用加权残值法求压杆的临界载荷

用加权残值法求压杆的临界载荷刘悦藏（河北工学院材料力学教研室，天津３００１３２）加权残值法是一种求解微分方程的方法。它不是严格地求微分方程的解析解，而是直接从微分方程得出问题的近似解。与其它数值法相比，它没有完全抛弃已有的理论解。由于此法原理简单、方...     

非保守力作用下FGM矩形板的稳定性分析

对受均布随从力作用的功能梯度材料(FGM)矩形板,引入应力函数,得到了以应力函数和挠度函数表示的耦合运动微分方程组。用Fourier级数法研究了四边简支FGM非保守矩形板的稳定性,给出了不同边长比和不同梯度指标下频率和发散载荷的变化曲线,以及梯度指标变化对频率和发散载荷的影响。     

升阶试函数族在矩形板大挠度问题中的应用

为解决加权残值法求近似解的计算精度问题，将摄动法与加权残值法相结合，首先以板中心挠度为摄动参数进行摄动，将矩形板大挠度非线性偏微分方程组分解为线性偏微分方程组，然后用最小二乘法求解．求解中构造并应用了可以由控制参数，调节的升阶试函数族，计算结果与实验结果基本一致，与以前的研究比较，计算精度明显提高．该方法对于寻求最佳试函数和最佳近似值是一种有效的方法．     

用加权残数法解具有小参数摄动的Dufing方程

本文在作参数摄动基础上，应用加权残值法中的配点法解具有小参数的Ｄｕｆｉｎｇ方程，把原来多次解具有初值问题的微分方程变成解代数方程组，使解过程更加简单明了     

轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应

利用简正模态法研究各种集中载荷和分布载荷作用下单对称轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的弯扭耦合动力响应。该弯扭耦合梁所受到的载荷可以是集中载荷或沿着梁长度分布的分布载荷。目前研究中采用考虑了轴向载荷、剪切变形和转动惯量影响的Timoshenko薄壁梁理论。首先建立轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁结构的普遍运动微分方程并进行其自由振动的分析。一旦得到轴向受载的Timoshenko薄壁梁的固有频率和模态形状，利用简正模态法计算薄壁梁结构的弯扭耦合动力响应。针对具体算例，提出并讨论了动力弯曲位移和扭转位移的数值结果。     

用加权残数法解具有小参数摄动的Dufing方程

本文在作参数摄动基础上，应用加权残值法中的配点法解具有小参数的Ｄｕｆｉｎｇ方程，把原来多次解具有初值问题的微分方程变成解代数方程组，使解过程更加简单明了     

轴对称von Korman位移型方程的打靶法求解

本文采用常微分方程两点边值问题的打靶法，建立了圆薄板轴对称大挠度弯曲ｖｏｎＫáｒｍáｎ位移型方程的自动求解过程．作为例子，分析了圆薄板在均布横向截荷作用下的非线性弯曲问题，给出了载荷参数大范围变化的解曲线     

轴对称von Korman位移型方程的打靶法求解

本文采用常微分方程两点边值问题的打靶法，建立了圆薄板轴对称大挠度弯曲ｖｏｎＫáｒｍáｎ位移型方程的自动求解过程．作为例子，分析了圆薄板在均布横向截荷作用下的非线性弯曲问题，给出了载荷参数大范围变化的解曲线     

非保守圆薄板的轴对称振动和稳定性

建立了受切向均布随从力作用的圆薄板在面内周边可移、不可移两种情况下的轴对称控制方程，用打靶法直接导出求解变系数常微分方程特征值问题数值解的计算式．通过数值计算，给出了周边可移、不可移的简支、固支圆板自振频率和临界载荷的特征曲线以及相应的临界发散载荷，并分析了泊松比对圆板自振频率和临界载荷的影响．     

二次非线性粘弹性圆板的2/1+3/1超谐解

计及材料的非线性弹性和粘性性质，研究了圆板在简谐载荷作用下的2／1＋3／1超谐解，导出了相应的非线性动力方程。提出一类强非线性动力系统的叠加－叠代谐波平衡法。将描述动力系统的二阶常微分方程，化为基本解为未知函数的基本微分方程；及分岔解为未知函数的增量微分方程。通过叠加－迭代谐波平衡法得出了圆板的2／1＋3／1超谐解。对叠加迭代谐波平衡法和数值积分法进行了比较，两者结果吻合很高。并且讨论了2／1＋3／1超谐解的渐近稳定性。     

基于局部DQ-RBF不可压缩N-S方程的数值求解

以RBF作为DQ方法的基函数,将迎风机制引入DQ-RBF中,建立了二维不可压缩黏性N-S方程数值求解模型,采用Levenberg-Marquardt算法求解非线性方程组.求解时分析了形状参数对求解精度的影响,改进了边界速度的处理方法.对平板Couette流及有限宽台阶绕流流动问题进行了数值求解.比较了本文方法和FLUE...     

