注入法能有效改善人耳的听测辨识效果。     

7mm波段制冷接收机用低温微波单元

简要介绍了7mm波段制冷接收机的系统组成,详细分析了低温微波单元的设计思路与指标要求,给出了真空微波窗口、馈源极化网络、低温隔离器与低温放大器的设计过程与指标分配;最后对低温微波单元所需的杜瓦进行了热分析、密封性分析与结构设计。     

一种标定低温温度计的磁场关系的新方法

本文报道一种新的精确测定低温温度计的磁场关系的方法，即以准一维化合物（Ta1-xNbx）S3作为强磁场下的温度基准，测定电阻温度计的磁阻，利用该方法测定了Lake Shore Cryotronics出品的Cernox^TM温度计的相对磁阻系数α（T），结果与其它小组报道的相一致。     

低温接收机功率稳定度自动测量及数据处理的研究

低温接收机功率稳定度是表征低温接收机性能的主要指标之一,它反映低温接收机本身的稳定性和其对外界各种干扰因素的敏感程度。设计具有单纯环境的自动测量技术并在时域范围采用阿伦方差的方式对测量数据进行处理,计算得出低温接收机不同时间间隔的功率稳定度。该方法经过延伸后可用于测量低温、常温放大器等组部件,具有较好的实践性。     

医用低温温度标定方法

低温冷冻手术是以杀死病变细胞、组织,达到治愈疾病的目的,在-40℃以下的低温特别适合实体肿瘤的治疗,其治疗效果主要取决于冷冻温度和冻结界面范围,所以对温度的监测和控制十分重要。介绍了常用医用低温温度计的特点及分度,并提出了(77K-273K)温区的温度标定方法和标定装置控制逻辑系统。该标定装置可实现低温温度的标定,标定温度误差为0.1K。     

Infrared filters for cryogenic millimeterwave receivers

Filters are required to block infrared radiation from the low temperature regions of cryogenic receivers to reduce thermal loading and temperature gradients. The design and analysis of PTFE filters mounted on the radiation shield of a closed-cycle Joule-Thompson 4 K refrigerator is described. Calculations of the thennal transmission and emission of the filters are compared with measurements. It was found that the filters were not as effective as expected since the heat sinking of the material to the radiation shield was poor, but the overall heat load was less than anticipated since a thermal gradient developed across the polystyrene foam vacuum window, reducing its infrared emission.NRAO is operated under co-operative agreement with the National Science Foundation.     

低温放大器噪声测试平台结构设计与测试方法

本文介绍了一种低温放大器快速准确噪声测试方法,及低温测试平台的结构设计,分析了测试系统的测量误差,并给出测试平台在L波段低温放大器测试结果,噪声测试误差<±1.5 K。结果表明,高精度噪声测试系统的建立为低温放大器的研制提供了必要条件。     

低温低噪声放大器产品详细规范制定研究

介绍了低温低噪声放大器产品结构、功能和用途。分析了现行低温低噪声放大器相关标准的适用情况,针对噪声温度、可靠性等质量特性,提出了包含产品全部要求和内容的详细规范制定方案,研究了详细规范中性能参数、测试方法和环境试验等关键技术要素的制定。结果表明:该标准规范了低温低噪声放大器详细要求的制定方法,适用于该产品的设计、制造及质量评价。     

A new method for removing impulse noise based on noise space characteristic

This paper proposes a new method for eliminating impulse noise. Based on the space characteristic of object and noise, three kinds of basic noise patterns are introduced to describe noise and detect noise candidates. Correspondingly, noise removal operators are presented to remove the impulse noise. Extensive experiment results have shown that the proposed method is better than some of the state-of-the-art methods.     

A hybrid detrending method for fractional Gaussian noise

Determining trend and implementing detrending operations are important steps in data analysis. Yet there is neither precise definition of “trend” nor any logical algorithm for extracting it. In this paper, we propose a Hybrid Detrending Method (HDM) which is based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA). Our method can remove the polynomial and sinusoidal trends from the fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) background. We illustrate the method by selected examples from artificial time series and climate data. In comparison with existing frequency domain based detrending methods, our method is a posteriori, the trend defined by our method is only derived from the data. Further, our method also preserves the scaling behavior of the original signals.     

Low noise SIS mixer for 230 GHz receivers of plateau de bure interferometer

We present a SIS mixer developed for 200 – 250 GHz band receivers of Plateau de Bure Interferometer. We demonstrate the minimum DSB receiver noise of 20 K at 220 GHz. The average receiver noise of 25 K is possible in 200 – 250 GHz range. The receiver conversion gain and output noise instability of 10⁻⁴ on the time scale of 1 minute is comparable with the Shottky receivers performance. The minimum measured SIS mixer noise of about 10 K is close to the quantum limit. The waveguide SIS mixer with a single backshort has two junction array with inductively tuned junctions. The Nb/Al Oxide/Nb SIS junctions are 2.24 μm² each with the Josephson critical current density of 3.2 KA/cm². The thermal properties of the SIS mixer are studied. The mixer band of the low noise operation is in a good agreement with the design requirements.     

S波段低温低噪声放大器技术研究

介绍了低温低噪声放大器使用的HEMT(高迁移率晶体管)器件噪声模型的建立,对HEMT用S参数和噪声参数讲行仿直,获取适合的模型.给出了实例,放大器在低温10K工作,增益≥30dB,噪声温度≤4K.     

A gradient-free adaptation method for nonlinear active noise control

Active Noise Control (ANC) problems are often affected by nonlinear effects, such as saturation and distortion of microphones and loudspeakers. Nonlinear models and specific adaptation algorithms must be employed to properly account for these effects. The nonlinear structure of the problem complicates the application of gradient-based Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithms, due to the fact that exact gradient calculation requires executing nonlinear recursive filtering operations, which pose computational and stability issues. One favored solution to this problem consists in neglecting recursive terms in the gradient calculation, an approximation which is not always without consequences on the convergence performance. Besides, an efficient application of nonlinear models cannot avoid some form of model structure selection, to avoid the well-known effects of overparametrization and to reduce the computational load on-line. Unfortunately, the standard ANC setting configures an indirect identification problem, due to the presence of the secondary path in the control loop. In the nonlinear case, this destroys the linear regression structure of the problem even if the control filter is linear-in-the-parameters, thereby making it impossible to apply the many existing model selection methods for linear regression problems. A simple and computationally wise low demanding approach is here proposed for parameter estimation and model structure selection that provides an answer to the mentioned issues. The proposed method avoids altogether the use of the error gradient and relies on direct cost function evaluations. A virtualization scheme is used to assess the accuracy improvements when the model is subject to parametric or structural modifications, without directly affecting the control performance. Several simulation examples are discussed to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

低温接收机用低相噪频率源

介绍了实现P波段低相噪点频源的两种方法,分别分析倍频和锁相两种方法的基本原理,给出了实现电路形式,并测试两种电路的相位噪声,分别为-119.8d Bc/Hz@1k Hz和-114.6d Bc/Hz@1k Hz,对比了两种实现方法优劣。     

一种快速产生数字式高精度高斯噪声的新方法

伪随机噪声在信号分析和信号处理中具有重要的实用价值，高晰随机信号是一种最常用的信号形式，本文给出一种产生高斯噪声序列的新方法，利用先进的ＤＳＰ芯片编程技术，将高速产生的均匀分布噪声进行抽样变换，得到了高精度的高斯分析噪声序列，因此这种方法产生的高斯噪声统计特性好，周期长，性能稳定，符合声纳和通信等有关领域的要求，本文给出了原理分析，系统设计及实际应用结果。