碘催化合成三乙基膦酰乙酸酯

首次报道了碘对M ichaelArbuzov重排反应的催化作用.以亚磷酸三乙酯与2-卤代乙酸乙酯为原料,碘作催化剂,反应温度80℃,反应时间2 h,三乙基膦酰乙酸酯的产率达到90%-98%.     

固定床反应器电合成乙醛酸的研究

以过饱和草酸水溶液为阴极液 ,盐酸为阳极液 ,在固定床电解槽中草酸电还原得到乙醛酸 .考察改变固定床的结构、电解温度及电流密度对生成乙醛酸电流效率和产率的影响 .结果表明 ,以铅粒作阴极 ,石墨板作阳极 ,电流密度 96 .3A·m- 2 ,阴极液空速 0 .5 0 5m·s- 1,电解温度 32℃时 ,在固定床双阳极室内反应 4 5min ,乙醛酸的电流效率仍达到 6 6 .2 % ,浓度 2 .0 2 %     

双阳离子型室温离子液体中Suzuki偶联反应研究

合成了具有钳子型的双咪唑阳离子核的室温离子液体2,它的相转变温度为-51℃,热力学分解温度为412℃,利用该离子液体作反应溶剂研究了不同钯催化剂PdCl2,Pd(OAc)2,Pd-NHC配合物3存在下的Suzuki偶联反应.结果表明:在NaOAc作碱,0.5 mol%的Pd-NHC配合物3存在下溴代苯衍生物与苯硼酸反应具有较高的活性,产率可以达到85%以上,Pd-NHC配合物3催化剂能更好地负载在钳子型双阳离子核室温离子液体2中,该反应体系能重复循环使用多次,且分离简单、重现性强、环境友好.     

奎宁修饰的纳米铑簇合物催化丙酮酸乙酯对映选择性加氢反应研究

研究了奎宁作手性修饰剂修饰的负载型纳米铑簇合物催化剂 (Rh/ PVP-γ-Al2 O3)催化丙酮酸乙酯不对称氢化反应 ,在该反应中手性修饰剂奎宁不仅具有手性诱导作用 ,而且还有明显加速反应的作用 ;载体γ-Al2 O3在促进提高催化剂活性和对映选择性方面也有很重要的影响 .在优化的反应条件 [2 0℃ ,7.0 MPaH2 ,c(奎宁 ) =3 .86× 1 0 - 3mol/ L,四氢呋喃作溶剂 ]下 ,丙酮酸乙酯不对称加氢的转化频率 (TOF)为871 h- 1 ,对映选择性达到了 5 4.7% ;反应温度降低到 3℃时 ,对映选择性达到 5 9.2 % .     

PEO基纳米复合聚合物电解质电化学性质的研究

以PEO8 LiClO4作母体,纳米SiO2为填料,制成PEO8 LiClO4 SiO2(x%)系列复合聚合物电解质,测定这该电解质的电导率、锂离子迁移数和电化学稳定窗口,并对其晶态结构作差热分析表征.结果表明,纳米SiO2的引入,显著提高了电解质的电导率,在22℃时达到4.3×10-5S·cm-1.此外,还探讨了填料对复合聚合物电解质电导率提高的影响机理.     

液态铁中的钒铁平衡

在研究液态铁中元素的热力学性质及元素脱氧能力的气液平衡装置上对气体预热部分作了改进,以便充分消除热扩散的影响。采用该装置,使具有一定氧位的H₂O-H₂-Ar混合气体分别在1600℃、1650℃、1700℃下与含钒熔体达到平衡状态,研究了Fe-O-V三元系([%V]<1.0%)。     

1kW熔融碳酸盐燃料电池组研制

1kW熔融碳酸盐燃料电池 (MCFC)组由有效电极面积为 2 4 0mm× 140mm的 30个单电池组成 .系统采用内部分配方式供给气体 ,通过设在电池组底部和四个侧面的电炉丝进行加热 .在常压和 65 0℃条件下 ,分别以氢气和空气作燃料和氧化剂 ,放电电流密度为 15 0mA/cm2 时 ,平均每电池的输出电压达到 0 .7V .在运行的 30 0h内 ,电池组峰值输出功率达到 1.0 6kW .     

硫在Ni_(110)表面偏析的角分辨俄歇研究

本实验采用LEED及角分辨俄歇两种手段,对硫在Ni_(110)表面的偏拆作了详细的分拆。角分辨俄歇表明:Ni_(110)表面硫的偏折存在一硫的深度分布,分布层厚度大约为2～3镍原子层厚度。而LEED观察表明,当退火温度达到900℃退火4～5秒,将得到清晰的C_(2×2)图形。     

费—托合成铁催化剂中金属与担体相互作用的考察

将费-托合成铁催化剂Fe/Al_2O_3和Fe/SiO_2在空气中经一系列温度(25、120、480、650、780和1000℃)予处理并在相同条件(H_2、480℃、4h)下还原,然后作原位穆斯堡尔谱和高分辨电镜的考察,结果表明,在较低温度下予处理时,随着予处理温度的升高,Fe/Al_2O_3和Fe/SiO_2中的铁被还原为Fe(O)的量增加,但当达到某一温度(Fe/Al_2O_3为650℃、Fe/SiO_2为480℃)时出现了转折,即随着予处理温度的增加,Fe(O)%降低,意味着MSI由原来的减弱变为增强。在较低的予处理温度时,生成了难以还原的铝酸铁盐和硅酸铁盐,使MSI效应为主。适当增强MSI对提高低碳烯烃选择性有利。     

硒催化下CO/H2O还原硝基苯制苯胺

 采用硒作催化剂，不使用任何助催化剂，用CO／H2O对硝基苯进行还原得到了苯胺．考察了反应时间、CO压力、反应温度、水量、硒粉用量和溶剂等因素对反应的影响．以四氢呋喃作溶剂，在n（H2O）／n（PhNO2）＝10，n（Se）／n（PhNO2）＝0．02，p（CO）＝4MPa，θ＝160℃，t＝3h时，硝基苯转化率可达到98．2％，生成苯胺的选择性为100％．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.