基于碘化银固定相的薄层色谱-红外光谱联用研究

在分析复杂混合物方面原位薄层色谱-红外光谱联用有巨大潜力,二者联用能够相互取长补短,极大地提高对复杂混合物的解析能力。但因固定相自身的红外吸收能够对样品的检测造成干扰,使该方法进展缓慢。实验应用对中红外光透明的碘化银纳米微粒作为固定相制备薄层层析板,并对碘化银薄层板的层析效果及原位红外光谱检测的可行性进行了初步的研究。通过正交设计实验法优化反应条件,制备出粒径为100 nm左右的碘化银颗粒;应用沉降-挥发法制备薄层层析板,实验表明该薄层板具备分离混合物的能力,且原位红外光谱检测结果表明碘化银作为固定相不干扰样品检测。     

窄带薄层色谱-表面增强拉曼光谱联用法的建立及应用

建立窄带薄层色谱-表面增强拉曼光谱(narrow-band TLC-SERS)分析方法来改善传统薄层色谱-表面增强拉曼光谱法(TLC-SERS)在色谱展开过程中斑点横向扩散以及由于滴加SERS基底而导致的斑点二次扩散的不足,进一步提高TLC-SERS方法的检测灵敏度。本文采用色谱层析硅胶GF254制备并优化出宽度为2mm的窄带TLC板,待样品在窄带TLC板上分离后,在分离斑点表面喷洒银溶胶,然后对斑点进行SERS检测。结果表明,narrow-band TLC-SERS法具有简便、快速、灵敏的特点,不仅改善了传统TLC-SERS方法斑点横向扩散的不足,而且降低了固定相的用量,节约了成本,具有非常广阔的应用前景。     

澳洲γ-蟾蜍它灵的分离与分析

研究了澳洲γ－蟾蜍它灵的分离与分析,采用液相制备色谱从二十多种甾体混合物中分离出γ-蟾蜍它灵,经薄层色谱及红外光谱研究得到确认。     

磺胺甲基异(噁)唑的TLC-SERS研究

应用表面增强拉曼光谱技术将薄层色谱(TLC)与FT-Raman光谱联用,对抗菌素磺胺类药物的有效成分磺胺甲基异噁唑的光谱进行了研究分析。结果表明,在薄层原位仅1 μg样品就可获得分子的主要振动谱带。文章还分析了复方磺胺甲基异噁唑片(复方新诺明片)与对照品谱图的差异,论证了应用表面增强拉曼光谱技术将薄层色谱与FT-Raman光谱联用对医药化学成分进行高灵敏度检测的可行性及优越性。     

中红外光纤技术用于肿瘤在体原位诊断的研究

本文采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法与中红外光纤及ATR探头联用,首次实现了肿瘤组织的在体原位检测,即在有血液循环的活体组织中获得了具有很好信噪比的中红外光谱。实验结果表明在体原位的正常和肿瘤组织的光谱特征同我们先前液氮冰冻样品以及新鲜离体检测的结果是相似的,即符合液氮和新鲜离体样品研究中所得到的鉴别癌症与正常组织光谱变化规律,例如图1所列出的肠癌的原位在体光谱,与离体癌变组织光谱相似,这一创新结果表明中红外光纤-红外光谱仪联用可能发展成一种外科手术中无损、快速、准确的在体检测的方法。     

气相色谱的联用技术

分别介绍了气质联用、固相微萃取-气相色谱联用、气相色谱-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用、热分析-气相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱-原子光谱联用、全二维色谱联用和多维气相/气质联用共7种气相色谱联用技术,并展望了气相色谱今后的发展趋势.     

