血镁、血脂与脑血管病的关系

为探讨血清镁、血脂与脑血管疾病的关系 ,测定和比较了脑梗死 83例、脑出血 79例患者的血清镁 (Mg)、总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)水平 ,并与 3 2例非脑血管病患者进行了比较。结果表明 ,脑梗死组血清Mg、HDL -C水平降低均与对照组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ,其中脑梗死组血清Mg明显低于脑出血组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;脑出血组血清Mg水平降低、TG水平升高均与对照组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ;三组患者间的血清TC、LDL -C水平无明显差别。提示血清Mg和HDL-C水平降低以及血清TG水平升高可能是增加脑梗死和脑出血发生的危险因素。     

高血压性脑出血患者院前急诊临床探析

目的探索院前急诊实践于高血压性脑出血患者的医学价值。方法鹰潭市解放军第一八四医院抢救的60例高血压性脑出血患者中给予院前急诊,将其纳入观察组,60例高血压性脑出血患者中没有给予院前急诊,将其纳入对照组,分析院前急诊的价值。结果尚未实施院前急诊的对照组的死亡率达到6.67%,致残率达到13.33%,抢救成功率为80.0%。给予院前急诊的观察组的死亡率为1.67%,致残率为1.67%,抢救成功率为96.67%。结论院前急诊实践于高血压性脑出血患者可在某种程度上提高抢救效果。     

前瞻性护理干预对脑出血术后患者便秘的影响

目的分析前瞻性护理干预对脑出血术后患者便秘的影响。方法选取万载县人民医院2014年1月—2015年1月收治脑出血患者66例,分为两组,对照组用常规护理,研究组用前瞻性护理干预,分析护理后对患者便秘的影响。结果护理后,研究组并发症发生率,与对照组有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前瞻性护理干预能够有效缓解脑出血术后患者便秘发生率,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

肺泡灌洗在高血压脑出血并病发肺感染中的应用

观察肺泡灌洗在高血压脑出血并病发肺感染中的应用。方法选择GCS评分4—8分的高血压脑出血并病发肺感染患者58例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各29例,两组患者均给予基础治疗,实验组在基础治疗的基础上施行肺泡灌洗,对照组未施行肺泡罐洗,观察比较两组的治疗效果。结果实验组有25例肺部感染控制,控制时间9．1d,对照组19例肺部感染控制,控制时间15．2d,实验组肺部感染控制率明显高于对照组,且控制时间明显短于对照组,两组相比差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。肺泡灌洗能有效控制高血压脑出血并病发的肺部感染,提高存活率,减少治疗时间,提高患者生活质量,且无严重并发症。     

软产道血肿的观察和护理体会

为探讨软产道血肿发生的原因,预防和减少阴道分娩的并发症,对12例软产道血肿发生的情况及相关因素进行了分析。结果表明,软产道血肿的形成与有无妊娠合并症、产程长短、助产技术密切相关。提示做好围产期保健工作,提高助产技术,加强产后的观察与护理,是防止软产道血肿的关键。     

脑出血与脑梗塞患者脑脊液中微量元素含量的比较及意义

为比较脑出血和脑梗塞后脑脊液中5种微量元素的变化,用等离子体发射光谱仪测定了两种脑卒中患者脑脊液中的Zn、Cu、Fe、P、Ca含量。结果表明,脑出血组脑脊液中5种微量元素含量均高于脑梗塞组。提示脑出血在急性期对脑组织的破坏可能比脑梗塞严重;脑出血对神经细胞兴奋性的升高可能较脑梗塞严重。     

MSCT在胃癌分期诊断及化疗疗效预测中的应用

本研究旨在探讨在胃癌分期诊断及化疗疗效预测中应用多层螺旋CT(MSCT)的价值。选取100例胃癌患者进行本次研究,患者均接受新辅助化疗治疗,并行MSCT检查,根据化疗的疗效分组,有效组患者39例,无效组患者61例。研究结果显示：MSCT T分期与病理T分期Kappa值为0.706(P<0.05),MSCT T分期诊断准确率为79.00%;MSCT N分期与病理N分期Kappa值为0.718(P<0.05),MSCT N分期诊断准确率为83.00%;有效组CT肿瘤密度减低率、CT肿瘤体积减少率明显高于无效组(P<0.05);CT肿瘤密度减低率、CT肿瘤体积减少率预测化疗有效的ROC曲线下面积分别0.922和0.811(P<0.05)。胃癌分期应用MSCT有较好的诊断价值,且可预测化疗疗效。     

