New examples (and counterexamples) of complete finite-rank differential varieties

Differential algebraic geometry seeks to extend the results of its algebraic counterpart to objects defined by differential equations. Many notions, such as that of a projective algebraic variety, have close differential analogues but their behavior can vary in interesting ways. Workers in both differential algebra and model theory have investigated the property of completeness of differential varieties. After reviewing their results, we extend that work by proving several versions of a “differential valuative criterion" and using them to give new examples of complete differential varieties. We conclude by analyzing the first examples of incomplete, finite-rank projective differential varieties, demonstrating a clear difference from projective algebraic varieties.     

On the equivalence of two differential equations by means of reflecting functions coinciding

In this article, we discuss the equivalence of two differential systems by using the method of reflecting functions. We obtain some necessary and sufficient conditions under which certain differential equations are equivalent. Given these results, new types of differential systems equivalent to the given systems can be found. We also discussed the qualitative behavior of the periodic solutions of such differential systems. These results are new, in the sense that they generalize previous discussions on the equivalence of differential systems.     

OSCILLATION OF THE SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF NEUTRAL TYPE

This paper, deals with the oscillatory properties of a class of hyperbolic functional differential equations and obtains a set of criterions, by using some results of functional differential inequality. These results reveal that the varied difference between hyperbolic functional differential equations and hyperbolic differential equations.     

Dichotomies for generalized ordinary differential equations and applications

In this work we establish the theory of dichotomies for generalized ordinary differential equations, introducing the concepts of dichotomies for these equations, investigating their properties and proposing new results. We establish conditions for the existence of exponential dichotomies and bounded solutions. Using the correspondences between generalized ordinary differential equations and other equations, we translate our results to measure differential equations and impulsive differential equations. The fact that we work in the framework of generalized ordinary differential equations allows us to manage functions with many discontinuities and of unbounded variation.     

Application to differential transformation method for solving systems of differential equations

In this paper, we present an analytical solution for different systems of differential equations by using the differential transformation method. The convergence of this method has been discussed with some examples which are presented to show the ability of the method for linear and non-linear systems of differential equations. We begin by showing how the differential transformation method applies to a non-linear system of differential equations and give two examples to illustrate the sufficiency of the method for linear and non-linear stiff systems of differential equations. The results obtained are in good agreement with the exact solution and Runge–Kutta method. These results show that the technique introduced here is accurate and easy to apply.     

Differential phase space reconstructed for chaotic time series

A new numerical differential filter is built to estimate the numerical differential for a chaotic time series and then a differential phase space for the chaotic time series is reconstructed. Correlation dimensions, Lyapunov exponents and forecasting are discussed for the chaotic time series on the reconstructed differential phase space and on the delay phase space, respectively. Comparison results show that the numerical results on the differential phase space are better than that on the delay phase space.     

Nondegeneracy and uniqueness of positive solutions for Robin problem of second order ordinary differential equations and its applications

This article studies positive solutions of Robin problem for semi-linear second order ordinary differential equations. Nondegeneracy and uniqueness results are proven for homogeneous differential equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of one or two positive solutions for inhomogeneous differential equations or differential equations with concave-convex nonlinearities are obtained by making use of the nondegeneracy and uniqueness results for positive solutions of homogeneous differential equations.     

Stability of discontinuous Cauchy problems in Banach space

We present Lyapunov stability results, including Converse Theorems, for a class of discontinuous dynamical systems (DDS) determined by differential equations in Banach space or Cauchy problems on abstract spaces. We demonstrate the applicability of our results in the analysis of several important classes of DDS, including systems determined by functional differential equations, Volterra integro-differential equations and partial differential equations.     

Banach空间中微分包含的生存单调轨道与解的稳定性

我们在无限维空间中研究微分包含的生存W—单调轨道的存在性．基于Zorn引理，我们给出了一个逼近方法，在较弱的条件下得到了一个存在性定理，其特殊情形则包含了已有的生存定理和微分方程理论中的若干结果作为应用，我们首先研究了微分包含生存解的整体存在性，得到了整体生存理．然后我们研究了微分包含解的稳定性，得到一些新的结果．     

On four-point boundary value problems for differential inclusions and differential equations with and without multivalued moving constraints

We deal with the problems of four boundary points conditions for both differential inclusions and differential equations with and without moving constraints. Using a very recent result we prove existence of generalized solutions for some differential inclusions and some differential equations with moving constraints. The results obtained improve the recent results obtained by Papageorgiou and Ibrahim-Gomaa. Also by means of a rather different approach based on an existence theorem due to O. N. Ricceri and B. Ricceri we prove existence results improving earlier theorems by Gupta and Marano.     