气-红联用在混合未知物分离、分析中的应用

气相色谱与红外光谱联用技术既可以充分利用红外光谱长于定性和结构分析的优点,又可以应用气相色谱长于快速分离混合物的优点,对未知样品进行快速分析研究。对用常规红外无法表征的混合未知物中的各个组分,通过对混合物重建色谱图的积分、归一化还可以对各组分进行定量分析,其结果和气相色谱分析的结论能较好的匹配,但较单用气相色谱分析快速、简便。     

TLC-SERS对鸡肉中的氧氟沙星快检研究

采用薄层色谱法与表面增强拉曼光谱联用技术(TLC-SERS)分离和检测鸡肉中的氧氟沙星(OFX)。薄层色谱法(TLC)可以将目标分析物从混合物中快速分离出来,解决了SERS无法准确识别目标分析物的问题,且SERS具有灵敏无损的特点。采用商用硅胶60 F254荧光板作为固定相,无需对样品进行预处理,将含有OFX的鸡肉组织液混合液滴在商用硅胶板上即可实现TLC分离。鸡肉混合样品采用TLC分离后,在OFX对应位置滴加银纳米粒子,采用银纳米粒子作为增强基底,进行SERS检测。TLC-SERS联用技术实现了快速分离检测鸡肉的氧氟沙星,其检出限可达到0.01 ppm。     

LC—GC／FTIR联用方法分析丙二酸二乙酯中的污染物

高效液相相色谱－毛细管气相色谱的联机技术具有对样品进行净化，富集，预分离和高效分离的功能。这种二维色谱与傅里叶变换红外光谱的联用技术可明显提高常规ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ系统对复杂有机混合物中微量组分的分析检测能力。     

麻黄生物碱中一对光学异构体在薄层色谱原位的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

应用表面增强技术(SERS)将薄层色谱(TLC)与傅里叶变换拉曼光谱(FT-Raman)联用,在薄层色谱分离斑点原位,获得中草药麻黄中麻黄生物碱衍生物中一对关于手性碳的光学异构体：去甲基麻黄碱,去甲基伪麻黄碱指纹光谱的新方法。研究表明,在薄层色谱原位仅16 μg的样品,就可获得以上分子的主要特征谱带;并且光学异构体的光谱特征明显不同,在银溶胶微粒表面增强作用下去甲基麻黄碱、去甲基伪麻黄碱分子中与苯环相关的波数为1 004,1 605 cm-1振动获最大增强。从而阐明了应用TLC-SERS联用技术,可有效地对中草药主要化学成分中光学异构体进行高灵敏度分离与指纹鉴定。     

高压下BaF2光学性质的模拟计算

探寻新的冲击窗口材料是高压科学领域中的一个重要课题.为此,在100 GPa范围内,通过第一性原理方法计算了BaF₂晶体的吸收谱以及在532 nm处的折射率.结果表明:1)压力和结构相变因素不会引起BaF₂晶体在可见光区域出现光吸收;氟和钡空位点缺陷的存在将使得BaF₂吸收谱的吸收边红移,但这些红移行为不会导致该材料在可见光区域内出现光吸收的现象,由此可以初步推测,BaF₂晶体有成为冲击窗口材料的可能. 2) BaF₂的折射率在其三个结构相区都随压力的增大而增大,并且BaF₂的高压相变也使得其折射率升高;钡空位点缺陷的存在将导致其折射率减小,而氟空位点缺陷却引起其折射率增加.     

Pressure Effects on the Charge Carrier Transportation of BaF_2 Nanocrystals

The charge transport behavior of barium fluoride nanocrystals is investigated by in situ impedance measurement up to 35 GPa. It is found that the parameters change discontinuously at about 6.9 GPa, corresponding to the phase transition of BaF2 nanocrystals under high pressure. The charge carriers in BaF_2 nanocrystals include both F~-ions and electrons. Pressure makes the electronic transport more difficult. The defects at grains dominate the electronic transport process. Pressure could make the charge-discharge processes in the Fm3m phase more difficult.     

Synthesis and surface properties of submicron barium sulfate particles

Barium sulfate particles were synthesized in the presence of EDTA at room temperature. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared resonance (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of BaSO₄ particles. The effect of the preparation parameters on the particle size distribution and morphology was investigated. The conditional formation constants of Ba-EDTA at different pH values were calculated. The results show that the size and morphology of BaSO₄ particles can be effectively controlled by adding EDTA in the precipitation process. Among all the operation conditions, the pH value has significant effect on the particle size. The obtained barium sulfate particles are spherical and well dispersed at pH = 9-10. Zeta potentials of BaSO₄ were measured at different pH. The isoelectric point (IEP) of barium sulfate colloid appears at pH 6.92. The model of the solid-solution interface at a particle of BaSO₄ was presented. The FTIR result indicates that the surface of the prepared BaSO₄ absorbs the functional groups of EDTA, which lower the IEP of the barium sulfate particles.     