低温燃烧法制备掺杂NiO的Beta-Al_2O_3固体电解质

以Li_2O为稳定剂,柠檬酸(CA)为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶低温燃烧法制备掺杂Ni O的Beta-Al_2O_3固体电解质.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重/差热(TG/DSC)分析及抗弯强度、体积密度和交流阻抗测试研究了固体电解质的结构与性能.结果表明,当NiO的含量(质量分数)达到0.10%时,Beta-Al_2O_3固体电解质的形貌致密,β″相含量达到88.33%,相对体积密度为99.75%,抗弯强度为248 MPa,350℃下的电导率为0.108 S/cm.     

静电位阻模型在纳滤膜跨膜电位解析中的应用

采用静电位阻模型对纳滤膜的跨膜电位进行了理论解析, 考察了溶液体积通量密度、原料液浓度、阴阳离子扩散系数比、膜孔半径和膜体积电荷密度对KCl(1-1型电解质)和MgCl2(2-1型电解质)中的纳滤膜跨膜电位的影响. 研究结果表明, 随着通量密度的增大, KCl和MgCl₂的跨膜电位线性程度增强; 两种电解质的跨膜电位均随着原料液浓度和膜孔半径的增大而下降; 在不同的考察范围内, 阴阳离子扩散系数比对1-1型和2-1型电解质的跨膜电位的影响差别较大; KCl的跨膜电位随着膜体积电荷密度的变化关于零点呈现出对称性, 而MgCl₂的跨膜电位零点则出现在膜体积电荷密度为负的条件下.     

乳腺癌术前及术后血清VEGF-C水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌术前及术后血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)水平的变化及临床意义.方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定64例乳腺癌患者术前、术后血清VEGF-C水平的变化,并同时测定正常对照组30例血清VEGF-C的水平.结果:乳腺癌患者术后1个月血清VEGF-C的表达水平较术前比较,其表达水平明显下降,经统计学处理,差异有显著性(P<0.01).乳腺癌患者术前有转移组血清VEGF-C的表达水平明显高于无转移组(P<0.01).乳腺癌组术前血清VEGF-C的表达水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01).结论:VEGF-C在乳腺癌的发生发展中具有重要作用,血清VEGF-C的的表达水平高低可能与侵袭性的生物学行为有密切关系.     

心脏外科手术后脑梗死患者的影像学特点及相关因素分析

本文对心脏外科手术后脑梗死患者的影像学特点及发生脑梗死的相关因素进行探讨。选取本院心脏外科手术患者286例作为研究对象,术后34例发生脑梗死,按照手术方式的不同将脑梗死患者分为体外循环组(11例)和非体外循环组(23例),比较两组术后脑梗死的影像学特点,并对心脏外科手术后脑梗死的影响因素进行分析。研究发现,两组穿支梗死、分水岭梗死、多发梗死、陈旧梗死的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);体外循环组皮层梗死的发生率明显低于非体外循环组,体外循环组大面积梗死、双侧梗死的发生率明显高于非体外循环组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经单因素分析,性别、空腹血糖、TC、TG、LDL-C、Hcy、吸烟、饮酒不是心脏外科手术后脑梗死的影响因素(P>0.05),年龄、文化程度、高血压病史、糖尿病为心脏外科手术后脑梗死的影响因素(P<0.05),经多因素二元Logistic回归分析,年龄高、文化程度低、高血压病史≥10、有糖尿病,是心脏外科手术后脑梗死的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结果显示,体外循环手术常为大面积梗死、双侧梗死,症状较重,而非体外循环手术常为皮层梗死,且两者分水岭梗死较多,均与栓塞和低灌注有关。心脏外科手术后脑梗死与年龄高、文化程度低、高血压病史≥10、有糖尿病密切相关,早期给予针对性预防干预可能降低脑梗死的发生。     

An investigation of the yield and postyield behavior and corresponding structure of poly(methyl methacrylate)