高阶变系数函数方程的非振动解

给出一类高阶非线性函数方程的一些新的非振动准则,并且给出了在差分方程中的若干应用,结果改进和推广了近期文献的某些结果.     

First-order impulsive ordinary differential equations with advanced arguments

This paper deals with impulsive advanced ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions. We investigate the existence of solutions and quasisolutions for advanced impulsive differential equations. To obtain such results we apply Schauder's fixed point theorem. Corresponding results are also formulated for differential inequalities.     

Strong differential subordination and superordination of analytic functions

Strong differential subordination and superordination results are obtained for analytic functions in the open unit disk by investigating appropriate classes of admissible functions. New strong differential sandwich-type results are also obtained.     

Linear measure functional differential equations with infinite delay

We use the theory of generalized linear ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces to study linear measure functional differential equations with infinite delay. We obtain new results concerning the existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of solutions. Even for equations with a finite delay, our results are stronger than the existing ones. Finally, we present an application to functional differential equations with impulses.     

Dissipativity of Runge-Kutta methods for Volterra functional differential equations

This paper is concerned with the numerical dissipativity of nonlinear Volterra functional differential equations (VFDEs). We give some dissipativity results of Runge-Kutta methods when they are applied to VFDEs. These results provide unified theoretical foundation for the numerical dissipativity analysis of systems in ordinary differential equations (ODEs), delay differential equations (DDEs), integro-differential equations (IDEs), Volterra delay integro-differential equations (VDIDEs) and VFDEs of other type which appear in practice. Numerical examples are given to confirm our theoretical results.     

Differential mixed variational inequalities in finite dimensional spaces

In this paper, we introduce and study a class of differential mixed variational inequalities in finite dimensional Euclidean spaces. Under various conditions, we obtain linear growth and bounded linear growth of the solution set for the mixed variational inequalities. Moreover, we present some conclusions which enrich the literature on the mixed variational inequalities and generalize the corresponding results of [4]. In particular we prove existence theorems for weak solutions of a differential mixed variational inequality in the weak sense of Carathéodory by using a result on differential inclusions involving an upper semicontinuous set-valued map with closed convex values. Also by employing the results from differential inclusions we establish a convergence result on Euler time-dependent procedure for solving initial-value differential mixed variational inequalities.     

有红利美式看跌期权定价的Crank-Nicolson有限差分法

本文基于B-S微分方程,采用Crank-Nicolson差分格式(简称C-N差分格式)求解支付固定红利的美式看跌期权价值,给出实证分析,并对C-N差分格式和隐含的差分格式进行了比较.结果表明,用C-N差分格式可以得到更加精确、有效的数值解.     

Systems of matrix rational differential equations arising in connection with linear stochastic systems with Markovian jumping

In this paper, a class of systems of matrix nonlinear differential equations containing as particular cases the systems of coupled Riccati differential equations arising in connection with control of some linear stochastic systems is considered.The system of differential equations considered in this paper are converted in a suitable nonlinear differential equation on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space adequately choosen.This allows us to use the positivity properties of the linear evolution operator defined by the linear differential equations of Lyapunov type.Our aim is to investigate properties of stabilizing and bounded solutions of the considered differential equations and to obtain some conditions ensuring the existence of such solutions.Conditions providing the existence of a maximal solution (minimal solution respectively) with respect to some classes of global solutions are presented. It is shown that if the coefficients of the equations are periodic functions all these special solutions (stabilizing, maximal, minimal) are periodic functions, too.Whenever possible the probabilistic arguments were avoided and so the results proved in the paper appear as results in the field of differential equations with interest in themselves.     

微分包含的周期生存轨道

对微分包含的周期生存轨道进行了研究讨论。首先给出微分包含生存问题的一约化性质;然后,利用投影微分包含的方法给出有限维空间中微分包含的周期生存轨道的一个存在性结果;在此基础上,利用Galerkin逼近方法得到Hilbert空间中偏微分包含周期生存轨道的存在性定理。