转动柱壳动力特性的精确解法

为研究转动柱壳的动力特性，在基于结构真实偏微分方程的基础上，提出一种精确解法，因而不用离散结构。应用这一方法需先求出由于转动的离心力带来的初始应变。然后通过对边界条件的处理，获得对应于变系数微分方程组的特征值问题，经过算例验证，本方法是可行的。通过算例，总结了转动圆柱壳行波振动的一般性质。     

非线性动力方程的三次样条-增维精细算法

提出一种针对非线性动力方程的改进精细积分方法。该方法是在时间步长内采用分段的三次样条函数拟合非齐次项,保持高精度拟合的同时避免了求导运算和高次多项式插值带来的Runge现象。通过引入4×2个变量将动力方程增加四维转化为齐次方程,并建立相应的通解格式,避免了状态空间下系统矩阵求逆。将指数矩阵分为四个子模块,利用各模块的特点分别进行理论推导及基于精细积分法进行分步、分块计算得到相应的理论解和高精度数值解,无需反复计算整个指数矩阵,提高了解算效率。针对含未知状态量的非齐次项,引入预测-校正的方法进行迭代求解。数值计算结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

Simulation of electrically driven jet using Chebyshev collocation method

The model of electrically driven jet is governed by a series of quasi 1D dimensionless partial differential equations (PDEs). Following the method of lines, the Chebyshev collocation method is employed to discretize the PDEs and obtain a system of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). By differentiating constrains in DAEs twice, the system is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with invariants. Then the implicit differential equations solver “ddaskr” is used to solve the ODEs and post-stabilization is executed at the end of each step. Results show the distributions of radius, linear charge density, stretching ratio and also the horizontal velocity at a time point. Meanwhile, the spiral and expanding projections to X-Y plane of the jet centerline suggest the occurring of bending instability.     

Diffusional growth of cloud particles: existence and uniqueness of solutions

Diffusional growth of cloud particles is commonly described by a coupled system of parabolic equations and ordinary differential equations. The Dirichlet boundary condition for the parabolic equation is obtained from the solution of the ordinary differential equations, but this solution itself depends on the solution of the parabolic equations. We first present the governing equations describing diffusional growth of cloud particles. In a second step, we consider a simplified model problem, motivated by the diffusional growth equations. The main difference between the simplified model problem and the diffusional growth equations consists in neglecting the dependence of the domain for the parabolic equations on the solution. For the model problem, we show unique solvability using a fixed point method. Finally, we discuss application of the main result for the model problem to the diffusional growth equations and illustrate these equations with the help of a numerical solution.     

Construction of Asymptotic Solutions of Systems of Differential Equations with Deviating Argument and Degenerate Matrix of Coefficients of Derivatives

Using the step method, we construct a solution of the fundamental initial-value problem for a singularly perturbed system of delay differential equations with the degenerate matrix of the coefficients of the derivatives.     

Solution of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations by the method of lines

The numerical method of lines (NUMOL) is a numerical technique used to solve efficiently partial differential equations. In this paper, the NUMOL is applied to the solution of the two‐dimensional unsteady Navier–Stokes equations for incompressible laminar flows in Cartesian coordinates. The Navier–Stokes equations are first discretized (in space) on a staggered grid as in the Marker and Cell scheme. The discretized Navier–Stokes equations form an index 2 system of differential algebraic equations, which are afterwards reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), using the discretized form of the continuity equation. The pressure field is computed solving a discrete pressure Poisson equation. Finally, the resulting ODEs are solved using the backward differentiation formulas. The proposed method is illustrated with Dirichlet boundary conditions through applications to the driven cavity flow and to the backward facing step flow. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Steady‐state solution of incompressible Navier–Stokes equations using discrete least‐squares meshless method

A fractional step method for the solution of the steady state incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is proposed in this paper in conjunction with a meshless method, named discrete least‐squares meshless (DLSM). The proposed fractional step method is a first‐order accurate scheme, named semi‐incremental fractional step method, which is a general form of the previous first‐order fractional step methods, i.e. non‐incremental and incremental schemes. One of the most important advantages of the proposed scheme is its capability to use large time step sizes for the solution of incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. DLSM method uses moving least‐squares shape functions for function approximation and discrete least‐squares technique for discretization of the governing differential equations and their boundary conditions. As there is no need for a background mesh, the DLSM method can be called a truly meshless method and enjoys symmetric and positive‐definite properties. Several numerical examples are used to demonstrate the ability and the efficiency of the proposed scheme and the discrete least‐squares meshless method. The results are shown to compare favorably with those of the previously published works. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fundamental solutions of the streamfunction–vorticity formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations

A new boundary element procedure is developed for the solution of the streamfunction–vorticity formulation of the Navier–Stokes equations in two dimensions. The differential equations are stated in their transient version and then discretized via finite differences with respect to time. In this discretization, the non-linear inertial terms are evaluated in a previous time step, thus making the scheme explicit with respect to them. In the resulting discretized equations, fundamental solutions that take into account the coupling between the equations are developed by treating the non-linear terms as in homogeneities. The resulting boundary integral equations are solved by the regular boundary element method, in which the singular points are placed outside the solution domain.     

拱形金属薄膜非线性力学行为数学建模及其计算

对大变形金属薄膜结构塑性应力应交关系、几何关系和静力平衡关系进行整理和适当交换，将其转化成由3个微分方程和1个代数约束方程组成的初值问题的1阶微分代数方程。采用可变步长和交阶的Klopfenstein-Shampine数值微分方法和Newton-Raphson求解方法，可求得膜片任何位置在任意时刻的应力、应交和变形等力学参量，还可以估算出膜片的极限荷载。最后对一个实例作了数值分析，其计算结果与实验数据得到了较好的符合。