The mechanical behavior of glassy polymers is time and temperature dependent as evidenced by their viscoelastic and viscoplastic response to loading. The behavior is also known to depend strongly on the prior history of the material, changing with time and temperature without chemical intervention. In this investigation, we examine the effects of this process of physical aging on the yield and postyield behavior and corresponding evolution in the structural state of glassy polymers. This has been achieved through a systematic program of uniaxial, isothermal, constant strain–rate tests on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) specimens of different thermal histories and by performing positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) measurements prior to and after mechanical deformation. PALS is an indicator of the free volume content, probing size and density of free volume sites and can be considered to be a measurement of structural state. The results of the mechanical tests show that aging acts to increase both the initial yield stress and the amount of strain softening which occurs subsequent to yield. Moreover, the amount of strain softening was found to be independent of strain rate indicating that softening is related to an evolution in structure as opposed to deformation kinetics. Furthermore, after sufficient inelastic straining, the initial thermal history is completely erased as evidenced by identical values of flow stress following strain softening, for both annealed and quenched polymer. Strong confirmation of the structural state or free volume related nature of the strain softening process is obtained by our companion PALS measurements. PALS detects an increase in the size of free volume sites following inelastic deformation and finds the initially annealed and quenched specimens to posses the same post-deformation distribution. The size of sites is found to evolve steadily with inelastic strain until it attains a steady-state value. This evolution of free volume with strain follows the observed softening of the flow stress to a steady-state value. These results provide experimental evidence that an increase in free volume with inelastic straining accompanies the strain softening phenomenon in glassy polymers and that strain softening is indeed a de-aging process. Based on our experimental results a mechanistically based constitutive model has been formulated to describe the effects of thermal history on the yield and postyield deformation behavior of glassy polymers up to moderate strains. The model is found to successfully capture the effects of physical aging, strain softening, strain rate, and temperature on the inelastic behavior of glassy polymers when compared with experimental results. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Effect of plasticizer concentration on the hysteresis,tear strength and stress-relaxation characteristics of black-loaded rubber vulcanizate

The effect of plasticizer concentration on the stress softening, tear strength and stress relaxation of black loaded bromobutyl rubber vulcanizate has been investigated. The stress softening in the rubber vulcanizate, an energy dissipative process at higher strain, may be explained primarily by changes that take place in the rubber phase of the filled vulcanizate. Increased plasticizer concentration leads to decrease in the equilibrium hysteresis. A quantitative relationship between energy density and hysteresis has been derived, which is applicable at and below the elongation at break. Increase in plasticizer concentration results in decrease in the effective diameter of the tip of the tear, which in turn decreases the tear strength. Rate of relaxation decreases with increase in the plasticizer concentration in the carbon-black-filled vulcanizate.     

Effect of orientation on the free volume and oxygen transport of a polypropylene copolymer

The effect of uniaxial orientation on the free‐volume and oxygen‐transport properties of a propylene copolymer with 4.5 wt % ethylene was examined. The free‐volume hole size and hole density were measured with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Subsequently, the free‐volume characteristics were correlated with the oxygen‐transport properties. Orientation had only a small effect on the total amount of free volume: a small increase in the hole density was offset by a small decrease in the hole size. As a result, the oxygen solubility and amorphous‐phase density were unchanged by orientation. However, a pronounced decrease in the oxygen diffusivity when the draw ratio exceeded 6 indicated a change in the dynamic free volume. This was attributed to an increasing number of taut tie chains, which retarded oxygen diffusion. The reduced amorphous chain mobility was also manifest in the increased glass‐transition temperature, decreased bulk thermal expansivity, and decreased expansivity of free‐volume holes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1230–1243, 2005     

精制蝮蛇抗栓酶对人体内锌铜铁的影响

对126例脑血栓形成患者用精制蝮蛇抗栓酶（Svate-3)治疗,探讨了用药前后头发微量元素锌、铜、铁的变化。结果表明,用药后人体内Zn含量高地用药前,且有显著性差异（P＜0.01)。Zn/Cu比值降低。     

出血性中风患者头发微量元素铬硒锰镁锌铜铁测定分析

检测了１９３例急性脑出血和１５例老年性蛛网膜下腔出血患者头发中铬，硒，锰，镁，锌，铜，铁含量，结果表明，出血性中风患者发铬，硒，锰，镁，锌含量均降低，铜升高，铁正常。讨论了该病与微量元素的关系。