界面活性剂对Fe3O4磁性与穆斯堡尔谱的影响

测量了不同颗粒尺寸Fe₃O₄覆盖界面活性剂前后磁性、红外谱以及穆斯堡尔谱。实验结果表明界面活性剂与Fe₃O₄微粒表面为化学吸附,覆盖界面活性剂后在相同磁场下磁化强度有所下降,穆斯堡尔谱变得弥散,随着颗粒尺寸变小,穆斯堡尔谱内场减小,谱线变得更为弥散,实验结果可以用表面各向异性的理论进行解释。 关键词：     

BaTiO_3纳米粉体的制备及结构的光谱表征

采用钛酸丁脂和八水氢氧化钡为原料的溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米BaTiO3粉体。经不同温度烧结,并利用X射线衍射和Raman光谱分析进行结构表征。实验表明,经1073K烧结后粉体粒径为26 2nm,颗粒分布均匀,还有少量BaCO3存在。在这个温度下得到的晶粒主要是立方相,并含有少量的四方相。经1273K烧结后,BaTiO3完全是四方相,粉体粒径为80 0nm,此时BaCO3已完全分解。另外探讨了溶胶-凝胶制备纳米BaTiO3粉体的反应机理,解释了BaTiO3物相的形成。     

Local structure of LiCoO(2) nanoparticles studied by Co K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy

We have studied the local structure of LiCoO(2) nanoparticles by Co K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy as a function of particle size. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure data reveal substantial changes in the near neighbor distances and the associated mean square relative displacements with decreasing particle size. X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra show clear local geometrical changes with decreasing particle size, similar to those that appear in the charging (delithiation) process. The results suggest that the LiCoO(2) nanoparticles are characterized by a large atomic disorder confined to the Co-O octahedra, similar to the distortions generated during the delithiation, and this disorder should be the primary limiting factor for a reversible diffusion of Li ions when nanoparticles of LiCoO(2) are used as cathode material in rechargeable Li ion batteries.     

“Red shift” of the surface plasmon resonance absorption by fine metal particles

The plasma resonance absorption of fine metal particles was found by Smithard et al. to shift to longer wavelengths with decreasing particle size.We propose here a hydrodynamic model that allows us to explain this phenomenon in terms of the diffuseness of the metal particle surface. Some new data are also presented, that agree with the findings of Smithard et al.     

Synthesis of transparent BaTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> nanoparticle/polymer hybrid

Transparent BaTiO₃ nanoparticle/polymer hybrid was synthesized by polymerization and hydrolysis of barium titanium alkoxide modified with 2-vinyloxyethoxy ligand. Barium alkoxide, titanium alkoxide and 2-vinyloxyethanol were reacted affording a BaTiO₃ precursor, which was then hydrolyzed and polymerized to form BaTiO₃ particle/polymer hybrids below 100°C. BaTiO₃ particles increased in crystallinity with increasing water amount for hydrolysis. The absorption edge of the hybrid film on silica plates shifted to shorter wavelength with decreasing crystallite size. Nano-sized BaTiO₃ particle/polymer hybrid polymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) was shaped into a transparent and self-standing film with a refractive index of 1.595 at 589 nm.     

A Monte Carlo simulation of coagulation

A Monte Carlo simulation technique is described for the study of the coagulation of suspended particles. The method is computationally efficient since the particle trajectories are not used to determine coagulations. Instead, pairs of particles are assigned probabilities to coagulate and the evolution is computed as a stochastic Markov game. We also describe a simple analytic method to obtain the stationary distribution of sizes for the various mechanisms of relative particle motion. It is demonstrated that the simulation yields the correct stationary size distribution independent of initial condition.